This PyTorch-based library provides powerful and differentiable image transformation utilities for converting between different panoramic image formats:

• Equirectangular (360°) Images
• Cubemap Representations
• Perspective Projections

Built as an improved PyTorch implementation of the original py360convert project, this library offers flexible, CPU & GPU-accelerated functions.

• Equirectangular format

• Cubemap 'dice' format

• Python 3.7+
• PyTorch

You can easily install the library using pip:

pip install pytorch360convert

Or you can install it from source like this:

pip install torch

Then clone the repository:

git clone https://github.com/ProGamerGov/pytorch360convert.git cd pytorch360convert pip install .

• Lossless conversion between image formats.
• Supports different cubemap input formats (horizon, list, stack, dict, dice).
• Configurable sampling modes (bilinear, nearest).
• Supports different dtypes (float16, float32, float64, bfloat16).
• CPU support.
• GPU acceleration.
• Differentiable transformations for deep learning pipelines.
• TorchScript (JIT) support.

First we'll setup some helper functions:

pip install torchvision pillow

import torch from torchvision.transforms import ToTensor, ToPILImage from PIL import Image def load_image_to_tensor(image_path: str) -> torch.Tensor: """Load an image as a PyTorch tensor.""" return ToTensor()(Image.open(image_path).convert('RGB')) def save_tensor_as_image(tensor: torch.Tensor, save_path: str) -> None: """Save a PyTorch tensor as an image.""" ToPILImage()(tensor).save(save_path)

Converting equirectangular images into cubemaps is easy. For simplicity, we'll use the 'dice' format, which places all cube faces into a single 4x3 grid image.

from pytorch360convert import e2c # Load equirectangular image (3, 1376, 2752) equi_image = load_image_to_tensor("examples/example_world_map_equirectangular.png") face_w = equi_image.shape[2] // 4 # 2752 / 4 = 688 # Convert to cubemap (dice format) cubemap = e2c( equi_image, # CHW format face_w=face_w, # Width of each cube face mode='bilinear', # Sampling interpolation cube_format='dice' # Output cubemap layout ) # Save cubemap faces save_tensor_as_image(cubemap, "dice_cubemap.jpg")

Equirectangular Input	Cubemap 'Dice' Output

Cubemap 'Horizon' Output

We can also convert cubemaps into equirectangular images, like so.

from pytorch360convert import c2e # Load cubemap in 'dice' format cubemap = load_image_to_tensor("dice_cubemap.jpg") # Convert cubemap back to equirectangular equirectangular = c2e( cubemap, # Cubemap tensor(s) mode='bilinear', # Sampling interpolation cube_format='dice' # Input cubemap layout ) save_tensor_as_image(equirectangular, "equirectangular.jpg")

from pytorch360convert import e2p # Load equirectangular input equi_image = load_image_to_tensor("examples/example_world_map_equirectangular.png") # Extract perspective view from equirectangular image perspective_view = e2p( equi_image, # Equirectangular image fov_deg=(70, 60), # Horizontal and vertical FOV h_deg=260, # Horizontal rotation v_deg=50, # Vertical rotation out_hw=(512, 768), # Output image dimensions mode='bilinear' # Sampling interpolation ) save_tensor_as_image(perspective_view, "perspective.jpg")

Equirectangular Input	Perspective Output

from pytorch360convert import e2e # Load equirectangular input equi_image = load_image_to_tensor("examples/example_world_map_equirectangular.png") # Rotate an equirectangular image around one more axes rotated_equi = e2e( equi_image, # Equirectangular image h_deg=90.0, # Vertical rotation/shift v_deg=200.0, # Horizontal rotation/shift roll=45.0, # Clockwise/counter clockwise rotation mode='bilinear' # Sampling interpolation ) save_tensor_as_image(rotated_equi, "rotated.jpg")

Equirectangular Input	Rotated Output

Converts an equirectangular image to a cubemap projection.

• Parameters:

  • e_img (torch.Tensor): Equirectangular CHW image tensor.
  • face_w (int, optional): Cube face width. If set to None, then face_w will be calculated as <e_img_height> // 2. Default: None.
  • mode (str, optional): Sampling interpolation mode. Options are bilinear, bicubic, and nearest. Default: bilinear
  • cube_format (str, optional): The desired output cubemap format. Options are dict, list, horizon, stack, and dice. Default: dice
    • stack (torch.Tensor): Stack of 6 faces, in the order of: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
    • list (list of torch.Tensor): List of 6 faces, in the order of: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
    • dict (dict of torch.Tensor): Dictionary with keys pointing to face tensors. Keys are: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
    • dice (torch.Tensor): A cubemap in a 'dice' layout.
    • horizon (torch.Tensor): A cubemap in a 'horizon' layout, a 1x6 grid in the order: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
  • channels_first (bool, optional): Input cubemap channel format (CHW or HWC). Defaults to the PyTorch CHW standard of True.

