java - Spring @Transaction method call by the method within the same class?

Java - Spring @Transaction method call by the method within the same class?

In Spring, if you have a method within the same class that needs to call another method with a @Transactional annotation, the @Transactional behavior may not work as expected. This is because the @Transactional annotation operates by creating a proxy around the bean, and self-invocation won't trigger the transactional behavior.

To overcome this limitation, you can use Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) to call the transactional method from another method within the same class. Here's an example:

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; @Service public class YourService { @Transactional public void transactionalMethod() { // Your transactional logic here } public void callingTransactionalMethod() { // Call the transactional method using AOP transactionalMethod(); } }

In this example, callingTransactionalMethod is a non-transactional method that calls transactionalMethod. When callingTransactionalMethod is invoked, it delegates the call to transactionalMethod, and the @Transactional annotation is effectively applied.

Make sure that the callingTransactionalMethod is invoked from outside the YourService class (e.g., from a controller or another service) to ensure that the AOP proxy is applied.

If you are calling a transactional method from within the same class, and AOP is not an option, consider refactoring your logic to separate the transactional and non-transactional concerns into different methods. This can help improve code readability and maintainability.

Examples

  1. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method in the same class"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic self.innerMethod(); // ...more logic } public void innerMethod() { // ...logic called from within the transaction } }
    • Description: Use @Transactional on the outer method, and the inner method will participate in the same transaction.

  2. "Spring @Transaction propagate transaction to another method"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic innerMethod(); // ...more logic } public void innerMethod() { // ...logic called from within the transaction } }
    • Description: Annotate only the outer method with @Transactional to propagate the transaction to the inner method.

  3. "Spring @Transaction propagate transaction with method calling itself"

    • Code:
      @Service public class RecursiveTransactionalService { @Autowired private RecursiveTransactionalService self; @Transactional public void recursiveMethod(int depth) { // ...some logic if (depth > 0) { self.recursiveMethod(depth - 1); } // ...more logic } }
    • Description: Recursively call the same method, and each invocation participates in the same transaction.

  4. "Spring @Transaction method calling non-transactional method"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic nonTransactionalMethod(); // ...more logic } public void nonTransactionalMethod() { // ...logic not participating in the transaction } }
    • Description: Only the method annotated with @Transactional participates in the transaction; the non-transactional method doesn't.

  5. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method with propagation"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic self.innerMethodWithPropagation(); // ...more logic } @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW) public void innerMethodWithPropagation() { // ...logic in a new transaction } }
    • Description: Use Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW to run the inner method in a new transaction.

  6. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method with propagation and rollback"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic try { self.innerMethodWithPropagationAndRollback(); } catch (Exception e) { // Handle exception } // ...more logic } @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW, rollbackFor = Exception.class) public void innerMethodWithPropagationAndRollback() { // ...logic in a new transaction with rollback on exception throw new RuntimeException("Rollback this transaction"); } }
    • Description: Use Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW and rollbackFor to run the inner method in a new transaction with rollback on exception.

  7. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method with isolation level"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic self.innerMethodWithIsolationLevel(); // ...more logic } @Transactional(isolation = Isolation.READ_COMMITTED) public void innerMethodWithIsolationLevel() { // ...logic with a specific isolation level } }
    • Description: Use isolation to specify the isolation level for the inner method.

  8. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method with readOnly"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic self.innerMethodWithReadOnly(); // ...more logic } @Transactional(readOnly = true) public void innerMethodWithReadOnly() { // ...read-only logic } }
    • Description: Use readOnly to mark the inner method as read-only within the transaction.

  9. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method with custom propagation behavior"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic self.innerMethodWithCustomPropagation(); // ...more logic } @Transactional(propagation = CustomPropagationBehavior.class) public void innerMethodWithCustomPropagation() { // ...logic with custom propagation behavior } } public class CustomPropagationBehavior extends AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration { // ...implement custom propagation behavior }
    • Description: Implement a custom propagation behavior by extending AbstractTransactionManagementConfiguration and use it in the inner method.

  10. "Spring @Transaction method calling another method with custom rollback rule"

    • Code:
      @Service public class TransactionalService { @Autowired private TransactionalService self; @Transactional public void outerMethod() { // ...some logic self.innerMethodWithCustomRollbackRule(); // ...more logic } @Transactional(rollbackFor = CustomRollbackException.class) public void innerMethodWithCustomRollbackRule() { // ...logic with custom rollback rule throw new CustomRollbackException("Rollback this transaction"); } } public class CustomRollbackException extends RuntimeException { // ...custom rollback exception class }
    • Description: Use rollbackFor to specify a custom exception for which the transaction should be rolled back in the inner method.

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