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This expands somewhat on the !! trick mentioned in this answer. There are actually a bunch of history-related commands that tend to get forgotten about (people tend to stab Up 100 times instead looking for a command they know they typed).

• The history command will show a list of recently run commands with an event designator to the left
• !N will substitute the command associated with event designator N
• !-N will substitute the N ^th most recent command; e.g. !-1 will substitute the most recent command, !-2 the second most recent, etc.
• As mentioned in the other answer, !! is shorthand for !-1, to quickly substitute the last command
• !string will substitute the most recent command that begins with string
• !?string? will substitute the most recent command that contains string

Word designators can be added on to a ! history command to modify the results. A colon separates the event and word designators, e.g. !!:0. The event designator !! can be abbreviated to just ! when using a word designator, so !!:0 is equivalent to !:0.

• !:0 will get the command that was executed
• !:1 will get the first argument (and !:2 the second, etc.)
• !:2-3 will get the second and third arguments
• !:^ is another way to get the first argument. !:$ will get the last
• !:* will get all arguments (but not the command)

Modifiers can also be appended to a ! history command, each prefixed by a colon. Any number can be stacked on (e.g. !:t:r:p).

• h -- Line up to the base filename
• t -- Only the base filename
• r -- Line up to the filename extension
• e -- Only the filename extension
• s/search/replacement -- Replace the first occurrence of search with replacement
• gs/search/replacement -- Replace all occurrences of search with replacement

This expands somewhat on the !! trick mentioned in this answer. There are actually a bunch of history-related commands that tend to get forgotten about (people tend to stab Up 100 times instead looking for a command they know they typed).

• The history command will show a list of recently run commands with an event designator to the left
• !N will substitute the command associated with event designator N
• !-N will substitute the N ^th most recent command; e.g. !-1 will substitute the most recent command, !-2 the second most recent, etc.
• As mentioned in the other answer, !! is shorthand for !-1, to quickly substitute the last command
• !string will substitute the most recent command that begins with string
• !?string? will substitute the most recent command that contains string

Word designators can be added on to a ! history command to modify the results. A colon separates the event and word designators, e.g. !!:0. The event designator !! can be abbreviated to just ! when using a word designator, so !!:0 is equivalent to !:0.

• !:0 will get the command that was executed
• !:1 will get the first argument (and !:2 the second, etc.)
• !:2-3 will get the second and third arguments
• !:^ is another way to get the first argument. !:$ will get the last
• !:* will get all arguments (but not the command)

Modifiers can also be appended to a ! history command, each prefixed by a colon. Any number can be stacked on (e.g. !:t:r:p).

• h -- Line up to the base filename
• t -- Only the base filename
• r -- Line up to the filename extension
• e -- Only the filename extension
• s/search/replacement -- Replace the first occurrence of search with replacement
• gs/search/replacement -- Replace all occurrences of search with replacement

This expands somewhat on the !! trick mentioned in this answer. There are actually a bunch of history-related commands that tend to get forgotten about (people tend to stab Up 100 times instead looking for a command they know they typed).

• The history command will show a list of recently run commands with an event designator to the left
• Running !N will run the command associated with event designator N
• Running !-N will run the N ^th most recent command; e.g. !-1 will run the most recent command, !-2 the second most recent, etc.
• As mentioned in the other answer, !! is shorthand for !-1, to quickly run the last command again
• Running !string will run the most recent command that begins with string
• Running !?string? will run the most recent command that contains string

Word designators can be added on to a ! history command to modify the results. A colon separates the event and word designators, e.g. !!:0. The event designator !! can be abbreviated to just ! when using a word designator, so !!:0 is equivalent to !:0.

• !:0 will get the command that was executed
• !:1 will get the first argument (and !:2 the second, etc.)
• !:2-3 will get the second and third arguments
• !:^ is another way to get the first argument. !:$ will get the last
• !:* will get all arguments (but not the command)

Modifiers can also be appended to a ! history command, each prefixed by a colon. Any number can be stacked on (e.g. !:t:r:p).

• h -- Line up to the base filename
• t -- Only the base filename
• r -- Line up to the filename extension
• e -- Only the filename extension
• s/search/replacement -- Replace the first occurrence of search with replacement
• gs/search/replacement -- Replace all occurrences of search with replacement

This expands somewhat on the !! trick mentioned in this answer. There are actually a bunch of history-related commands that tend to get forgotten about (people tend to stab Up 100 times instead looking for a command they know they typed).

