For introducing Yemeni population in synthesis of genetic relationships of human populations, analysis of rhesus and Gm polymorphisms have been carried out for a population sample of 210 Yemenites. Rhesus haplotype frequencies were compared to those estimated in an original sample of 171 Tunisians and to available data for other populations. Gm haplotype frequencies were introduced in a wide synthesis of genetic relationships for 67 populations from Africa, Europe, the Near East and India. The genetic profile of Yemeni people would be close to that of a highly diversified ancestral population. The first inhabitants of North Africa, the Berbers and Yemenites have very likely a common origin and were not subject to important genetic drift after their geographic differentiation. While, the divergence between Yemenites and their neighbours of sub-Saharan Africa would have occurred with a founder effect and a long isolation. An important parallelism is observed for the Gm system between genetic and linguistic differentiations.