DDoS is characterised by floods, creating a DoS. But DoS can be caused by a broad range of triggers. [CVSS even has an example for you:][1] > Due to a flaw in the handler function for RPC commands, it is possible > to manipulate data pointers within the Virtual Machine Executable > (VMX) process. This vulnerability may allow a user in a Guest Virtual > Machine to **crash** the VMX process resulting in a **Denial of Service** > (DoS) on the host or potentially execute code on the host. [empasis mine] So, yes, a simple crash is a DoS. [1]: https://www.first.org/cvss/examples