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![High Availability – A Definition High Availability (HA) [Computer System] The ability of a system to perform its function continuously (without interruption) for a significantly longer period of time than the reliabilities of its individual components would suggest. High availability is most often achieved through failure tolerance. High availability is not an easily quantifiable term. Both the bounds of a system that is called highly available and the degree to which its availability is extraordinary must be clearly understood on a case-by-case basis. Failure Tolerance [Computer System]: The ability of a system to continue to perform its function (possibly at a reduced performance level) when one or more of its components has failed. (https://www.snia.org/education/dictionary/f#failure_tolerance) https://www.snia.org/education/dictionary This definition does not consider planned maintenance per se… Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/haacrosseditionsukougjul19small-190711181912/75/Oracle-Database-Availability-Scalability-Across-Versions-Editions-7-2048.jpg)
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Oracle Database Availability & Scalability Across Versions & Editions
The document outlines Oracle's database availability and scalability features across different editions including Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition 2, Personal Edition, and Express Edition. It highlights high availability (HA) definitions, features, and architectures, emphasizing the transition from SE2 RAC support to alternative options like the Oracle Cloud Autonomous Database for improved functionality. Recommendations for upgrading and migrating SE2 RAC databases are also discussed, alongside the importance of HA capabilities for critical workloads.
Oracle Database Availability & Scalability Across Versions & Editions
- 1. Copyright © 2019,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Oracle Database Availability & Scalability Across Versions and Editions Markus Michalewicz, Senior Director of Product Management, Database High Availability & Scalability Solutions, ST Development July 2, 2019 Markus.Michalewicz@oracle.com @OracleRACpm http://www.linkedin.com/in/markusmichalewicz http://www.slideshare.net/MarkusMichalewicz
- 2. Safe Harbor Statement Thepreceding is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality, and should not be relied upon in making purchasing decisions. The development, release, and timing of any features or functionality described for Oracle’s products remains at the sole discretion of Oracle. Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 2
- 3. Oracle Database Availability& Scalability Across Versions and Editions Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 3
- 4. Oracle Database Editions ORACLEDATABASE EE ORACLE DATABASE SE2 ORACLE DATABASE PERSONAL EDITION ORACLE DATABASE XE Target High-volume online transaction processing (OLTP) applications, query-intensive data warehouses. Small business, workgroup and web applications Development Development CPU Limits 1 CPU to Unlimited 2 CPU Sockets N/A 2 Cores Memory Limits Unlimited* Unlimited* Unlimited* 2GB SGA Storage Limits Unlimited* Unlimited* Unlimited* 12GB Storage Database Options All options can be licensed None All options available minus RAC and Diagnostic and Tuning Pack All options available minus Data Guard & RAC Licensed By Core Socket Named User Free Platform Support Linux, Windows, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX Linux, Windows, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX Windows and Linux Windows and Linux * Limited by underlying operating system Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 4
- 5. Oracle Database ExpressEdition “Capacity limited EE Test Edition” Oracle Database Standard Edition “Sound Single Instance Foundation” Oracle Database Enterprise Edition “All Inclusive + Options” Oracle Grows with Business Demands Export / Import Upgrade Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 5
- 6. Oracle Database Availability& Scalability Across Versions and Editions Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 6
- 7. High Availability –A Definition High Availability (HA) [Computer System] The ability of a system to perform its function continuously (without interruption) for a significantly longer period of time than the reliabilities of its individual components would suggest. High availability is most often achieved through failure tolerance. High availability is not an easily quantifiable term. Both the bounds of a system that is called highly available and the degree to which its availability is extraordinary must be clearly understood on a case-by-case basis. Failure Tolerance [Computer System]: The ability of a system to continue to perform its function (possibly at a reduced performance level) when one or more of its components has failed. (https://www.snia.org/education/dictionary/f#failure_tolerance) https://www.snia.org/education/dictionary This definition does not consider planned maintenance per se… Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 7
- 8. Copyright © 2019,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | High Availability – A Lot of Features https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/dblic/Licensing-Information.html#GUID-0F9EB85D-4610-4EDF-89C2-4916A0E7AC87 Note 2: Excerpt only Note 1: Any database solution on the market has an HA solution / story 8
- 9. Production Site ActiveStandby Site 101010101010101010101RAC / RAC One Flashback Edition Based Redefinition GoldenGate Active Data Guard Recovery Appliance Sharding Global Data Services Backup Scalability High Availability Zero Downtime Zero Data Loss Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA) Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 9
