After following a subset of this advice, this is how I got the Python GDAL 1.11.0 (the solution should be version-independent, see below) install to work on Ubuntu 14.04 with pip:

Install dependencies:

sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev libgdal1h

pip install by passing along the include path (prefix with sudo for system-wide install) and instructing pip to install the version matching the system installed GDAL version:

pip install --global-option=build_ext --global-option="-I/usr/include/gdal" GDAL==`gdal-config --version`

After following a subset of this advice, this is how I got the Python GDAL 1.11.0 (the solution should be version-independent, see below) install to work on Ubuntu 14.04 with pip:

Install dependencies:

sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev libgdal1h 

pip install by passing along the include path (prefix with sudo for system-wide install) and instructing pip to install the version matching the system installed GDAL version:

pip install --global-option=build_ext --global-option="-I/usr/include/gdal" GDAL==\`gdal-config --version\` 

After following a subset of this advice, this is how I got the Python GDAL 1.11.0 install to work on Ubuntu 14.04 with pip:

Install dependencies:

sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev libgdal1h

Pip install and pass along the include path:

sudo pip install --global-option=build_ext --global-option="-I/usr/include/gdal" gdal

After following a subset of this advice, this is how I got the Python GDAL 1.11.0 (the solution should be version-independent, see below) install to work on Ubuntu 14.04 with pip:

Install dependencies:

sudo apt-get install libgdal-dev libgdal1h

pip install by passing along the include path (prefix with sudo for system-wide install) and instructing pip to install the version matching the system installed GDAL version:

pip install --global-option=build_ext --global-option="-I/usr/include/gdal" GDAL==`gdal-config --version`