Html5 apis

HTML5 APIs Tuesday, February 26, 13

Web Tech History 1991 HTML 1994 HTML2 1996 CSS1 + JavaScript 1997 HTML4 1998 CSS2 2000 XHTML1 2002 Tableless Web Design 2005 Ajax 2009 HTML5 Tuesday, February 26, 13

HTML5 What Syntactical Features (audio, video) Semantical Features (section, article) New APIs Tuesday, February 26, 13

HTML5 How Progressive Enhancements Existing web sites can move to HTML5 Old browsers will still be able to use the page Modernizr: http://www.modernizr.com/ Tuesday, February 26, 13

HTML5 New APIs Web Storage Geolocation Web SQL Device Orientation Application Cache Form Enhancements Web Workers Audio, Video Web Socket Canvas Desktop Notiﬁcations Web GL Drag & Drop History API File System API And More... Tuesday, February 26, 13

Modernizr: Before We Begin Script Loader Feature Detector Tuesday, February 26, 13

Hello Modernizr Modernizr.load({ test: 3 > 5, yep : 'http://code.jquery.com/ jquery-1.9.1.min.js', nope: 'http://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ ajax/libs/zepto/1.0rc1/zepto.min.js' }); Tuesday, February 26, 13

More Loader Features Specify only “yep” or “nope” Provide array Complete callback Demo: http://jsbin.com/abowap/2/edit Tuesday, February 26, 13

polyfill (n): a JavaScript shim that replicates the standard API for older browsers Tuesday, February 26, 13

Feature Detection Modernizr.applicationcache Modernizr.canvas Modernizr.audio Modernizr.inputtypes Demo: http://jsbin.com/abowap/3/edit Tuesday, February 26, 13

Feature Detection + Polyﬁll Modernizr.load({ test: Modernizr.input.placeholder, nope: [ 'placeholder_polyfill.min.css', 'placeholder_polyfill.jquery.min.combo.js' ] }); Tuesday, February 26, 13

Ofﬂine Storage Work Ofﬂine Store Persistent State Tuesday, February 26, 13

Local Data Storage How do you store data on a client’s machine ? Tuesday, February 26, 13

Cookies ? Tuesday, February 26, 13

Server Client Tuesday, February 26, 13

Local Storage Before HTML5: cookies were used to store data on the client side Cookies Disadvantages: Limited size (4k) Sent with every request Complex to use Tuesday, February 26, 13

Local Storage A JavaScript API for storing client side data Can store up to 5MB (per site) Simple API Never run out of space Tuesday, February 26, 13

Local Storage Store Data window.localStorage.setItem(“key”, “value”); Read Data window.localStorage.getItem(“key”); Remove Data window.localStorage.removeItem(“key”); Tuesday, February 26, 13

Local Storage Can also use direct access on the storage object, so this code also works: window.localStorage.username = “Jimmy”; var username = window.localStorage.username; console.log(‘Hello ‘ + username); Tuesday, February 26, 13

Local Storage Methods: clear() key(idx) length() Tuesday, February 26, 13

Session Storage Interface is the same as localStorage Lifetime is only for the current browser window or tab (or browser session) Best used for temporary preferences that should not be shared between tabs Tuesday, February 26, 13

Storage Lab We’ll implement an address book app Keeps a list of contacts info: name, phone number, email Provide add/view/delete contacts Tuesday, February 26, 13

Storage Lab Use the starter: https://github.com/ynonp/advanced-fed- examples/tree/master/contacts Tuesday, February 26, 13

Offline Web App Online-Offline Apps Sync with the Cloud, but can suffer a downtime (Think Google Gears) Can run completely offline app as a standalone Mobile - Save bandwidth Tuesday, February 26, 13

Ofﬂine Web App GET MANIFEST CACHE MANIFEST index.html style/main.css script/main.js Tuesday, February 26, 13

Cache Manifest File Lists all the ﬁles that should be stored for oﬄine access Enable with: <html manifest="example.appcache"> Tuesday, February 26, 13

example.appcache CACHE MANIFEST Required header index.html CACHE MANIFEST stylesheet.css A list of cached ﬁles images/logo.png scripts/main.js Tuesday, February 26, 13

