Text and Annotations in R
How to add text labels and annotations to plots in R.
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Text Mode
library(plotly) Primates <- c('Potar monkey', 'Gorilla', 'Human', 'Rhesus monkey', 'Chimp') Bodywt <- c(10.0, 207.0, 62.0, 6.8, 52.2) Brainwt <- c(115, 406, 1320, 179, 440) data <- data.frame(Primates, Bodywt, Brainwt) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Bodywt, y = ~Brainwt, type = 'scatter', mode = 'text', text = ~Primates, textposition = 'middle right', textfont = list(color = '#000000', size = 16)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Primates Brain and Body Weight', xaxis = list(title = 'Body Weight (kg)', zeroline = TRUE, range = c(0, 250)), yaxis = list(title = 'Brain Weight (g)', range = c(0,1400))) fig See more options on the textposition argument here.
Styling Text
library(plotly) data <- mtcars[which(mtcars$am == 1 & mtcars$gear == 4),] t <- list( family = "sans serif", size = 14, color = toRGB("grey50")) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~wt, y = ~mpg, text = rownames(data)) fig <- fig %>% add_markers() fig <- fig %>% add_text(textfont = t, textposition = "top right") fig <- fig %>% layout(xaxis = list(range = c(1.6, 3.2)), showlegend = FALSE) fig Controlling text fontsize with uniformtext
For the pie, bar, sunburst and treemap traces, it is possible to force all the text labels to have the same size thanks to the uniformtext layout parameter. The minsize attribute sets the font size, and the mode attribute sets what happens for labels which cannot fit with the desired fontsize: either hide them or show them with overflow.
library(plotly) df <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/gapminderDataFiveYear.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) df <- df[which(df$year==2007 & df$continent=='Europe' & df$pop > 2.e6),] fig <- plot_ly(df, type='bar', x = ~country, y = ~pop, text = ~lifeExp, name="", hovertemplate = paste('%{x}', '<br>lifeExp: %{text:.2s}<br>'), texttemplate = '%{y:.2s}', textposition = 'outside') fig <- fig %>% layout(uniformtext=list(minsize=8, mode='hide')) fig library(plotly) df <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/gapminderDataFiveYear.csv", stringsAsFactors = FALSE) df <- df[which(df$year==2007 & df$continent=='Asia'),] fig <- plot_ly(df, type='pie', labels = ~country, values = ~pop, textposition = 'inside') fig <- fig %>% layout(uniformtext=list(minsize=12, mode='hide')) fig Adding Informations to Default Hover Text
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly(iris, x = ~Petal.Length, y = ~Petal.Width, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', text = ~paste('Species: ', Species)) fig Custom Hover Text
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly(iris, x = ~Petal.Length, y = ~Petal.Width, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', hoverinfo = 'text', text = ~paste('</br> Species: ', Species, '</br> Petal Length: ', Petal.Length, '</br> Petal Width: ', Petal.Width)) fig Single Annotation
library(plotly) m <- mtcars[which.max(mtcars$mpg), ] a <- list( x = m$wt, y = m$mpg, text = rownames(m), xref = "x", yref = "y", showarrow = TRUE, arrowhead = 7, ax = 20, ay = -40 ) fig <- plot_ly(mtcars, x = ~wt, y = ~mpg) fig <- fig %>% add_markers() fig <- fig %>% layout(annotations = a) fig Multiple Annotations
library(plotly) data <- mtcars[which(mtcars$am == 1 & mtcars$gear == 4),] fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~wt, y = ~mpg, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', marker = list(size = 10)) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations(x = data$wt, y = data$mpg, text = rownames(data), xref = "x", yref = "y", showarrow = TRUE, arrowhead = 4, arrowsize = .5, ax = 20, ay = -40) fig Subplot Annotations
library(plotly) m <- economics[which.max(economics$unemploy), ] n <- economics[which.max(economics$uempmed), ] # annotations a <- list( x = m$date, y = m$unemploy, text = "annotation a", xref = "x", yref = "y", showarrow = TRUE, arrowhead = 7, ax = 20, ay = -40 ) b <- list( x = n$date, y = n$uempmed, text = "annotation b", xref = "x2", yref = "y2", showarrow = TRUE, arrowhead = 7, ax = 20, ay = -40 ) # figure labels f <- list( family = "Courier New, monospace", size = 18, color = "#7f7f7f ") x <- list( title = "x Axis", titlefont = f) y <- list( title = "y Axis", titlefont = f) fig1 <- plot_ly(economics, x = ~date, y = ~unemploy) fig1 <- fig1 %>% add_lines(name = ~"unemploy") fig1 <- fig1 %>% layout(annotations = a, xaxis = x, yaxis = y) fig2 <- plot_ly(economics, x = ~date, y = ~uempmed) fig2 <- fig2 %>% add_lines(name = ~"uempmed") fig2 <- fig2 %>% layout(annotations = b, xaxis = x, yaxis = y) fig <- subplot(fig1, fig2, titleX = TRUE, titleY = TRUE) fig2 <- fig2 %>% layout(showlegend = FALSE) fig 3D Annotations
