Yes, the 16F84 does need an external oscillator. It is a very old PIC.
However almost all of the newer PICs have an Internal RC Oscillator that can be selected, which will be mentioned in the datasheet.
I would really consider getting hold of a newer PIC, something like a 16F690, or 16F1824/16F1828. These are far more current, and can do anything the 16F84 can do and much more.