Demo Caching A Website Tuesday, February 26, 13

Ofﬂine Web App The cache manifest is divided to sections, the default is called CACHE Every ﬁle listed in the default CACHE section will be cached by the browser forever (or until explicitly deleted by the user) Tuesday, February 26, 13

Ofﬂine Web App The NETWORK section lists ﬁles that should never be cached Best used for dynamic content (think gmail) Tuesday, February 26, 13

Ofﬂine Web App The FALLBACK section lists fallback content that should be used if network is not available So, if you’re trying to read a message while oﬄine, you can get a nice formatted error page Tuesday, February 26, 13

Manifest Cache Cache the ﬁle locally, CACHE never refresh Files should not be NETWORK cached Cache a fallback FALLBACK content Tuesday, February 26, 13

Ofﬂine App Exercise A Dynamic reader with two pages First lists available articles, the second displays a given article Use your favorite server side technology and jQM Which ﬁles do you put in each manifest section ? Tuesday, February 26, 13

Manifest - The Good Can store any ﬁle locally Provides oﬄine/online app functionality Transparent to the user Tuesday, February 26, 13

Manifest - The Bad Not suitable for data storage Complex update logic Tuesday, February 26, 13

Web SQL The ﬁnal storage option for oﬄine apps is the Web SQL Allows using a local database to better store relational data Best suited for hierarchical lists apps Tuesday, February 26, 13

Q&A Storage Geo Location Video Canvas Tuesday, February 26, 13

Geo Location Detect where your user is now Show nearby places Display location aware data Tuesday, February 26, 13

Technologies GPS A-GPS Cell Information WiFi Positioning Tuesday, February 26, 13

GPS Global Positioning System Accuracy error: 2-10m Requires clear sky view Time to position: 5 seconds - 5 minutes Tuesday, February 26, 13

A-GPS Uses both GPS chip and network information to get location Much faster to get location Tuesday, February 26, 13

Cell Information Uses cell towers to calculate a device’s location Accuracy: A block or up to some km Time to location: immediate Tuesday, February 26, 13

WiFi Positioning Detect location using a list of wireless routers in your area Relies on existing router databases Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location API Supported Platforms: iPhone 3.0+ Android 2.0+ Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location API function get_location() { navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition(show_map); } function show_map(position) { var lat = position.coords.latitude; var long = position.coords.longitude; var when = position.timestamp; // show me the map } Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location API navigator.geolocation is the entry point for all location related calls Location querying is async, so a callback is supplied User will be asked permission to share location Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location API iPhone browser asks user permissions before sharing location Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location API Location API uses callbacks to perform error handling When working with location, always consider errors Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location API getCurrentPosition( successCallback, optional errorCallback, optional config ); Tuesday, February 26, 13

The Coord object coords.latitude coords.longitude coords.altitude coords.accuracy coords.altitudeAccuracy coords.heading coords.speed timestamp Tuesday, February 26, 13

The Coord Object Not all ﬁelds will be available at all times Sizes are speciﬁed in meters and degrees timestamp is a DOMTimestamp (acts like a Date object) Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location Config last parameter to getCurrentPosition is a config object there are 3 configuration options available: timeout maximumAge enableHighAccuracy Tuesday, February 26, 13

Using Conﬁg window.navigator.geolocation.getCurrentPosition( successCallback, failureCallback, How long to wait before giving up { timeout : 0, (in ms) maximumAge : 60000, Try to use a cached value aged (in ms) enableHighAccuracy : false }); Use the most accurate positioning method Tuesday, February 26, 13

Handle Errors The errorCallback takes a single argument called error object The object has two ﬁelds: error.code & error.message Use error.message for debug only Tuesday, February 26, 13

Next: The Map Tuesday, February 26, 13

Show The Map On the iPhone, a redirect to a google maps url starts the map application The Good: easy to use The Bad: user leaves the app Tuesday, February 26, 13

Google Maps API A JS API to display embedded maps in web sites Works on both desktop and mobile devices (Almost) Free to use Tuesday, February 26, 13

