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I got the Spring Data JPA starter project from https://spring.io/guides/gs/accessing-data-jpa/. I can create the Customer and CustomerRepository classes and make the Customer entity persist.

However when I add another entity Person and a PersonRepository and try to persist the entity I get an error shown below. It is like within Application.java there is some sort of inner class $1 that Spring data is try to map as an entity.

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unknown entity: hello.Application$1

package hello; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import lombok.ToString; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; @Entity @ToString @NoArgsConstructor @Data public class Person { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private int age; } 
package hello; import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository; public interface PersonRepository extends CrudRepository<Person, Long> { } 
package hello; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; @SpringBootApplication @Slf4j public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class); } /* @Bean public CommandLineRunner demo(CustomerRepository repository) { return (args) -> { repository.save(new Customer("Jack", "Bauer")); repository.save(new Customer("Chole", "O'Brian")); repository.save(new Customer("Kim", "Bauer")); repository.save(new Customer("David", "Palmer")); repository.save(new Customer("Michelle", "Dessler")); // fetch all customers log.info("Customers found with findAll():"); log.info("-------------------------------"); repository.findAll().forEach(c -> log.info(c.toString())); }; } */ @Bean public CommandLineRunner demo(PersonRepository repository) { return (args) -> { repository.save(new Person(){{ setAge(20); }}); // fetch all customers log.info("Customers found with findAll():"); log.info("-------------------------------"); repository.findAll().forEach(c -> log.info(c.toString())); }; } }

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to execute CommandLineRunner at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunner(SpringApplication.java:782) [spring-boot-2.1.6.RELEASE.jar:2.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunners(SpringApplication.java:763) [spring-boot-2.1.6.RELEASE.jar:2.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:318) [spring-boot-2.1.6.RELEASE.jar:2.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1213) [spring-boot-2.1.6.RELEASE.jar:2.1.6.RELEASE] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1202) [spring-boot-2.1.6.RELEASE.jar:2.1.6.RELEASE] at hello.Application.main(Application.java:14) [classes/:na] Caused by: org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessApiUsageException: Unknown entity: hello.Application$1; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unknown entity: hello.Application$1 at org.springframework.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryUtils.convertJpaAccessExceptionIfPossible(EntityManagerFactoryUtils.java:373) ~[spring-orm-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:255) ~[spring-orm-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:527) ~[spring-orm-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61) ~[spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242) ~[spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:153) ~[spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:138) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.invoke(SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.java:61) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy67.save(Unknown Source) ~[na:na] at hello.Application.lambda$demo$1(Application.java:38) [classes/:na] at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunner(SpringApplication.java:779) [spring-boot-2.1.6.RELEASE.jar:2.1.6.RELEASE] ... 5 common frames omitted Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unknown entity: hello.Application$1 at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:804) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.10.Final.jar:5.3.10.Final] at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:785) ~[hibernate-core-5.3.10.Final.jar:5.3.10.Final] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at org.springframework.orm.jpa.SharedEntityManagerCreator$SharedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(SharedEntityManagerCreator.java:308) ~[spring-orm-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy65.persist(Unknown Source) ~[na:na] at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.SimpleJpaRepository.save(SimpleJpaRepository.java:507) ~[spring-data-jpa-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_181] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition$RepositoryFragments.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:359) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryComposition.invoke(RepositoryComposition.java:200) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$ImplementationMethodExecutionInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:644) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:608) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$invoke$3(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:595) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:595) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:59) ~[spring-data-commons-2.1.9.RELEASE.jar:2.1.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:295) ~[spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:98) ~[spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139) ~[spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar:5.1.8.RELEASE] ... 16 common frames omitted

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The error message clearly says you have an unmapped class. You correctly deducted that

It is like within Application.java there is some sort of inner class $1 that Spring data is try to map as an entity.

The inner class in question is defined in your code as a subclass of Person

repository.save(new Person(){{ setAge(20); }});

The class is an Anonymous Inner Class, with an Instance Initializer block. See What is an initialization block?

Use the following code to create a new person without subclassing it:

Person p = new Person(); p.setAge(20); repository.save(p)
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4 Comments

Thanks @Lesiak, that did resolve my issue. For some reason I was under the impression that repository.save(new Person(){{ setAge(20); }}); and Person p = new Person(); p.setAge(20); repository.save(p) are equivalent code. I will read up on the Anonymous Inner Class initialization block thread you provided the link for.
Btw, I see the error message Unknown entity: hello.Application$1. This means that the code new Person(){{ setAge(20); }}) is creating an anonymous inner class within Application.java and making that anonymous inner class extend Person.java.
Precisely. Note that every time you have new Person(){{ setAge(20); }}), a new class is created, even if the initialization block is identical (or empty). This is why this construction in most cases should be avoided.
Thank you again! I learned something new. Really appreciate the time you took to help me out!

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