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    Note that the negative rings are not real rings. They were just given that nickname. A real ring is a value of CPL (Current Privilege Level), which cannot be negative. There's CPL0, CPL1, CPL2, and CPL3, and nothing else. Commented Sep 5, 2019 at 7:14
  • I think ring 2 was also used for OS/2 drivers. Commented Sep 5, 2019 at 7:48