What is the difference between background, backgroundTint, backgroundTintMode attributes in android layout xml?

What is the difference between background, backgroundTint, backgroundTintMode attributes in android layout xml?

In Android, background, backgroundTint, and backgroundTintMode are attributes used to define the appearance and behavior of the background of a View in XML layouts. They serve different purposes and interact with each other in various ways:

1. android:background

  • Purpose: Defines the background drawable or color of a View.
  • Usage:
    • You can set a color using a hex color code (#RRGGBB or #AARRGGBB for alpha transparency).
    • You can specify a drawable resource (@drawable/your_drawable).
    • Allows setting different states and transitions through selector drawables (@drawable/your_selector).

Example:

<TextView android:id="@+id/textview" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#FF0000" />

2. android:backgroundTint

  • Purpose: Applies a tint to the background drawable or color defined by android:background.
  • Usage:
    • It affects the appearance of the background drawable or color by blending it with the specified tint color.
    • Useful for applying dynamic color effects or states.

Example:

<TextView android:id="@+id/textview" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/your_drawable" android:backgroundTint="#00FF00" />

3. android:backgroundTintMode

  • Purpose: Specifies how the tint color specified by android:backgroundTint should be applied to the background drawable or color.
  • Usage:
    • Supports different blending modes (src, src_over, src_in, src_atop, multiply, screen, add, etc.).
    • Defines how the tint color interacts with the original background color or drawable.

Example:

<TextView android:id="@+id/textview" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="@drawable/your_drawable" android:backgroundTint="#00FF00" android:backgroundTintMode="multiply" />

Differences and Interactions

  • android:background is the primary attribute defining the visual background of a View.

  • android:backgroundTint and android:backgroundTintMode modify how the background defined by android:background appears:

    • android:backgroundTint applies a color tint to the background.
    • android:backgroundTintMode specifies how the tint color interacts with the original background.

  • Compatibility: android:backgroundTint and android:backgroundTintMode were introduced in API level 21 (Lollipop), so they may not be available on older devices.

  • Best Practices:

    • Use android:background for setting the main background drawable or color.
    • Use android:backgroundTint and android:backgroundTintMode for applying dynamic color effects or states to the background.

Understanding these attributes allows you to effectively control the visual appearance and behavior of backgrounds in Android XML layouts, accommodating various design and interaction requirements.

Examples

  1. Android background attribute example

    Description: How to set the background attribute in Android XML layout files to define the background drawable or color of a view.

    Code:

    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button with Background" android:background="@drawable/my_background" />

    In this example, @drawable/my_background refers to a drawable resource that defines the background appearance of the Button.

  2. Android backgroundTint attribute usage

    Description: How to use the backgroundTint attribute in Android XML layout files to apply a color tint to the background drawable of a view.

    Code:

    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button with Background Tint" android:background="@drawable/my_background" android:backgroundTint="@color/tint_color" />

    Here, @color/tint_color specifies the color tint applied to the background drawable (@drawable/my_background) of the Button.

  3. Android backgroundTintMode attribute example

    Description: How to use the backgroundTintMode attribute in Android XML layout files to specify the blending mode for applying the background tint.

    Code:

    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button with Background Tint Mode" android:background="@drawable/my_background" android:backgroundTint="@color/tint_color" android:backgroundTintMode="multiply" />

    In this example, android:backgroundTintMode="multiply" specifies that the tint color (@color/tint_color) should be multiplied with the background drawable (@drawable/my_background).

  4. Android backgroundTintMode example

    Description: Example of using different backgroundTintMode values in Android XML layout files.

    Code:

    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button with Different Tint Modes" android:background="@drawable/my_background" android:backgroundTint="@color/tint_color" android:backgroundTintMode="multiply" />

    Replace "multiply" with any of the listed modes to observe how the tint color interacts with the background drawable.

  5. Android backgroundTintMode src_over

    Description: Explanation and usage of the src_over mode for the backgroundTintMode attribute in Android XML layout files.

    Code:

    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button with src_over Tint Mode" android:background="@drawable/my_background" android:backgroundTint="@color/tint_color" android:backgroundTintMode="src_over" />

    This mode draws the source over the destination, typically used as the default behavior.

  6. Android backgroundTintMode src_in

    Description: Explanation and usage of the src_in mode for the backgroundTintMode attribute in Android XML layout files.

    Code:

    <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Button with src_in Tint Mode" android:background="@drawable/my_background" android:backgroundTint="@color/tint_color" android:backgroundTintMode="src_in" />

    This mode shows the source where the destination is opaque, useful for creating cut-out effects in the background.

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