python : imported packages with 'nested' modules

Question

When i import modules , this nested scenario works fine. But when i try to import packages , i got inconsistent result. Here's the very simple case :

contents of my current folder :

mypackages <directory> __init__.py one.py two.py three.py

this is the script :

__init__.py : import one one.py : import two two.py : import three

I'm expecting that i should be able to access two and three this way :

import mypackages mypackages.one.two mypackages.one.two.three

or in other word the logical level shoul be like this :

one two three

But when i do import mypackages, i got all the modules exposed at the same level :

>>> import mypackages >>> print dir(mypackages) ['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__', 'one', 'three', 'two']

It should only show one module , right ? I'm confused why it shows all one , two and three which means they are at the same level ( i can use mypackages.two and mypackages.three directly ).

Does anyone have any explaination ?

akinuri · Accepted Answer · 2020-10-12 18:26:18Z

14

You should read this.

By putting the files at the same level, you put them is the same package level. In your case, you need to get this architecture:

mypackage ├── __init__.py ├── one.py # contains "import two" └── two ├── __init__.py ├── two.py # contains "import three" └── three    ├── __init__.py    └── three.py

And then, you can access the package with:

import mypackage.one import mypackage.one.two import mypackage.one.two.three

edited Oct 12, 2020 at 18:26

akinuri

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answered Apr 11, 2016 at 12:16

aluriak

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3 Comments

akinuri Over a year ago

Care to expand this to cover the usage of functions and classes from the subpackages?

aluriak Over a year ago

You mean, how to access members of the module objects ?

akinuri Over a year ago

Yes. I tried the suggested solution, but couldn't make it work. In a dir, I have a folder intl which contains a file (scanner.py), and wanted to turn it into a package. In the main file, doing import intl and scanner = intl.Scanner() didn't work. I had to modify __init__.py and add from .scanner import Scanner in it... So, a use case for using a function and a class from packages/subpackages would improve this answer, because it doesn't mention anything about modifying the __init__.py. While I managed to get my script to work, I don't know if I took the right approach :)

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