Mathf.Clamp not Working Properly to clamp a rotation between -90° and 90°

Question

I want to clamp the vertical rotation of the first person controller I was making. I want to restrict the vertical rotation of the main camera between -90 and 90 degrees. The code is as follows:

using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class MouseY : MonoBehaviour { [SerializeField] private float _sensitivity = 5.0f; private float _verticalInput; // Update is called once per frame void Update() { _verticalInput = Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y") * _sensitivity; Vector3 lookDirectionY = transform.localEulerAngles; lookDirectionY.x -= _verticalInput; lookDirectionY.x = Mathf.Clamp(lookDirectionY.x, -90f, 90f); transform.localEulerAngles = lookDirectionY; } }

In the above code, Mathf.Clamp does not work for -90. On reaching 0 degrees, it reels back to the +90 degrees. What could be the reason for this and how to resolve it?

Angles can often mess up when you do simple "linear" clamp. - 90 drgrees is the same as 270 degrees, and that will be clamped to +90. Clamping angles is a bit more complex and often is done slightly differently depending on the setup and goal. — Nikaas
– Nikaas, Commented Aug 23, 2020 at 12:31
I have tried to replace -90 with 270 and changing the min and Max value, but it gets messy. — Shubhendra Chaddha
– Shubhendra Chaddha, Commented Aug 24, 2020 at 2:47
I meant that simply clamping between 2 values (no matter what they are) will never work for all kinds of angles. But I can't help you with an universal solution. It took me a lot of time to just come up with one that work for my requirements. — Nikaas
– Nikaas, Commented Aug 24, 2020 at 9:48
Then what could be other different ways to approach the solution to this problem? — Shubhendra Chaddha
– Shubhendra Chaddha, Commented Aug 24, 2020 at 16:41
I don't recommend trying to manipulate individual components of an Euler angle triplet - especially one that's been generated on demand from a source quaternion rather than constructed wholly in code you control and can reason about. They exhibit counter-intuitive wrap-around behaviour that makes lots of correct-looking code completely incorrect in practice. Working with direction vectors or quaternions might look more complex at first, but they give you much more reliable results because they don't have these wrap-around seams. — DMGregory
– DMGregory ♦, Commented Aug 24, 2020 at 17:56

Kevin · Accepted Answer · 2020-08-24 17:57:41Z

This example shows how you can convert any angle into the range -180 to 180.

Vector3 lookDirection = transform.localEulerAngles; float x = lookDirection.x; x -= _verticalInput; //convert `x` into the range -180 to 180 x = x % 360; if (x > 180) x -= 360; else if (x < -180) x += 360; //clamp and apply x = Mathf.Clamp(x, -90f, 90f); lookDirection.x = x; transform.localEulerAngles = lookDirection;

Note you can use Mathf.DeltaAngle(0, x) instead of writing the modulo/conditional branches yourself. But I'm not sure that solves the particular problem OP is having. — DMGregory
– DMGregory ♦, Commented Aug 24, 2020 at 17:59

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