I have read the answers for What's the best way to check if a file exists in C? (cross platform), but I'm wondering if there is a better way to do this using standard c++ libs? Preferably without trying to open the file at all.
Both stat and access are pretty much ungoogleable. What should I #include to use these?
Use boost::filesystem:
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp> if ( !boost::filesystem::exists( "myfile.txt" ) ) { std::cout << "Can't find my file!" << std::endl; } 
myfile.txt could be a directory on linux or windows. If you want to require it be a file, you can use boost::filesystem::is_regular_file().Be careful of race conditions: if the file disappears between the "exists" check and the time you open it, your program will fail unexpectedly.
It's better to go and open the file, check for failure and if all is good then do something with the file. It's even more important with security-critical code.
Details about security and race conditions: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-sprace.html
I am a happy boost user and would certainly use Andreas' solution. But if you didn't have access to the boost libs you can use the stream library:
ifstream file(argv[1]); if (!file) { // Can't open file } It's not quite as nice as boost::filesystem::exists since the file will actually be opened...but then that's usually the next thing you want to do anyway.
If your compiler supports C++17 you don't need boost, you can simply use std::filesystem::exists
#include <iostream> // only for std::cout #include <filesystem> if (!std::filesystem::exists("myfile.txt")) { std::cout << "File not found!" << std::endl; } Use stat(), if it is cross-platform enough for your needs. It is not C++ standard though, but POSIX.
On MS Windows there is _stat, _stat64, _stati64, _wstat, _wstat64, _wstati64.
How about access?
#include <io.h> if (_access(filename, 0) == -1) { // File does not exist } Another possibility consists in using the good() function in the stream:
#include <fstream> bool checkExistence(const char* filename) { ifstream Infield(filename); return Infield.good(); } I would reconsider trying to find out if a file exists. Instead, you should try to open it (in Standard C or C++) in the same mode you intend to use it. What use is knowing that the file exists if, say, it isn't writable when you need to use it?
ls-like program ? I'm guessing the original poster here doesn't want to open the file, at all. Posix's stat function is supposed to give you informations about the file's permissions though, so it would fix that problem.NO boost REQUIRED, which would be an overkill.
Use stat() (not cross platform though as mentioned by pavon), like this:
#include <sys/stat.h> #include <iostream> // true if file exists bool fileExists(const std::string& file) { struct stat buf; return (stat(file.c_str(), &buf) == 0); } int main() { if(!fileExists("test.txt")) { std::cerr << "test.txt doesn't exist, exiting...\n"; return -1; } return 0; } Output:
C02QT2UBFVH6-lm:~ gsamaras$ ls test.txt ls: test.txt: No such file or directory C02QT2UBFVH6-lm:~ gsamaras$ g++ -Wall main.cpp C02QT2UBFVH6-lm:~ gsamaras$ ./a.out test.txt doesn't exist, exiting... Another version (and that) can be found here.
If you are already using the input file stream class (ifstream), you could use its function fail().
Example:
ifstream myFile; myFile.open("file.txt"); // Check for errors if (myFile.fail()) { cerr << "Error: File could not be found"; exit(1); } 