If is a diagonal matrix, then
| (1) |
is a diagonal quadratic form, and is its associated diagonal symmetric bilinear form.
For a general symmetric matrix , a symmetric bilinear form
may be diagonalized by a nondegenerate
matrix
such that
is a diagonal form. That is,
is a diagonal matrix. Note that
may not be an orthogonal matrix.
For example, consider
| (2) |
Then taking the diagonalizer
| (3) |
gives the diagonal matrix
| (4) |