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    This short but very good article leads me to believe "if you're not using 4k in 2023 you're either doing something wrong or have old systems". Commented Nov 17, 2023 at 14:28
  • Also, did you actually check the phyiscal block size of your HDD? "even though its logical sector size is 512K" how old is this drive we're talking baout? Commented Nov 17, 2023 at 14:29
  • I believe from 2017. It's a 512e HDD. Sector sizes (and not block sizes !) can be checked with smartctl -d sat -i /dev/sde | grep ^Sector, or fdisk -l /dev/sde | grep ^Sector. Commented Nov 17, 2023 at 14:55
  • "if you're not using 4k in 2023 you're either doing something wrong or have old systems" : I agree. See also that comment : unix.stackexchange.com/questions/562571/… Commented Nov 17, 2023 at 14:57
  • That being said, I'm not sure ALL block devices today come with 4Kn by default. I installed a laptop with 2 fairly recent NVMe SSDs, a WD_BLACK SN850X (on which I installed the OS) and a Crucial CT4000P3PSSD8. I just noticed (nvme id-ns -H /dev/nvmeXn1 | grep "^LBA Format") that the WD BLACK uses 512b sectors, and the Crucial uses 4096b sectors. So it seems some NVMe SSDs are shipped with the legacy 512 bytes sector size, and others already with the newer 4096 bytes one. I wonder why. nvme id-ns clearly states that 512 bytes is Good, while 4096 bytes is Better. Commented Nov 17, 2023 at 15:00