if you know relative filename of intermediate file, try
tar -xf $1 -O path/to/file.tar.gz | tar xf - where
-O, --to-stdout Extract files to standard output.
you might need
-zflag in second tarplease note that
-is synonym for stdin, maybe that what you meant (tar -xf $1 | tar -xf xargs(*) ) ?tar -xf $1 | tar -xf -
(*) xargs is backquoted