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PINA =rather thanPINA |=. I'm not 100% certain what will happen with theSBIthatPINA |= exprappears to be generating; but it if actually behaves asPINA = PINA | exprit is trying to toggle port pins in part based on the current read value of the port. In any case,PINA =is sufficient and winds up generating anOUTwhich is 1 cycle compared toSBI's two cycles. It's peanuts. But then they are going for speed.PINA =is faster here.sbiis safe, as it is a real bitwise access, not a bytewise read-modify-write.PINA |=, on the other hand, is only safe when you knowPINAlives in the bit-addressable part of the I/O space.sbisimply because it would be much less useful otherwise. Re. I/O space: Yeah I didn't spell it out, butPINH/PINJ/PINK/PINL(curiously noPINI; perhaps it looks too much like a 1) all resultlds,ori,sts