What's the best way to download file using urllib3

What's the best way to download file using urllib3

urllib3 is a powerful library for making HTTP requests in Python, including downloading files. Here's a step-by-step guide on how to download a file using urllib3:

  • Install urllib3 if you haven't already:
pip install urllib3
  • Import the necessary modules:
import urllib3
  • Create an urllib3.PoolManager instance, which manages the HTTP connections:
http = urllib3.PoolManager()
  • Specify the URL of the file you want to download:
url = 'https://example.com/path/to/your/file.txt'

Replace 'https://example.com/path/to/your/file.txt' with the actual URL of the file you want to download.

  • Send an HTTP GET request to the URL:
response = http.request('GET', url)

This sends a GET request to the specified URL and stores the response in the response variable.

  • Check if the request was successful (status code 200) and handle any errors:
if response.status == 200: # The request was successful # Proceed to download the file else: print(f"Error: {response.status} - {response.reason}")

You can handle different status codes and error scenarios as needed.

  • Download the file content and save it to a local file:
with open('downloaded_file.txt', 'wb') as file: file.write(response.data)

This code opens a local file named 'downloaded_file.txt' in binary write mode and writes the content of the HTTP response to it.

  • Close the HTTP response:
response.release_conn()
  • Complete the process:
print("File downloaded successfully.")

Here's the complete code:

import urllib3 # Create an urllib3 PoolManager instance http = urllib3.PoolManager() # Specify the URL of the file you want to download url = 'https://example.com/path/to/your/file.txt' # Send an HTTP GET request response = http.request('GET', url) # Check if the request was successful if response.status == 200: # Download the file and save it locally with open('downloaded_file.txt', 'wb') as file: file.write(response.data) # Close the HTTP response response.release_conn() print("File downloaded successfully.") else: print(f"Error: {response.status} - {response.reason}")

This code will download the file from the specified URL and save it as 'downloaded_file.txt' in the current working directory.

Examples

  1. How to Download a File from a URL with urllib3

    • Description: This query is about downloading a file from a given URL using urllib3.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 http = urllib3.PoolManager() url = "https://example.com/sample.txt" response = http.request("GET", url) with open("sample.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  2. How to Set Timeout When Downloading File with urllib3

    • Description: This query covers setting a timeout for downloading a file to prevent indefinite hangs.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 http = urllib3.PoolManager(timeout=5.0) # Timeout set to 5 seconds url = "https://example.com/slowfile.txt" response = http.request("GET", url) with open("slowfile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  3. How to Download a File with Custom Headers Using urllib3

    • Description: This query explores how to set custom headers while downloading a file with urllib3.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 http = urllib3.PoolManager() url = "https://example.com/securefile.txt" headers = { "Authorization": "Bearer YOUR_TOKEN", "User-Agent": "MyApp/1.0" } response = http.request("GET", url, headers=headers) with open("securefile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  4. How to Handle Redirects When Downloading Files with urllib3

    • Description: This query discusses handling HTTP redirects when downloading files.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 http = urllib3.PoolManager() url = "https://example.com/redirect" response = http.request("GET", url, redirect=True) # Enable redirect handling final_url = response.geturl() # The final URL after redirection print(f"Redirected to: {final_url}") with open("finalfile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  5. How to Handle SSL Certificates When Downloading Files with urllib3

    • Description: This query focuses on handling SSL certificates while downloading files securely.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 # Custom certificate verification http = urllib3.PoolManager(cert_reqs="REQUIRED", ca_certs="path/to/ca_bundle.crt") url = "https://secure.example.com/securefile.txt" response = http.request("GET", url) with open("securefile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  6. How to Download Large Files in Chunks Using urllib3

    • Description: This query addresses downloading large files in chunks to save memory and prevent timeouts.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 http = urllib3.PoolManager() url = "https://example.com/largefile.zip" chunk_size = 1024 # 1 KB response = http.request("GET", url, preload_content=False) with open("largefile.zip", "wb") as file: while True: data = response.read(chunk_size) if not data: break file.write(data) response.release_conn() # Release the connection when done

  7. How to Download Files Asynchronously with urllib3

    • Description: This query is about asynchronously downloading files using urllib3 to improve performance.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 import threading def download_file(url, file_path): http = urllib3.PoolManager() response = http.request("GET", url) with open(file_path, "wb") as file: file.write(response.data) urls = [ ("https://example.com/file1.txt", "file1.txt"), ("https://example.com/file2.txt", "file2.txt") ] threads = [threading.Thread(target=download_file, args=(url, path)) for url, path in urls] for thread in threads: thread.start() for thread in threads: thread.join() # Wait for all threads to finish

  8. How to Use Proxy for File Download with urllib3

    • Description: This query explores how to use a proxy server when downloading files with urllib3.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 proxy = urllib3.ProxyManager("http://proxy.example.com:8080") url = "https://example.com/protectedfile.txt" response = proxy.request("GET", url) with open("protectedfile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  9. How to Handle Authentication When Downloading Files with urllib3

    • Description: This query covers basic authentication or other methods of securing downloads.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 from urllib3.util.retry import Retry from urllib3.util.request import make_headers headers = make_headers(basic_auth="user:password") http = urllib3.PoolManager(headers=headers) url = "https://example.com/authfile.txt" response = http.request("GET", url) with open("authfile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data)

  10. How to Handle Errors When Downloading Files with urllib3

    • Description: This query discusses handling different types of errors or exceptions when downloading files.
    • Code:
      import urllib3 from urllib3.exceptions import HTTPError, MaxRetryError http = urllib3.PoolManager() url = "https://example.com/errorfile.txt" try: response = http.request("GET", url) if response.status != 200: raise HTTPError(f"Error: Status code {response.status}") with open("errorfile.txt", "wb") as file: file.write(response.data) except MaxRetryError: print("Error: Max retries exceeded") except HTTPError as e: print(f"HTTP Error: {e}") except Exception as e: print(f"An error occurred: {e}")

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