Spring Boot external WAR run in Apache Tomcat

Spring Boot external WAR run in Apache Tomcat

Running a Spring Boot application as an external WAR file in Apache Tomcat involves a few steps, especially since Spring Boot applications are typically packaged as executable JAR files. Here's how you can prepare and deploy your Spring Boot application as a WAR file to Apache Tomcat:

1. Update pom.xml for WAR Packaging:

First, you need to configure your Maven pom.xml file to build a WAR file instead of a JAR file. This involves making changes to the packaging type and configuring the Maven War Plugin.

<!-- pom.xml --> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <!-- Other configurations --> <packaging>war</packaging> <!-- Dependencies and plugins --> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <!-- Exclude the embedded container --> <configuration> <excludes> <exclude> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> </exclude> </excludes> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

2. Modify Spring Boot Application Class:

Ensure that your main application class extends SpringBootServletInitializer and overrides the configure method to configure the application when deployed as a WAR.

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer; @SpringBootApplication public class MyApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MyApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MyApplication.class, args); } }

3. Exclude Embedded Tomcat:

Since you are deploying to an external Tomcat instance, exclude the embedded Tomcat dependency from your Spring Boot application. This is achieved by specifying the exclusion in the spring-boot-maven-plugin configuration in pom.xml.

4. Build the WAR File:

Build the WAR file using Maven. Run the following command in your project directory:

mvn clean package

This command builds the WAR file, typically named your-application-name.war, located in the target directory of your project.

5. Deploy to Apache Tomcat:

Copy the WAR file (your-application-name.war) generated in the target directory to the webapps directory of your Apache Tomcat installation.

cp target/your-application-name.war /path/to/tomcat/webapps/

6. Start Apache Tomcat:

Start or restart Apache Tomcat to deploy your Spring Boot application:

/path/to/tomcat/bin/startup.sh # For Unix-like systems /path/to/tomcat/bin/startup.bat # For Windows

7. Access the Application:

Once Tomcat has started, access your Spring Boot application using the URL:

http://localhost:8080/your-application-name

Replace your-application-name with the context path of your application as configured in your Spring Boot application (server.servlet.context-path property in application.properties or application.yml).

Additional Considerations:

  • Context Path: Ensure that the context path in your application matches the WAR file name or customize it as needed.
  • Servlet Container: Make sure that the external Apache Tomcat version is compatible with your Spring Boot application dependencies.
  • Logging and Debugging: Check the Tomcat logs (catalina.out or localhost.log) for any deployment issues.

By following these steps, you should be able to successfully deploy your Spring Boot application as a WAR file to an external Apache Tomcat servlet container.

Examples

  1. Spring Boot Deploy WAR to External Tomcat

    Description: How to package a Spring Boot application as a WAR file and deploy it to an external Tomcat server.

    Code:

    @SpringBootApplication public class MySpringBootApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MySpringBootApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class, args); } } 
    <!-- pom.xml --> <packaging>war</packaging> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>

  2. Configure Spring Boot to Generate WAR File

    Description: Modify the Spring Boot project to generate a WAR file instead of a JAR file.

    Code:

    <!-- pom.xml --> <packaging>war</packaging>

  3. Spring Boot External Tomcat Configuration

    Description: Set up the Spring Boot application to be compatible with an external Tomcat server.

    Code:

    @SpringBootApplication public class MySpringBootApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MySpringBootApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class, args); } }

  4. Create Spring Boot WAR with Embedded and External Tomcat

    Description: Package a Spring Boot application as a WAR file that can run both embedded and on an external Tomcat server.

    Code:

    @SpringBootApplication public class MySpringBootApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MySpringBootApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class, args); } } 
    <!-- pom.xml --> <packaging>war</packaging> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>

  5. Deploy Spring Boot WAR to Tomcat 9

    Description: Steps to deploy a Spring Boot WAR file to Apache Tomcat 9.

    Code:

    @SpringBootApplication public class MySpringBootApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MySpringBootApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MySpringBootApplication.class, args); } }

    Deploy the generated WAR file to the webapps directory of Tomcat 9.

  6. Spring Boot WAR Deployment Configuration

    Description: Configure application properties for WAR deployment in Spring Boot.

    Code:

    server.port=8080 server.servlet.context-path=/myapp

  7. Exclude Embedded Tomcat in Spring Boot WAR

    Description: Exclude embedded Tomcat from the Spring Boot application to package it as a WAR for external Tomcat.

    Code:

    <!-- pom.xml --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>

  8. Spring Boot WAR File Structure

    Description: Ensure the correct file structure for a Spring Boot WAR file to run in an external Tomcat server.

    Code: Ensure your project has the following structure:

    src/main/java src/main/resources src/main/webapp

  9. Adding JSP Support to Spring Boot WAR

    Description: Add support for JSP pages in a Spring Boot application deployed as a WAR file.

    Code:

    <!-- pom.xml --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> </dependency>

    Ensure JSP files are placed in src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views.

  10. Spring Boot Multi-Module Project WAR Deployment

    Description: Package a multi-module Spring Boot project as a WAR file and deploy it to an external Tomcat server.

    Code: Ensure your parent pom.xml has the following packaging:

    <!-- Parent pom.xml --> <packaging>pom</packaging>

    In your module pom.xml, specify WAR packaging:

    <!-- Module pom.xml --> <packaging>war</packaging> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency>

    The main application class in your module should extend SpringBootServletInitializer and override the configure method:

    @SpringBootApplication public class MyModuleApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(MyModuleApplication.class); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(MyModuleApplication.class, args); } }

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