The Allan Variance Sigma Tau Diagram allows one understand the different kinds of noise that are present in a time series; the following two images are taken from the wikipedia page related to Allan variance
Now, while I understand that the slopes of the curve of the Frequency stability diagram correspond to the exponent of the power laws of the various kinds of noise, I still can't wrap my head around how to get the sigma tau diagram from the frequency stability diagram; i.e. how is the red polyline generated, are these meant to resemble the intersection of half-planes that contain the frequency stability diagram and are tangent in points that correspond to white, pink, brown, etc., noise?
Questions:
- how is the $\sigma(\tau)$ diagram of Allan variance generated from the frequency stability diagram
- what information can be drawn from known the $\tau$ values at which the slope of the frequency stability diagram attains specific values, e.g. $-1$ for white noise