Google Maps API Assign a special empty div that will contain the map. recommended size of the div is entire page. Display the map by creating a google.maps.Map object Place markers on the map using google.maps.Marker Full documentation: http://developer.google.com/apis/maps/ documentation/javascript/ Tuesday, February 26, 13

Google Maps API Maps Workﬂow: Choose a div Create a new google.maps.Map(...) Remember to set minimum height on the div Tuesday, February 26, 13

Objects To Note google.maps.LatLng - represents a latitude/ longitude pair Methods: lat() returns the lat value lng() returns the long value Tuesday, February 26, 13

Objects To Note google.maps.Map( element, options ) Interesting Methods: panBy( x, y ) - move the map by x,y panTo( latlng ) - move the map to latlng setZoom( zoom ) Tuesday, February 26, 13

Objects To Note google.maps.MapOptions: conﬁguration object Interesting options center: latlng disableDefaultUI: boolean draggable: boolean mapTypeId: HYBRID, ROADMAP, SATELLITE Tuesday, February 26, 13

Demo Show Location On Map Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location Tracking Receive notiﬁcations about location changes Can use for navigation apps, sport apps, and more Browser must remain open Tuesday, February 26, 13

Location Tracking use watchPosition to start watching a user’s position The method returns a watch id. Keep it. When tracking is no longer needed, use clearWatch with the watch id to stop. The callback of watchPosition will get called every time location has changed Tuesday, February 26, 13

Exercise: Where’s My Car Write a parking reminder app One button titled “parked” which marks current location and keeps it in local storage Another button titled “ﬁnd” which shows a map leading to your car Keep data in local storage Tuesday, February 26, 13

Q&A Storage Geo Location (iPhone, Android) Video & Audio (iPhone, Android) Canvas (iPhone, Android) Tuesday, February 26, 13

VIDEO THE EASY WAY Tuesday, February 26, 13

Video Tag HTML5 introduces a <video> tag to embed videos in a web page. Diﬀerent browsers support diﬀerent video formats. The <video> tag can specify multiple formats. Tuesday, February 26, 13

Video Formats Video formats are like languages The same video can be encoded in diﬀerent formats A browser must “speak the language” to be able to play the video Tuesday, February 26, 13

Video Converter Miro is a free open source video player and converter http:// www.getmiro.com Tuesday, February 26, 13

Browser Support HTML5 spec does not deﬁne a video codec to use h.264 is the most widely supported. Plays on iPhone and Android Tuesday, February 26, 13

The Markup Poster image ﬁle name <video poster=”star.png”> <source src=”zebra.mp4” /> Video ﬁle name. Usually mp4 </video> for mobile devices Tuesday, February 26, 13

Limitations Video will start playing in a dedicated “player” window, when the user taps it It is not possible to auto play the video on mobile It is not possible to embed other content on the video on mobile Tuesday, February 26, 13

Audio Tag Structured like a Video tag iPhone and Android support MP3 No autoplay Tuesday, February 26, 13

Lab Audio SoundBoard Use Animal Sounds: http://apps.ynonperek.com/ audio.zip Images: http:// apps.ynonperek.com/images.zip Use starter: https://github.com/ynonp/ mobileweb-examples/blob/ master/html5/SoundBoard/ audioboard_starter.html Tuesday, February 26, 13

Q&A Storage Geo Location Video & Audio Canvas (iPhone, Android) Tuesday, February 26, 13

CANVAS Tuesday, February 26, 13

HTML5 Canvas A 2d graphics canvas for HTML apps Games Dynamic images Client-side painting (saves bandwidth) Tuesday, February 26, 13

Hello Canvas An HTML element <canvas> on the markup JS code to do actual painting Tuesday, February 26, 13

Hello Canvas The canvas element has no content and no border of its own A canvas keeps a painting context on which we perform the drawing First example uses context.fillText() examples/canvas/intro.html Tuesday, February 26, 13

Basic Drawing Context object provides the drawing functions. Each takes coordinates and data. Drawing style is determined by setting attributes on the context object. Most style properties are plain text strings Tuesday, February 26, 13

