During the MLIR build, you can enable Python bindings by setting
-DMLIR_ENABLE_BINDINGS_PYTHON=ON.
However, after installing mlir-dev via apt, the shared libraries are present but the Python module isn’t included. There’s also no standalone package (e.g. python3-mlir) available. It looks like the Python bindings were omitted—this should be fixed.

cc: @sylvestre