This is a try to summarize the most important results of GoedelsGödel's theorems.
A statement is provable within a theory if and only if it is true for any interpretation allowed in this theory.
If a statement is true for some interpretation (model) and false for some other, then it is independent of the theory and undecidable within the theory.
But the fact, that a statement is undecidable within a theory, cannot be proven within the theory itself. A stronger theory might prove this undecidability, or might not.
Any theory, that is strong enough, that the representation theorem holds for it, is incomplete, that means, that there are true statements, not provable within it.
Finally, a theory cannot prove its own consistency.