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Background

A while ago it became possible to use the letters æ, ø and å in URLs, and some websites, like the encyclopaedia Store Norske Leksikon, has made use of this.

Recently, a question was posted on a Norwegian forum about creating a hyperlink to such an URL, something that doesn't work, at least not with æ and ø.

An example

\documentclass[a4paper]{article} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage{hyperref} \begin{document} \url{http://snl.no/øl} \\ \url{http://snl.no/ære} \\ \url{http://snl.no/Ål} \end{document}

The first two links do not work, they are printed as http://snl.no/\T1\ol and http://snl.no/\T1\aere, but the third one works as it should.

(One can get the correct URL printed by using the href command, but as the hyperlink is still wrong, that isn't really a solution.)

The question

I assume this has something to do with how hyperref handles non-english characters. Is there some way of making hyperref create a correct link with æ or ø in the url?

Update

By using the href command, and compiling with latex and the dvipdfm, the hyperlink is correct (see gerry's answer below). I've been compiling with pdflatex.

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4 Answers 4

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Actually I can get the right link with href. It's compiled with latex & dvi2pdf

\documentclass[a4paper]{article} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage{hyperref} \begin{document} \href{http://snl.no/øl}{http://snl.no/øl}\\ \href{http://snl.no/ære}{http://snl.no/ære} \\ \href{http://snl.no/Ål}{http://snl.no/Ål} \end{document}

alt text

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    Indeed, it appears that this works. Thanks! I haven't compiled to DVI for a long time, so it didn't even occur to me to try. I'll wait a little, and see if anyone has a solution for using pdflatex. If not, I'll accept your answer. Commented Dec 11, 2010 at 15:20
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With a small modification the answer given by gerry will even work directly with pdflatex:

\documentclass[a4paper]{article} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage[]{hyperref} \begin{document} \href{http://snl.no/%C3%B8l}{http://snl.no/øl} \\ \href{http://snl.no/%C3%A6re}{http://snl.no/ære} \\ \href{http://snl.no/%C3%85l}{http://snl.no/Ål} \end{document}

You just have to encode the URL, for example using the W3 URL Encoder.

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I get the same results with pdflatex, latex+dvips+ps2pdf and latex+dvipdfmx. In your place I would ask the author of hyperref. E.g. in comp.text.tex.

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matth's answer works, but applying Heiko's answer (to another question) it is even possible to do:

\documentclass{article} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage{hyperref} \begin{document} \href{\detokenize{http://snl.no/øl}}{http://snl.no/øl} \\ \href{\detokenize{http://snl.no/ære}}{http://snl.no/ære} \\ \href{\detokenize{http://snl.no/Ål}}{http://snl.no/Ål} \end{document}

Saves the need to look up the code for ø, æ, and Å.

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