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    I have a question. we encrypt data using an algorithm and decrypt it using contrary of algorithm. so if we have the raw data and the public key, why we can not decrypt encrypted data using contrary of the encryption algorithm? Commented May 14, 2014 at 19:18
  • @AmirrezaNasiri Public-key systems are based on mathematical problems that are extremely difficult to perform in reverse. See the discrete logarithm problem for one such problem: for a = b^k mod q, it is trivial to compute a if you know b, k and q. However, it is difficult to find k, even if you know a, b, and q. The Wikipedia article has a good example and explanation. Commented May 14, 2014 at 19:44