You can plot your cumulative graph to a file, and then use those modified data as you would with a regular data file. To access the labels to can use the paste command and make use of extra columns:
set table "cumulative_labels" plot 'data.txt' u 1:2:3 smooth cumulative w labels set table "cumulative_data" plot 'data.txt' u 1:2 smooth cumulative unset table plot 'cumulative_data' u 1:2 w l, \ "< paste cumulative_labels cumulative_data" u 4:5:3 w labels offset 1 Edit:
gnuplot-only way to do this, with no intermediate files, but dropping the smooth cumulative option:
sum = 0. plot "data.txt" u 1:2 s cum, "" u (sum = sum + $2, $1):(sum):3 w labels offset 1