You could use an Art Brush to do this. You will need to make each line a single stroke though, and you'll need to create an empty spacer at the end of the brush. If you have all the data in a raster image of the graph, you could use Image tracing using the Outline trace option to actually create the lines.

Anyway, here's an example

A brush like this shown here. I've used a repeating pattern here for the sake of convenience, but you don't have to. Each stroke can be any height.

Applied to a circle as an Art Brush

You could use an Art Brush to do this. You will need to make each line a single stroke though, and you'll need to create an empty spacer at the end of the brush. If you have all the data in a raster image of the graph, you could use Image tracing using the Outline trace option to actually create the lines.

Anyway, here's an example

A brush like this shown here. I've used a repeating pattern here for the sake of convenience, but you don't have to. Each stroke can be any height.

Applied to a circle as an Art Brush

It can also be applied to just part of a circle, here I added some anchors to delete some segments of the circle

You could use an Art Brush to do this. You will need to make each line a single stroke though, and you'll need to create an empty spacer at the end of the brush.

An example

A brush like this. I've used a repeating pattern here for the sake of convenience, but you don't have to. Each stroke can be any height.  

Applied to a circle as an Art Brush

You could use an Art Brush to do this. You will need to make each line a single stroke though, and you'll need to create an empty spacer at the end of the brush. If you have all the data in a raster image of the graph, you could use Image tracing using the Outline trace option to actually create the lines.

Anyway, here's an example

A brush like this shown here. I've used a repeating pattern here for the sake of convenience, but you don't have to. Each stroke can be any height. 

Applied to a circle as an Art Brush