As per my understanding on cloud native infra.
Provisioning involves creating resources like VMs/instances, setting up IAM roles and policies, Firewalls, DBs, Load balancers, any clusters like EKS, GKE, etc.
And, configuration part involves, setting uppreparing your instances to installrun actually your apps by installing necessary softwares and packages to actually run your applications on those instances, setting up tables in DBs and populating data, RBAC controls on resources, etc.