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lang-cpp
constcan be used in optimisation... It's undefined behaviour to modify a value defined const even after aconst_castIIRC. I'd expect it to be consistent forconstmember functions, but I'd need to check that with the standard. This would mean that the compiler can safely do optimisations there.int xvs.const int x), then it is safe to modify it byconst_cast-ing away const on a pointer/reference to it. Otherwise,const_castwould always invoke undefined behavior, and be useless :) In this case, the compiler has no information about the const-ness of the original object, so it can't tell.int GetNumber() const = 0;) should declare theGetNumber()method virtual. The second (constexpr int GetNumber() const = 0;) isn't valid because the pure specifier (= 0) implies the method to be virtual, but constexpr's must not be virtual (ref: en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/constexpr)