- 10. MAA Reference Architectures MeetDowntime (RTO) and Data Loss (RPO) SLAs Downtime&DataLoss BRONZE Single Instance + Backup Dev, Test, Prod SILVER HA Clustering + Backup Prod/Departmental GOLD HA Clustering + Disaster Recovery + Backup Mission Critical PLATINUM Zero Data Loss & Zero Downtime Extreme Critical MAA Reference Architectures Topology Suitable Databases Addresses SLAs for Data Loss and Downtime during Planned & Unplanned Outages Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 10
- 11. Single Instance Database Database Files Bronze : SingleInstance Database with Backups Low Cost MAA Solution for customers that can tolerate longer recovery times or outages Replicated backup Bronze Summary • Single instance database with auto-restart capabilities • MAA backup and restore best practices • Restore from backup to resume service following unrecoverable outages Features • Oracle Restart Capabilities • Multitenant Database with PDB features • Online Maintenance • Corruption Protection • Flashback Technologies • Recovery Manager (RMAN) • Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance Primary Datacenter Remote Datacenter Local backup Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 11
- 12. Online Operations DBMS_REDEFINITION allowsyou to reorganize and redefine tables online • Add/drop/rename/reorder columns • Switch physical storage structures • Reorganize & transform data while online Additional Benefits of using DBMS_REDEFINITION • Fault Tolerant (resume at point of failure) and track changes to enable fast rollback to prior definition • Entire redefinition process runs without acquiring Exclusive DDL lock • Monitor reorganization using V$online_redef Online Redefinition Improvements Source Table Update Tracking TransformCopy Table Transform Updates Result Table Continuous Queries & Updates Store Updates Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 12
- 13. Validation, Detection andRepair in Memory, during I/O and on Disk Data Corruption Protection for Oracle Databases • DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM, DB_BLOCK_CHECKING – Compute checksum on change and catches corruptions in memory – Validate checksum on read and update (DETECTION) – Prevents corrupted block to be written to disk (PREVENTION) – Recover using good data block and redo (REPAIR) • Automatic Storage Management – Data Corruption or I/O error triggers repair (DETECTION/REPAIR) – Reads extent copies for good copy (PREVENTION of ERROR) – Good writes can correct existing corruptions (REPAIR) Bad SCN Good SCN Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 13
- 14. Rewind Button forthe Oracle Databases Flashback Technologies • Fast point-in-time recovery (PITR) without expensive restore operation • Error investigation – View data as of previous point in time • Error correction – Back-out a transaction – Incorrect table updates – Rewind the entire database @T2 Col-1 Col-.. Col-n Row-1 tom 1234 vp Row-2 ben 8834 vp Row-3 charlie 9837 vp Row-n tom 8793 vp @T1 Col-1 Col-.. Col-n Row-1 abby 1234 officer Row-2 ben 8834 mgr Row-3 Charlie 9837 officer Row-n tom 8793 vp Wrong Update Flashback Table DB @ T1 DB @ T2 Batch Update Flashback Database Wrong Update Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 14
- 15. Online Operation, Block-levelRecovery & Flashback Are not part of Standard Edition Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 15
- 16. High Availability FeaturesAvailable in Standard Edition Oracle Fail Safe https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/ntqrf/deprecation-of-oracle-fail-safe.html#GUID-FB1CB9F6-F520-4772-9DBF-24CD70D0D628 Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 16
- 17. Oracle Database Availability& Scalability Across Versions and Editions Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 17
- 18. Features Across Versions https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/ Copyright© 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 18
- 19. Features Across Versions https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/ Copyright© 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 19
- 20. Oracle Database Availability& Scalability Across Versions and Editions Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 20
- 21. Scalability – AFew Features https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/dblic/Licensing-Information.html#GUID-0F9EB85D-4610-4EDF-89C2-4916A0E7AC87 Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 21
- 22. RAC / RAC One Database Database FilesLocal backup Silver : Active/Active Database Clustering Replicated backup Silver Summary • RAC or RAC One with remote backups • Fast Instance failovers for planned/unplanned outages • Backups replicated to remote site for DR • Restore from backup to resume service following unrecoverable outages Features • Multitenant • Online Maintenance • Flashback Technologies • Corruption Protection • Recovery Manager (RMAN) • Recovery Appliance or Cloud Backup • Real Application Cluster / RAC One • Application Checklist for Continuous Service Primary Datacenter Remote Datacenter R R Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 22
- 23. Planned Maintenance isConsidered as part of MAA Rolling Patching on the other hand is not part of Standard Edition Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 23
- 24. Oracle RAC 19cwith Standard Edition (SE) 2 – Support Update Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 24
- 25. Oracle Real ApplicationClusters (RAC) in SE2 De-Support • Effective with Oracle Database 19c • Oracle RAC in Standard Edition 2 (SE2) • will not be supported anymore. Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 25