• The history command will show a list of recently run commands with an event designator to the left
• !N will substitute the command associated with event designator N
• !-N will substitute the N ^th most recent command; e.g. !-1 will substitute the most recent command, !-2 the second most recent, etc.
• As mentioned in the other answer, !! is shorthand for !-1, to quickly substitute the last command
• !string will substitute the most recent command that begins with string
• !?string? will substitute the most recent command that contains string

Word designators can be added on to a ! history command to modify the results. A colon separates the event and word designators, e.g. !!:0. The event designator !! can be abbreviated to just ! when using a word designator, so !!:0 is equivalent to !:0.

• !:0 will get the command that was executed
• !:1 will get the first argument (and !:2 the second, etc.)
• !:2-3 will get the second and third arguments
• !:^ is another way to get the first argument. !:$ will get the last
• !:* will get all arguments (but not the command)

Modifiers can also be appended to a ! history command, each prefixed by a colon. Any number can be stacked on (e.g. !:t:r:p).

• h -- Line up to the base filename
• t -- Only the base filename
• r -- Line up to the filename extension
• e -- Only the filename extension
• s/search/replacement -- Replace the first occurrence of search with replacement
• gs/search/replacement -- Replace all occurrences of search with replacement

This expands somewhat on the !! trick mentioned in this answer. There are actually a bunch of history-related commands that tend to get forgotten about (people tend to stab Up 100 times instead looking for a command they know they typed).

• The history command will show a list of recently run commands with an event designator to the left
• Running !N will run the command associated with event designator N
• Running !-N will run the Nth most recent command; e.g. !-1 will run the most recent command, !-2 the second most recent, etc.
• As mentioned in the other answer, !! is shorthand for !-1, to quickly run the last command again
• Running !string will run the most recent command that begins with string
• Running !?string? will run the most recent command that contains string

Word designators can be added on to a ! history command to modify the results. A colon separates the event and word designators, e.g. !!:0. The event designator !! can be abbreviated to just ! when using a word designator, so !!:0 is equivalent to !:0.

• !:0 will get the command that was executed
• !:1 will get the first argument (and !:2 the second, etc.)
• !:2-3 will get the second and third arguments
• !:^ is another way to get the first argument. !:$ will get the last
• !:* will get all arguments (but not the command)

Modifiers can also be appended to a ! history command, each prefixed by a colon. Any number can be stacked on (e.g. !:t:r:p). The examples below assume the command echo /tmp/foo.bar has just been run.

• h -- Line up to the base filename
• t -- Only the base filename
• r -- Line up to the filename extension
• e -- Only the filename extension
• s/search/replacement -- Replace the first occurrence of search with replacement
• gs/search/replacement -- Replace all occurrences of search with replacement

This expands somewhat on the !! trick mentioned in this answer. There are actually a bunch of history-related commands that tend to get forgotten about (people tend to stab Up 100 times instead looking for a command they know they typed).

• The history command will show a list of recently run commands with an event designator to the left
• Running !N will run the command associated with event designator N
• Running !-N will run the N ^th most recent command; e.g. !-1 will run the most recent command, !-2 the second most recent, etc.
• As mentioned in the other answer, !! is shorthand for !-1, to quickly run the last command again
• Running !string will run the most recent command that begins with string
• Running !?string? will run the most recent command that contains string

Word designators can be added on to a ! history command to modify the results. A colon separates the event and word designators, e.g. !!:0. The event designator !! can be abbreviated to just ! when using a word designator, so !!:0 is equivalent to !:0.

• !:0 will get the command that was executed
• !:1 will get the first argument (and !:2 the second, etc.)
• !:2-3 will get the second and third arguments
• !:^ is another way to get the first argument. !:$ will get the last
• !:* will get all arguments (but not the command)

Modifiers can also be appended to a ! history command, each prefixed by a colon. Any number can be stacked on (e.g. !:t:r:p).

• h -- Line up to the base filename
• t -- Only the base filename
• r -- Line up to the filename extension
• e -- Only the filename extension
• s/search/replacement -- Replace the first occurrence of search with replacement
• gs/search/replacement -- Replace all occurrences of search with replacement