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly() fig <- fig %>% add_trace( x = c("2017-01-01", "2017-02-10", "2017-03-20"), y = c("A", "B", "C"), z = c(1, 1000, 100000), name = "z", type = "scatter3d" ) fig <- fig %>% layout( scene = list( aspectratio = list( x = 1, y = 1, z = 1 ), camera = list( center = list( x = 0, y = 0, z = 0 ), eye = list( x = 1.96903462608, y = -1.09022831971, z = 0.405345349304 ), up = list( x = 0, y = 0, z = 1 ) ), dragmode = "turntable", xaxis = list( title = "", type = "date" ), yaxis = list( title = "", type = "category" ), zaxis = list( title = "", type = "log" ), annotations = list(list( showarrow = F, x = "2017-01-01", y = "A", z = 0, text = "Point 1", xanchor = "left", xshift = 10, opacity = 0.7 ), list( x = "2017-02-10", y = "B", z = 4, text = "Point 2", textangle = 0, ax = 0, ay = -75, font = list( color = "black", size = 12 ), arrowcolor = "black", arrowsize = 3, arrowwidth = 1, arrowhead = 1 ), list( x = "2017-03-20", y = "C", z = 5, ax = 50, ay = 0, text = "Point 3", arrowhead = 1, xanchor = "left", yanchor = "bottom" ) )), xaxis = list(title = "x"), yaxis = list(title = "y") ) fig Styling Annotations
library(plotly) data <- mtcars[which(mtcars$am == 1 & mtcars$gear == 4),] fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~wt, y = ~mpg, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', marker = list(size = 10)) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations(x = data$wt, y = data$mpg, text = rownames(data), xref = "x", yref = "y", showarrow = TRUE, arrowhead = 4, arrowsize = .5, ax = 20, ay = -40, # Styling annotations' text: font = list(color = '#264E86', family = 'sans serif', size = 14)) fig Set Annotation Text Anchors
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly() fig <- fig %>% add_markers( x = 1, y = 1, showlegend = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_markers( x = 1, y = 2, showlegend = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_markers( x = 1, y = 3, showlegend = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations( x=1, y=1, xref = "x", yref = "y", text = "Right Anchor", xanchor = 'right', showarrow = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations( x=1, y=2, xref = "x", yref = "y", text = "Center Anchor", xanchor = 'center', showarrow = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations( x=1, y=3, xref = "x", yref = "y", text = "Left Anchor", xanchor = 'left', showarrow = F ) fig Customize Displayed Text with a Text Template
To show an arbitrary text in your chart you can use texttemplate, which is a template string used for rendering the information, and will override textinfo. This template string can include variables in %{variable} format, numbers in d3-format's syntax, and date in d3-time-fomrat's syntax. texttemplate customizes the text that appears on your plot vs. hovertemplate that customizes the tooltip text.
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly( type='pie', values=c(40000000, 20000000, 30000000, 10000000), labels=c("Wages", "Operating expenses", "Cost of sales", "Insurance"), texttemplate="%{label}: %{value:$,s} <br>(%{percent})", textposition="inside") fig Customize Text Template
The following example uses textfont to customize the added text.
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly( type='scatterternary', a = c(3, 2, 5), b = c(2, 5, 2), c = c(5, 2, 2), mode = "markers+text", text = c("A", "B", "C"), texttemplate = "%{text}<br>(%{a:.2f}, %{b:.2f}, %{c:.2f})", textposition = "bottom center", textfont = list(family= "Times", size= c(18, 21, 20), color= c("IndianRed", "MediumPurple", "DarkOrange")) ) fig Set Date in Text Template
The following example shows how to show date by setting axis.type in funnel charts. As you can see textinfo and texttemplate have the same functionality when you want to determine 'just' the trace information on the graph.
fig <- plot_ly() fig <- fig %>% add_trace( type='funnel', name = 'Montreal', orientation = "h", y = c("2018-01-01", "2018-07-01", "2019-01-01", "2020-01-01"), x = c(100, 60, 40, 20), textposition = "inside", texttemplate = "%{y| %a. %_d %b %Y}") fig <- fig %>% add_trace( type='funnel', name = 'Vancouver', orientation = "h", y = c("2018-01-01", "2018-07-01", "2019-01-01", "2020-01-01"), x = c(90, 70, 50, 10), textposition = "inside", textinfo = "label") fig <- fig %>% layout(yaxis = list(type= 'date')) fig Set Annotation Coordinate References
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly() fig <- fig %>% add_markers( x = 0.5, y = 1, showlegend = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations( x= 0.5, y= 1, xref = "paper", yref = "paper", text = "<b>paper reference = [0.5, 1]</b>", showarrow = F ) fig <- fig %>% add_annotations( x= 0.5, y= 1, xref = "x", yref = "y", text = "x + y reference = [0.5, 1]", showarrow = T, ax = 20, ay = -40 ) fig <- fig %>% layout( xaxis = list(zeroline = F), yaxis = list(zeroline = F) ) fig Reference
See https://plotly.com/r/reference/#layout-annotations for more information and chart attribute options!
What About Dash?
Dash for R is an open-source framework for building analytical applications, with no Javascript required, and it is tightly integrated with the Plotly graphing library.
Learn about how to install Dash for R at https://dashr.plot.ly/installation.
Everywhere in this page that you see fig, you can display the same figure in a Dash for R application by passing it to the figure argument of the Graph component from the built-in dashCoreComponents package like this:
library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly() # fig <- fig %>% add_trace( ... ) # fig <- fig %>% layout( ... ) library(dash) library(dashCoreComponents) library(dashHtmlComponents) app <- Dash$new() app$layout( htmlDiv( list( dccGraph(figure=fig) ) ) ) app$run_server(debug=TRUE, dev_tools_hot_reload=FALSE)