Python xlwt - accessing existing cell content, auto-adjust column width

Python xlwt - accessing existing cell content, auto-adjust column width

The xlwt library in Python is primarily used for writing Excel files, and it doesn't provide direct methods for accessing the content of existing cells in an Excel file. It's more suitable for creating new Excel files or overwriting existing ones.

If you need to access and modify existing cell content in an Excel file, you might want to consider using a library like openpyxl or xlrd for reading and xlwt for writing. Here's a basic example using openpyxl to read an existing Excel file, access cell content, and then use xlwt to write back to the file while auto-adjusting column widths:

import openpyxl import xlwt # Open the existing Excel file for reading using openpyxl workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook("existing_file.xlsx") sheet = workbook.active # Assuming you're working with the active sheet # Access and modify cell content cell_value = sheet["A1"].value new_value = "New Value" sheet["A1"] = new_value # Save the modified workbook with openpyxl workbook.save("modified_file.xlsx") # Now, use xlwt to auto-adjust column width from xlwt import Workbook from xlwt.Utils import column_letter # Open the modified Excel file for writing using xlwt xlwt_workbook = Workbook() xlwt_sheet = xlwt_workbook.add_sheet("Sheet1") # Copy data from openpyxl to xlwt for row in sheet.iter_rows(values_only=True): xlwt_sheet.write(sheet.cell(row=row[0].row, column=row[0].column).row - 1, sheet.cell(row=row[0].row, column=row[0].column).column - 1, row[0]) # Auto-adjust column width for column in sheet.columns: max_length = 0 column_name = column[0].column_letter for cell in column: try: if len(str(cell.value)) > max_length: max_length = len(cell.value) except: pass adjusted_width = (max_length + 2) * 256 # Adjust the width (2 is for padding) xlwt_sheet.col(column[0].column_index - 1).width = adjusted_width # Save the modified file with xlwt xlwt_workbook.save("final_modified_file.xls")

In this example, we first use openpyxl to read an existing Excel file, access and modify cell content. Then, we use xlwt to write the modified data to a new Excel file while auto-adjusting column widths based on the content. Please ensure you have both openpyxl and xlwt installed in your Python environment.

Examples

  1. "How to create an Excel file with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query focuses on creating a new Excel file using the xlwt library.
    • Explanation: xlwt is used to create .xls files in Excel format.
    • # Install xlwt pip install xlwt 
    • import xlwt # Create a workbook and a sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Sheet 1") # Write some data sheet.write(0, 0, "Hello, World!") # Save the workbook to a file workbook.save("example.xls")

  2. "How to write data to specific cells with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query focuses on writing data to specific cells in an Excel sheet using xlwt.
    • Explanation: Use the write method to specify the row and column for writing data.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Sheet 1") # Write data to specific cells sheet.write(1, 0, "Row 1, Col 0") sheet.write(1, 1, "Row 1, Col 1") sheet.write(2, 0, 42) # Write a number # Save the workbook workbook.save("write_to_cells.xls")

  3. "How to apply styles to cells with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query focuses on applying styles like fonts and colors to cells in an Excel sheet using xlwt.
    • Explanation: Use xlwt.easyxf to create and apply custom styles to cells.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Styled Sheet") # Define a style with a custom font style = xlwt.easyxf("font: bold on, color red; align: vert centre, horiz centre") # Write data with a style sheet.write(0, 0, "Styled Text", style) # Apply the style to a cell # Save the workbook workbook.save("styled_cells.xls")

  4. "How to merge cells with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query explores merging cells in an Excel sheet using xlwt.
    • Explanation: Use the merge method to merge a range of cells.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Merged Cells") # Merge cells and write data sheet.merge(1, 2, 0, 2) # Merge rows 1-2 and columns 0-2 sheet.write(1, 0, "Merged Text") # Write in the merged cell # Save the workbook workbook.save("merged_cells.xls")

  5. "How to auto-adjust column width with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query discusses how to automatically adjust the width of a column based on its content.
    • Explanation: Use the sheet.col(column_index).width = width_value to set the column width. To auto-adjust, determine the maximum length of the content.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Auto-adjust Column") data = ["Short", "A bit longer", "The longest piece of text in the column"] # Write data to a column and calculate max width max_width = 0 for row_index, text in enumerate(data): sheet.write(row_index, 0, text) if len(text) > max_width: max_width = len(text) # Adjust column width col_width = (max_width + 2) * 256 # Width is in 1/256th units sheet.col(0).width = col_width # Set column width # Save the workbook workbook.save("auto_adjust_column.xls")

  6. "How to add new sheets to an existing workbook with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query discusses adding multiple sheets to a workbook in xlwt.
    • Explanation: You can add sheets using workbook.add_sheet("Sheet Name").
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and add multiple sheets workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet1 = workbook.add_sheet("Sheet 1") sheet2 = workbook.add_sheet("Sheet 2") # Write data to different sheets sheet1.write(0, 0, "Data on Sheet 1") sheet2.write(0, 0, "Data on Sheet 2") # Save the workbook workbook.save("multiple_sheets.xls")

  7. "How to create and apply a named style with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query explores defining a named style that can be reused across multiple cells or sheets.
    • Explanation: Define a style with xlwt.easyxf and apply it where needed.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Styled Sheet") # Define a named style bold_style = xlwt.easyxf("font: bold on") # Write data with a named style sheet.write(0, 0, "Bold Text", bold_style) # Apply the bold style # Save the workbook workbook.save("named_style.xls")

  8. "How to use row height adjustment in xlwt in Python?"

    • This query discusses adjusting the row height in an Excel sheet using xlwt.
    • Explanation: Use sheet.row(row_index).height_mismatch = True and sheet.row(row_index).height = height_value to adjust the row height.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Row Height") # Set row height (height is in 1/20th of a point) row_height = 400 # 20 points (400 / 20 = 20) sheet.row(0).height_mismatch = True sheet.row(0).height = row_height # Adjust the row height # Write some data sheet.write(0, 0, "Adjusted Row Height") # Save the workbook workbook.save("row_height_adjusted.xls")

  9. "How to add formulas to cells with xlwt in Python?"

    • This query explores adding Excel formulas to cells using xlwt.
    • Explanation: Use sheet.write(row_index, col_index, xlwt.Formula("formula")) to insert a formula.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Formulas") # Write data and a formula sheet.write(0, 0, 10) # First value sheet.write(0, 1, 20) # Second value sheet.write(0, 2, xlwt.Formula("A1 + B1")) # Formula for the sum # Save the workbook workbook.save("excel_formulas.xls")

  10. "How to save and retrieve cell content in xlwt in Python?"

    • This query explores retrieving content from a cell and updating it before writing it back to the file.
    • Explanation: Although xlwt doesn't directly read existing Excel files, you can track cell data programmatically and update it as needed.
    • import xlwt # Create a new workbook and sheet workbook = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = workbook.add_sheet("Cell Content") # Write some initial content original_content = "Original Content" sheet.write(0, 0, original_content) # Simulate retrieving and updating content (no direct read support in xlwt) updated_content = original_content + " - Updated" # Write the updated content sheet.write(0, 0, updated_content) # Save the workbook workbook.save("updated_content.xls")

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