Short answer
#Short answer NoNo. But then ls does not have a way to list file ending .jpg case sensitive or note. It is the shell that converts the *.jpg into a list of files, and passes this list to ls. Try echo *.jpg, to get some ideas of what the shell is doing.
#Long answer
Long answer
You can use find: e.g. find . -iname "*.jpg" -o -iname "*.jpeg"
or use grep e.g. ls | grep -iE "[.]jpe?g$"
or set your shell to have case insensitive globs: shopt -s nocaseglob (This works in Bash, see How to match case insensitive patterns with ls? for solutions for other shells.)