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    $\begingroup$ Hang on, is that the autocorrelation of the audio signal itself? That's certainly not very useful for tempo detection of anything but digital loops. The autocorrelation of some RMS envelope should work much better in general, preferrably for multiple frequency bands seperately. $\endgroup$ Commented Oct 10, 2011 at 12:55
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    $\begingroup$ Autocorrelation of the STFT in the time direction works pretty well, as long as the music has some kind of beat. This is essentially the same as running autocorrelation of lots of frequency bands and then summing them together. $\endgroup$ Commented Oct 10, 2011 at 16:51
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    $\begingroup$ @leftroundabout Right, there are any number of things that would need to be done for tempo detection (pre, post processing) besides autocorrelation by itself. I'm mainly responding to the first sentence of the OP's question (i.e. "how does autocorrelation work"), then suggesting he ask another question about tempo detection, beacause other processes will be involved. $\endgroup$ Commented Oct 10, 2011 at 17:25
  • $\begingroup$ @endolith what do you mean here by Autocorrelation of the STFT in the time direction? Specifically the time direction part $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 11, 2019 at 16:16
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    $\begingroup$ @popctrl Meaning to calculate the autocorrelation of each row of the STFT $\endgroup$ Commented Mar 11, 2019 at 17:27