You can reduce the gap at the top of a table by placing the cursor above the table, and reducing the font size. I can't seem to reduce it below 6 points, and even this required me to type the number into the "Font size" box. However, it does at least move the table up a bit.
I had to do the same thing at the bottom of my table.
If anybody wants to log this with Google as a bug, then they could describe it as a serious bug in the conversion from docx to Google Docs format. It is serious because it does not seem to be possible to edit it out manually - atmanually—at least not completely.