- 26. Long Expected Development •SE2 Socket requirements are hard to meet as hardware evolves. • SE Oracle RAC has seen diminishing demand with increased high availability requirements, as SE does not provide the full set of HA capabilities available in the Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. • A migration to (the Autonomous Database in the) Oracle Cloud is an attractive upgrade path for customers – financially and functionally. • Autonomous Database provides EE features at a compelling conversion rate. Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 26
- 27. Time to Act 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Oracle18 Oracle 11.2 EXTENDED EXTENDEDOracle 12.1 12.2.0.1 Paid Extended SupportPremier Support Waived Extended Support Oracle Database 12c customers can maintain their current SE2 RAC environments until at least end of 2020; Oracle Database 18c can be used until mid 2021. Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 27
- 28. 1. Convert SE(2)Oracle RAC databases to Single Instance prior to upgrading to Oracle Database 19c. 2. Upgrade SE(2) Oracle RAC to Oracle Enterprise Edition prior to upgrading to Oracle Database 19c. 3. Move your SE(2) Oracle RAC Database to the Oracle Cloud Benefit from SE2 BYOL conversion and functional enhancements on the Oracle Cloud • http://oracle.com/goto/move Upgrade Paths Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 28
- 29. Move SE OracleRAC to the Autonomous Database • Convert your SE Oracle RAC Databases into an Autonomous Database • BYOL: – Conversion Ratios for Oracle Database Standard Edition , Oracle Database Standard, Oracle Database Standard Edition 2 (Oracle Database Standard Edition Programs): – For 1-8 OCPUs of Oracle Autonomous Transaction Processing Cloud: For each supported Processor License of Oracle Database Standard Edition Programs (where a Processor is defined as equivalent o an occupied socket), you may activate up to 4 OCPUs of the BYOL Cloud Service. – For 1-8 OCPUs of Oracle Autonomous Data Warehouse Cloud, for each supported Processor License of Oracle Database Standard Edition Programs (where a Processor is defined as equivalent to an occupied socket), You may activate up to 4 OCPUs of the BYOL Cloud Service. – http://www.oracle.com/us/corporate/contracts/paas-iaas-universal-credits-3940775.pdf Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 29
- 30. For full management,better availability and scalability out of the box Use Autonomous Database for SE Oracle RAC Databases • SE does not provide all of the HA capabilities available in the Oracle Database • Autonomous Database – uses a RAC-enabled Oracle Enterprise Edition by default – includes an availabilitypromise based on a MAA-compliant setup • https://www.oracle.com/database/autonomous-database/think-autonomous.html – SLA guarantees 99.995% reliability and availability, which minimizes costly planned and unplanned downtime to less than 30 minutes a year. Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 30
- 31. Real Application Clusters(RAC) 19c for the Autonomous Database MarkusMichalewicz, SeniorDirectorDatabaseHighAvailability andScalabilityProductManagement Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 31 https://www.slideshare.net/MarkusMichalewicz/or acle-rac19c-the-basis-for-the-autonomous-database
- 32. • Oracle DatabaseLicensing Guide: – https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/19/dblic/Licensing- Information.html#GUID-0F9EB85D-4610-4EDF-89C2-4916A0E7AC87 • My Oracle Support 2504078.1 – – “Desupport of Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) with Oracle Database Standard Edition 19c” More Information Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 32
- 33. Alternatives to Consider 1.Failover Clusters can be an alternative to Oracle RAC for certain implementations. – Database failover can be implemented based on Oracle Clusterware and other clusters. • Note that after a conversion from SE(2) RAC, your database will still use the Grid Infrastructure stack. 2. Disaster Recovery has traditionally not been provided with Oracle Standard Edition. – Third party vendors provide alternatives. • Those alternatives can be used instead of and in addition to a database cluster. 3. General “support rule for failover”: – The database does not ”care” who or what started it; – I.E. no failover cluster / DR certification required. Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 33
- 34. Oracle Database Availability& Scalability Across Versions and Editions Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 34
- 35. Licensing Guide Features acrosseditions Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 35
- 36. Features Across Versions https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/ Copyright© 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 36
- 37. Features Across Editionsand Versions https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/ BETA Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 37
- 38. Features Across Editionsand Versions https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/ BETA Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 38
- 39. Features Across Editionsand Versions https://apex.oracle.com/database-features/ BETA Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 39
- 40. Oracle Database Availability& Scalability Across Versions and Editions – Conclusion Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 40
- 41. 1. Full HighAvailability and Maximum Availability Architectures (MAA) require EE. 2. Oracle Cloud-based database CS deployments are based on MAA standards. 3. The Autonomous Database is an attractive alternative for SE2 RAC-based workload. Summary and Conclusion Copyright © 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 41