Questions tagged [hyperoperation]
Hyperoperation is a field of mathematics which studies indexed families of binary operations, Hyperoperations families, that generalize and extend the standard sequence of the basic arithmetic operations of addition, multiplication and exponentiation.
154 questions
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Pentation from three fixed points
When b is a real number non inclusively between 1 and $e^{e^{-1}}$, $b^x$ has two real fixed points. If b is increased to $e^{e^{-1}}$, the two real fixed points combine into one real fixed point. If ...
-4 votes
1 answer
83 views
Proposal for a symbol for hyperoperation aggregation [closed]
Mathematicians use ∑ for repeated addition and ∏ for repeated multiplication. I’ve been exploring whether we can generalize this pattern for higher hyperoperations — such as exponentiation, tetration, ...
1 vote
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Deriving Formulas for Hyperoperational Derivatives
One time, when I was just sitting around, I had a realization. A commonly known fact is that forward differences are a discrete analog of derivatives, and sums are a discrete analog of integrals. But, ...
1 vote
1 answer
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Does $n - \ln\left(\sum_{i=0}^{n}\exp(i)\right)$ converge to approximately $-0.458675145$?
I was messing around with triangle numbers and commutative hyperoperators. Consider the zeroth commutative hyperoperator $F_0(a,b) = \ln(e^a + e^b)$. The "zero-order" triangle numbers would ...
2 votes
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135 views
Are there any elementary operations which behave like $a^{\ln(b)}$?
There is a hierarchy of commutative hyperoperators, which, in addition to commuting, distribute over the previous operator in the hierarchy. The zeroth operatorion this list is $F_0(x, y) := \ln(e^x + ...
2 votes
2 answers
152 views
Is there an operation when repeated $n$ times on a number $x$ gives $\max(x, n)$?
It has been asked if there is an operation, that when repeated $n$ times results in addition. The solution given is that one can use the $\max$ function in a clever way: $$\max(a, b) + 1 + \delta_{ab} ...
1 vote
2 answers
95 views
What are the semantical pre-requisites for an operation being associative?
I beginning to start math from the start again and I'm trying to understand things more intuitively and I'd like some help to understand associativity. I can understand it as the characteristic of an ...
0 votes
1 answer
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How to prove that each commutative hyperation operation is distributive over the previous?
There exists a series of commutative hyperoperations with the defining trait that each operation is distributive over its predecessor. The operations are defined recursively, taking $$a \times_{n} b = ...
2 votes
1 answer
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Discovered Local Logarithmic Identity in Base-2 Tetration ($A_3$ to $A_5$) Before Structural Breakdown at $A_6$ – Request for Validation
I’m an independent learner without formal training in mathematics. While studying base-2 tetration, I observed a localized logarithmic identity that holds from $A_3$ to $A_5$, and breaks at $A_6$. I’d ...
1 vote
0 answers
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Is there an asymptotic for so-called "exponential primes"?
Prime numbers can defined as numbers $p$ for which there are no $a$ and $b$ besides $1$ and $p$ such that $p = a\cdot b$. If we define $\pi(n)$ to be the number of primes less than or equal to $n$, ...
0 votes
1 answer
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Does tetration go up or down? (and other related questions) [duplicate]
Tetration is defined as “repeated exponentiation” - that is, $2$ tetrated to $5$ is equal to $2^{2^{2^{2^2}}}$, just as $2$ exponentiated to $5$ is equal to $2\cdot{2}\cdot{2}\cdot{2}\cdot{2}$ (...
4 votes
1 answer
389 views
Easy proof that $n=5$ is the only solution of $n^n \equiv n^{n^n} \pmod {10^{n-1}}$ if $n \in \mathbb{N}-\{0,1\}$ is not a multiple of $10$
Let $n > 1$ be an integer not a multiple of $10$. Is there a short proof that $n = 5$ is the only solution to $n^n \equiv n^{n^n} \pmod {10^{n-1}}$, given the fact that $5^{5^5} \equiv 3125 \pmod{...
1 vote
0 answers
154 views
Which hyperoperations produce a "prefix-complete" sequence?
Definition ("prefix-complete"): A sequence of positive integers $(a_n)_{n=1,2,3,\dots}$ will be called prefix-complete in base $b$ iff, for any positive integer $p$, there is some $a_n$ ...
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Final digit of $a[n]a$, where $[n]$ is the $n$-th hyperoperator and $a \in \mathbb{Z}^+$
While I was submitting a few sequences to the OEIS, I noticed an asymmetrical pattern involving the rightmost digits of an interesting set of well-known integer sequences. Let $a \in \mathbb{Z}^+$, $n ...
4 votes
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135 views
Definition of tetration [duplicate]
We all know that many years ago we invented powers. e.g. $3^4$ meant how many times we multiply 3. i.e. $3^4=3\cdot 3\cdot 3\cdot 3$. But then, people started asking questions like what is the ...