Coordinate System Tuesday, February 26, 13

Drawing Rectangles Let’s start with drawing rectangles fillRect(x, y, w, h) note fillRect draws a strokeRect(x, y, w, h) filled rectangle, while clearRect(x, y, w, h) strokeRect draws just the outline fillStyle and strokeStyle determine the colors Tuesday, February 26, 13

Demo: Rects Tuesday, February 26, 13

Drawing Paths A composite shape on the canvas is called “path” Paths are made of lines, arcs, curves and rectangles A path can be ﬁlled or stoked. Nothing is painted until either ﬁll() or stroke() is called Tuesday, February 26, 13

Drawing Paths moveTo(x, y) Lines are painted with lineTo and moveTo lineTo(x, y) stroke() performs the actual drawing Tuesday, February 26, 13

Lines Example ctx.beginPath(); ctx.strokeStyle = "hsl(249, 41%, 50%)"; ctx.lineWidth = 6; ctx.moveTo(0, 0); ctx.lineTo(20, 10); ctx.lineTo(0, 20); ctx.stroke(); Cool Color Selector: http://motherefﬁnghsl.com/ Tuesday, February 26, 13

Using The Image It’s possible to use an image drawn in a canvas for other elements get the image url using: canvas.toDataURL() use image url as a source attribute of an img tag Extra: draw on a hidden canvas Tuesday, February 26, 13

Drawing Circles use arc() and arcTo() to arc(x, y, radius, draw circles or parts of startAngle, them endAngle, antiClockWise) Degrees are speciﬁed in radians. arcTo(x1, y1, Math.PI = 180 deg x2, y2, radius) remember to ﬁll() or stroke() Tuesday, February 26, 13

Exercise 1 Draw the image on the right Use moveTo and arc Bonus: add colors Tuesday, February 26, 13

Exercise 2 Draw the image on the right Place pins randomly across the screen Tuesday, February 26, 13

Advanced Canvas Transformations Image Filters Tuesday, February 26, 13

Transformations supported translate(x, y) transformations: translation, scaling, rotate(angle) rotation scale(x, y) Transformations aﬀect all drawing code performed after them Tuesday, February 26, 13

Translation Move the origin of the canvas to another point on the canvas The new point is now (0, 0) This can make drawing code simpler Tuesday, February 26, 13

Translation Example Use translation to paint the four painted rectangles on the right examples/html5/canvas/translate.html Tuesday, February 26, 13

Scaling scales the rendering context size x and y are scale factors translate before scale to maintain position Tuesday, February 26, 13

Scale Example examples/html5/canvas/scale.html Tuesday, February 26, 13

Rotation Rotates a shape around its (0, 0) point of origin Angle is speciﬁed in radians. Math.PI = 180 deg (half a circle) Math.PI / 4 = 45 deg Translate before rotate to maintain position Tuesday, February 26, 13

Example: Rotation ctx.translate(75,75); for (var i=1;i<6;i++){ ctx.save(); ctx.fillStyle = 'rgb('+(51*i)+','+(255-51*i)+',255)'; for (var j=0;j<i*6;j++){ // draw individual dots ctx.rotate(Math.PI*2/(i*6)); ctx.beginPath(); ctx.arc(0,i*12.5,5,0,Math.PI*2,true); ctx.fill(); } ctx.restore(); } Tuesday, February 26, 13

Example: Rotation The background was painted with a gradient ctx.save(); ﬁll var grad = ctx.createLinearGradient(0, 0, 150, 0); grad.addColorStop(0, "#888"); grad.addColorStop(1, "#eee"); Notice the save() and ctx.fillStyle = grad; restore() at the ctx.fillRect(0, 0, 150, 150); ctx.fill(); beginning and end. ctx.restore(); Now we can put the code inside a function, and it won’t aﬀect outside code Tuesday, February 26, 13

Exercise Draw the clock on the right Use rotate and translate to simplify calculations Bonus: Show the time Tuesday, February 26, 13