• Returns: Cubemap representation of the input image as a tensor, list of tensors, or dict or tensors.

Converts a cubemap projection to an equirectangular image.

• Parameters:

  • cubemap (torch.Tensor, list of torch.Tensor, or dict of torch.Tensor): Cubemap image tensor, list of tensors, or dict of tensors. Note that tensors should be in the shape of: CHW, except for when cube_format = 'stack', in which case a batch dimension is present. Inputs should match the corresponding cube_format.
  • h (int, optional): Output image height. If set to None, <cube_face_width> * 2 will be used. Default: None.
  • w (int, optional): Output image width. If set to None, <cube_face_width> * 4 will be used. Default: None.
  • mode (str, optional): Sampling interpolation mode. Options are bilinear, bicubic, and nearest. Default: bilinear
  • cube_format (str, optional): Input cubemap format. Options are dict, list, horizon, stack, and dice. Default: dice
    • stack (torch.Tensor): Stack of 6 faces, in the order of: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
    • list (list of torch.Tensor): List of 6 faces, in the order of: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
    • dict (dict of torch.Tensor): Dictionary with keys pointing to face tensors. Keys are expected to be: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
    • dice (torch.Tensor): A cubemap in a 'dice' layout.
    • horizon (torch.Tensor): A cubemap in a 'horizon' layout, a 1x6 grid in the order of: ['Front', 'Right', 'Back', 'Left', 'Up', 'Down'].
  • channels_first (bool, optional): Input cubemap channel format (CHW or HWC). Defaults to the PyTorch CHW standard of True.

• Returns: Equirectangular projection of the input cubemap as a tensor.

Extracts a perspective view from an equirectangular image.

• Parameters:

  • e_img (torch.Tensor): Equirectangular CHW or NCHW image tensor.
  • fov_deg (float or tuple of float): Field of view in degrees. If a single value is provided, it will be used for both horizontal and vertical degrees. If using a tuple, values are expected to be in following format: (h_fov_deg, v_fov_deg).
  • h_deg (float, optional): Horizontal viewing angle in range [-pi, pi]. (-Left/+Right). Default: 0.0
  • v_deg (float, optional): Vertical viewing angle in range [-pi/2, pi/2]. (-Down/+Up). Default: 0.0
  • out_hw (float or tuple of float, optional): Output image dimensions in the shape of '(height, width)'. Default: (512, 512)
  • in_rot_deg (float, optional): Inplane rotation angle. Default: 0
  • mode (str, optional): Sampling interpolation mode. Options are bilinear, bicubic, and nearest. Default: bilinear
  • channels_first (bool, optional): Input cubemap channel format (CHW or HWC). Defaults to the PyTorch CHW standard of True.

• Returns: Perspective view of the equirectangular image as a tensor.

Rotate an equirectangular image along one or more axes (roll, pitch, and yaw) to produce a horizontal shift, vertical shift, or to roll the image.

• Parameters:

  • e_img (torch.Tensor): Equirectangular CHW or NCHW image tensor.
  • roll (float, optional): Roll angle in degrees (-Counter_Clockwise/+Clockwise). Rotates the image along the x-axis. Default: 0.0
  • h_deg (float, optional): Yaw angle in degrees (-Left/+Right). Rotates the image along the z-axis to produce a horizontal shift. Default: 0.0
  • v_deg (float, optional): Pitch angle in degrees (-Down/+Up). Rotates the image along the y-axis to produce a vertical shift. Default: 0.0
  • mode (str, optional): Sampling interpolation mode. Options are bilinear, bicubic, and nearest. Default: bilinear
  • channels_first (bool, optional): Input cubemap channel format (CHW or HWC). Defaults to the PyTorch CHW standard of True.

• Returns: A modified equirectangular image tensor.

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.

If you use this library in your research or project, please refer to the included CITATION.cff file or cite it as follows:

@misc{egan2024pytorch360convert, title={PyTorch 360° Image Conversion Toolkit}, author={Egan, Ben}, year={2024}, publisher={GitHub}, howpublished={\url{https://github.com/ProGamerGov/pytorch360convert}} }

Egan, B. (2024). PyTorch 360° Image Conversion Toolkit [Computer software]. GitHub. https://github.com/ProGamerGov/pytorch360convert