python docx set table cell background and text color

Python docx set table cell background and text color

To set the background color and text color of cells in a table using the python-docx library in Python, you need to work with the Table and Cell objects provided by the library. Here's how you can set these properties:

Setting Background Color and Text Color in Table Cells with python-docx

  1. Install python-docx: If you haven't already installed python-docx, you can install it using pip:

    pip install python-docx

  2. Example Code: Here's an example that demonstrates how to create a table, set background color, and text color for cells using python-docx:

    from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor # Create a new Document doc = Document() # Add a table with 3 rows and 3 columns table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Access each cell and set background color and text color for row in table.rows: for cell in row.cells: # Set background color (light gray) cell.shading.color.rgb = RGBColor(217, 217, 217) # Set text color (dark blue) cell.text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 128) # Example content (you can add your own content) cell.text = "Cell content" # Save the document doc.save('colored_table.docx')

Explanation:

  • Importing Libraries:

    • from docx import Document: Imports the main Document class from python-docx for creating Word documents.
    • from docx.shared import RGBColor: Imports RGBColor to specify colors for background and text.

  • Creating Document and Table:

    • doc = Document(): Creates a new Word document.
    • table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3): Adds a table with 3 rows and 3 columns to the document.

  • Setting Cell Properties:

    • for row in table.rows: and for cell in row.cells:: Iterates through each cell in the table.
    • cell.shading.color.rgb = RGBColor(217, 217, 217): Sets the background color of the cell to a light gray (RGB values provided).
    • cell.text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 128): Sets the text color of the cell to dark blue (RGB values provided).

  • Adding Content:

    • cell.text = "Cell content": Sets example content for each cell. Replace this with your actual content.

  • Saving the Document:

    • doc.save('colored_table.docx'): Saves the document with the specified filename (colored_table.docx in this example).

Notes:

  • Adjust RGB values (RGBColor(217, 217, 217) and RGBColor(0, 0, 128)) to match the colors you want.
  • Ensure you have sufficient rows and columns (rows=3, cols=3 in this example) based on your needs.
  • This example demonstrates basic styling. For more complex formatting, refer to the python-docx documentation for additional features like borders, alignment, etc.

By following these steps, you can effectively set background color and text color for cells in a table using the python-docx library in Python. Adjust the example as per your specific requirements for creating styled tables in Word documents.

Examples

  1. Setting Background Color of a Table Cell

    • Description: Change the background color of a specific cell in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Access cell and set background color cell = table.cell(0, 0) cell.text = "Sample Text" cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0) # Red color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  2. Changing Text Color in a Table Cell

    • Description: Modify the text color of a cell in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Access cell and set text color cell = table.cell(0, 0) cell.text = "Sample Text" run = cell.paragraphs[0].runs[0] font = run.font font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 255, 0) # Green color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  3. Setting Background Color for Entire Table

    • Description: Apply a background color to all cells in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Set background color for all cells for row in table.rows: for cell in row.cells: cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 255, 0) # Yellow color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  4. Applying Different Colors to Alternate Rows

    • Description: Apply alternating background colors to rows in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Apply alternating row colors for i, row in enumerate(table.rows): if i % 2 == 0: color = RGBColor(200, 200, 200) # Light gray else: color = RGBColor(255, 255, 255) # White for cell in row.cells: cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  5. Setting Text Color Based on Cell Value

    • Description: Change the text color of cells based on their values in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Set text color based on cell value for row in table.rows: for cell in row.cells: if cell.text == 'Important': run = cell.paragraphs[0].runs[0] font = run.font font.color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0) # Red color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  6. Handling Conditional Background Colors

    • Description: Apply different background colors to cells based on conditions using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Apply background color based on condition for row in table.rows: for cell in row.cells: if cell.text.isdigit() and int(cell.text) > 5: cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 255, 0) # Green color elif cell.text.startswith('Error'): cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0) # Red color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  7. Setting Font Size and Style with Color

    • Description: Adjust font size, style, and color in a table cell using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import Pt, RGBColor from docx.enum.text import WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Set font size, style, and color cell = table.cell(0, 0) cell.text = "Sample Text" run = cell.paragraphs[0].runs[0] font = run.font font.size = Pt(12) font.bold = True font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 255) # Blue color cell.paragraphs[0].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # Center align doc.save('table_example.docx')

  8. Applying Background Color to Specific Rows

    • Description: Set a specific background color for selected rows in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Set background color for specific rows for i, row in enumerate(table.rows): if i == 0 or i == 2: # Change background color for first and last rows for cell in row.cells: cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0) # Red color doc.save('table_example.docx')

  9. Using Hexadecimal Colors for Cell Background

    • Description: Specify cell background colors using hexadecimal values in python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import RGBColor doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Set background color using hexadecimal values cell = table.cell(0, 0) cell.text = "Sample Text" cell.fill.solid() cell.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(0xFF, 0x00, 0x00) # Hexadecimal color (Red) doc.save('table_example.docx')

  10. Applying Gradient Background Colors

    • Description: Implement gradient background colors for cells in a table using python-docx.
    • Python Code:
      from docx import Document from docx.shared import Pt, RGBColor from docx.oxml.ns import nsdecls from docx.oxml import parse_xml doc = Document() table = doc.add_table(rows=3, cols=3) # Apply gradient background color cell = table.cell(0, 0) cell.text = "Gradient Example" shading_elm = parse_xml(r'<w:shd {} w:fill="D9D9D9" w:color="auto"/>'.format(nsdecls('w'))) cell._element.tcPr.append(shading_elm) doc.save('table_example.docx')

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