Image Filters Tuesday, February 26, 13

Drawing Images on Canvas It’s possible to paint a png or jpeg image on a canvas using drawImage Canvas also lets JS code take the pixels from the image into an array. Using this array, we can transform the pixels and write the result to a new canvas The operation is called ﬁltering Tuesday, February 26, 13

Image Drawing API drawImage(image, x, y) paint an entire image object on the canvas at position (x,y) drawImage(image, x, y, w, h) paint an entire image object on the canvas, scaling it to size (w,h) drawImage(image, sx, sy, sw, sh, dx, dy, dw, dh) paint a slice of the image on a canvas, can use dw,dh to scale Tuesday, February 26, 13

Drawing Images and File API Use input type=”ﬁle” to upload a photo from the phone’s camera or gallery Access the image and paint it on a canvas using HTML5 File API Tuesday, February 26, 13

Reading The Photo FileReader is used to read a photo from the input field reader.readAsDataURL( input_field ) - reads the data reader emits load event when done Example: http://jsfiddle.net/influenztial/qy7h5/ Tuesday, February 26, 13

Image Filters For the next few slides, we’ll create a Filters object. Each ﬁlter is a function of that Filters object The Filters object is responsible for reading pixel data and interacting with the canvas A ﬁlter function takes pixel data and manipulates it Tuesday, February 26, 13

Filters Code When testing on desktop, some canvas.toDataURL() browsers will throw ctx.getImageData(sx, sy, sw, sh) security exceptions if ctx.putImageData(data, dx, dy) the page is read locally. Code: examples/html5/canvas/ﬁlters.html Tuesday, February 26, 13

Canvas Exercise Implement a mobile drawing app using the canvas and touch events App should have a footer with a selection of colors. Tapping a color sets current color Tapping anywhere on screen should draw in the selected color Bonus: share photo on server Tuesday, February 26, 13

HTML5 Drag & Drop Tuesday, February 26, 13

HTML5 Drag & Drop Started back in IE5 Still wrong Tuesday, February 26, 13

Check Support if (Modernizr.draganddrop) { // Browser supports HTML5 DnD. } else { // Fallback to a library solution. } Tuesday, February 26, 13

Draggable Content <div id="columns"> <div class="column" draggable="true"><header>A</header></div> <div class="column" draggable="true"><header>B</header></div> <div class="column" draggable="true"><header>C</header></div> </div> Selections, img and anchors with href are draggable by default Tuesday, February 26, 13

Some CSS Extras [draggable] { -moz-user-select: none; -khtml-user-select: none; -webkit-user-select: none; user-select: none; cursor: move; } Tuesday, February 26, 13

And The Fun Part 7 Dragging Events: dragstart, drag, dragenter, dragleave, dragover drop dragend Tuesday, February 26, 13

For drop events: cancel defaults for dragover and dragenter Tuesday, February 26, 13

Demo1: Dropzone Prevent default from bad events Handle good event http://jsbin.com/oberec/1/edit Tuesday, February 26, 13

Alerting Drop Zone Use dragenter and dragleave to alert user they’re in the drop zone Demo: http://jsbin.com/oberec/4/edit Tuesday, February 26, 13

Transferring Data function handleDragStart(e) { e.dataTransfer.setData('text/html', this.innerHTML); } function handleDrop(e) { e.stopPropagation(); this.innerHTML = e.dataTransfer.getData('text/html'); return false; } Tuesday, February 26, 13

Other dataTransfer Use e.dataTransfer.ﬁles to get data dragged from desktop function handleDrop(e) { e.stopPropagation(); e.preventDefault(); var files = e.dataTransfer.files; for (var i = 0, f; f = files[i]; i++) { // Read the File objects in this FileList. } } Tuesday, February 26, 13

Other dataTransfer Use setData to allow dragging “out of” the browser var file = document.getElementById("dragout"); file.addEventListener("dragstart",function(evt){ evt.dataTransfer.setData("DownloadURL",fileDetails); },false); Tuesday, February 26, 13

Thank You Slides By: Ynon Perek ynon@ynonperek.com ynonperek.com Tuesday, February 26, 13

Html5 apis

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

Similar to Html5 apis

More from Ynon Perek

Recently uploaded

Html5 apis