how to Fix spring boot one to many bidirectional infinity loop?

How to Fix spring boot one to many bidirectional infinity loop?

To fix the Spring Boot one-to-many bidirectional infinity loop issue, you need to manage the serialization and deserialization process properly. The most common approach is to use @JsonIgnore or @JsonManagedReference and @JsonBackReference annotations provided by Jackson, the default JSON library used by Spring Boot.

Let's assume you have two entities: Parent and Child with a bidirectional one-to-many relationship. Here's an example of how you can address the infinity loop:

@Entity public class Parent { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String name; @OneToMany(mappedBy = "parent", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true) @JsonManagedReference // Use this on the 'one' side (Parent side) private List<Child> children = new ArrayList<>(); // constructors, getters, setters } @Entity public class Child { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private Long id; private String childName; @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name = "parent_id") @JsonBackReference // Use this on the 'many' side (Child side) private Parent parent; // constructors, getters, setters }

In this example, the @JsonManagedReference annotation is used on the children property in the Parent class, and @JsonBackReference is used on the parent property in the Child class. These annotations help break the loop during the serialization process.

However, note that the @JsonBackReference and @JsonManagedReference annotations have been deprecated in more recent versions of Jackson. The recommended approach is to use @JsonIdentityInfo as follows:

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonIdentityInfo; import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.ObjectIdGenerators; @Entity @JsonIdentityInfo(generator = ObjectIdGenerators.PropertyGenerator.class, property = "id") public class Parent { // other fields and annotations remain the same } @Entity @JsonIdentityInfo(generator = ObjectIdGenerators.PropertyGenerator.class, property = "id") public class Child { // other fields and annotations remain the same }

This annotation will ensure that Jackson uses a unique identifier (in this case, the id property) to identify objects during serialization and deserialization, avoiding the infinite loop. Adjust the property used in @JsonIdentityInfo based on your entity's identifier property.

Examples

  1. "Spring Boot Jackson infinite loop in bidirectional relationship"

    • Code Implementation:
      @JsonIdentityInfo(generator = ObjectIdGenerators.PropertyGenerator.class, property = "id") public class ParentEntity { // ... }
      Description: Use @JsonIdentityInfo to break the infinite loop by assigning unique identifiers to each entity in the bidirectional relationship.

  2. "Spring Boot @JsonManagedReference and @JsonBackReference"

    • Code Implementation:
      public class ParentEntity { @JsonManagedReference private List<ChildEntity> children; // ... } public class ChildEntity { @JsonBackReference private ParentEntity parent; // ... }
      Description: Annotate the bidirectional relationship with @JsonManagedReference on the managing side and @JsonBackReference on the back-reference side.

  3. "Spring Boot DTO projection to avoid infinite loop"

    • Code Implementation:
      public class ParentDTO { private List<ChildDTO> children; // ... } public class ChildDTO { // ... }
      Description: Use Data Transfer Objects (DTOs) to project entities without circular references, preventing infinite loops.

  4. "Spring Boot FetchType.LAZY in bidirectional relationship"

    • Code Implementation:
      @OneToMany(mappedBy = "parent", fetch = FetchType.LAZY) private List<ChildEntity> children;
      Description: Set the fetch attribute to FetchType.LAZY in the @OneToMany annotation to load the children lazily, avoiding eager fetching and potential infinite loops.

  5. "Spring Boot @JsonIgnore on bidirectional relationship"

    • Code Implementation:
      @JsonIgnore private ParentEntity parent;
      Description: Use @JsonIgnore on one side of the bidirectional relationship to exclude it from serialization and break the infinite loop.

  6. "Spring Boot DTO with custom serialization"

    • Code Implementation:
      public class ParentDTO { @JsonSerialize(using = ChildListSerializer.class) private List<ChildDTO> children; // ... }
      Description: Implement a custom serializer (e.g., ChildListSerializer) for the children list to control the serialization and avoid infinite loops.

  7. "Spring Boot @JsonIdentityReference for deserialization"

    • Code Implementation:
      public class ParentEntity { @JsonIdentityReference(alwaysAsId = true) private List<ChildEntity> children; // ... }
      Description: Use @JsonIdentityReference on the collection to always serialize/deserialize as an ID, preventing circular references during deserialization.

  8. "Spring Boot disable Hibernate Lazy Loading in serialization"

    • Code Implementation:
      @OneToMany(mappedBy = "parent", fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JsonIgnoreProperties({"hibernateLazyInitializer", "handler"}) private List<ChildEntity> children;
      Description: Use @JsonIgnoreProperties to exclude Hibernate-specific properties during serialization, preventing lazy loading issues.

  9. "Spring Boot @Transactional(readOnly=true) in service method"

    • Code Implementation:
      @Transactional(readOnly = true) public List<ParentEntity> findAllParents() { // ... }
      Description: Use @Transactional(readOnly = true) on service methods to prevent lazy loading issues by ensuring entities are fully loaded within the transaction.

  10. "Spring Boot custom serializer for bidirectional relationship"

    • Code Implementation:
      public class ParentEntity { @JsonSerialize(using = ParentEntitySerializer.class) private List<ChildEntity> children; // ... }
      Description: Implement a custom serializer (e.g., ParentEntitySerializer) for the parent entity to control the serialization and handle the bidirectional relationship appropriately.

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