Suggestions to avoid bitmap Out of Memory error

Question

I am working on an android application. The application has a view containing lots of image. I had an error, I will try to give as much information as possible hoping someone can give me some suggestions.

The application was working great on all the local testings. However, I received lots of crashes from users: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget

This is the stack trace

0 java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget 1 at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method) 2 at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:507) 3 at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:474) 4 at android.graphics.Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(Bitmap.java:379) 5 at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.finishDecode(BitmapFactory.java:498) 6 at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:473) 7 at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:336) 8 at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResource(BitmapFactory.java:359) 9 at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResource(BitmapFactory.java:385)

My biggest problem is that I was not able to reproduce the issue locally even on old devices.

I have implemented lots of things to try to resolve this:

No memory leaks: I made sure there is no memory leaks at all. I removed the views when I dont need them. I also recycled all the bitmaps and made sure the garbage collector is working as it should. And I implemented all the necessary steps in the onDestroy() method
Image size scaled correctly: Before getting the image I get its dimension and calculate the inSampleSize.
Heap size: I also detect the Max Heap size before getting the image and make sure there is enough space. If there is not enough I rescale the image accordingly.

Code to calculate the correct inSampleSize

public static int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) { // Raw height and width of image final int height = options.outHeight; final int width = options.outWidth; int inSampleSize = 1; if(height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) { if(width > height) { inSampleSize = Math.round((float) height / (float) reqHeight); } else { inSampleSize = Math.round((float) width / (float) reqWidth); } } return inSampleSize; }

Code to get the bitmap

 // decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption private static Bitmap decodeFile(File file, int newWidth, int newHeight) {// target size try { Bitmap bmp = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getContext().getContentResolver(), Uri.fromFile(file)); if(bmp == null) { // avoid concurrence // Decode image size BitmapFactory.Options option = new BitmapFactory.Options(); // option = getBitmapOutput(file); option.inDensity = res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi < DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_HIGH ? 120 : 240; option.inTargetDensity = res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi; if(newHeight > 0 && newWidth > 0) option.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(option, newWidth, newWidth); option.inJustDecodeBounds = false; byte[] decodeBuffer = new byte[12 * 1024]; option.inTempStorage = decodeBuffer; option.inPurgeable = true; option.inInputShareable = true; option.inScaled = true; bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(file), null, option); if(bmp == null) { return null; } } else { int inDensity = res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi < DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_HIGH ? 120 : 240; int inTargetDensity = res.getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi; if(inDensity != inTargetDensity) { int newBmpWidth = (bmp.getWidth() * inTargetDensity) / inDensity; int newBmpHeight = (bmp.getHeight() * inTargetDensity) / inDensity; bmp = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bmp, newBmpWidth, newBmpHeight, true); } } return bmp; } catch(Exception e) { Log.e("Error calling Application.decodeFile Method params: " + Arrays.toString(new Object[]{file }), e); } return null; }

Code to calculate image size based on Heap size for older devices

private void calculateImagesSize() { // only for android older than HoneyComb that does not support large heap if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Constants.HONEYCOMB) { long maxHeapSize = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory(); long maxImageHeap = maxHeapSize - 10485760; if(Application.getResource().getDisplayMetrics().densityDpi >= DisplayMetrics.DENSITY_XHIGH) { maxImageHeap -= 12 * 1048576; } if(maxImageHeap < (30 * 1048576)) { int screenHeight = Math.min(Application.getResource().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels, Application.getResource() .getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels); long maxImageSize = maxImageHeap / 100; long maxPixels = maxImageSize / 4; long maxHeight = (long) Math.sqrt(maxPixels / 1.5); if(maxHeight < screenHeight) { drawableHeight = (int) maxHeight; drawableWidth = (int) (drawableHeight * 1.5); } } } }

I think the problem is with the Heap, maybe sometimes the os doesn't allow the application to use the maxheapsize. Also my biggest problem is that I was not able to reproduce the issue, so when I try a fix I have to wait a little to see if users are still getting the error.

What more could I try to avoid Out of memory issues? Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Thanks a lot

take one very big image and try to use it with your code. I think it will crash ) I dont like this line: Bitmap bmp = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getContext().getContentResolver(), Uri.fromFile(file)); — Leonidos
– Leonidos, Commented Jan 9, 2013 at 12:42
I wrote a summary of suggestions in another question: stackoverflow.com/questions/11820266/… — Paulo Cheque
– Paulo Cheque, Commented May 13, 2013 at 18:28
@Youssef, I think you should take a look at this - stackoverflow.com/a/15380872/1433187 I was getting out of memory error, then this solution worked perfectly for me. — Khobaib
– Khobaib, Commented Jul 18, 2013 at 9:29
@Stebra no I did not find a proper solution for this. but recently I replaced my code above with the code on the official android tutorial. developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/index.html check that link they have an awesome sample that you can download. I found it better than what I had but still getting out of memory errors. — Y2theZ
– Y2theZ, Commented May 27, 2014 at 17:54

Mehul Ranpara · Accepted Answer · 2013-01-09 12:35:24Z

just use this function to decode...this is perfect solution for your error..because i also getting same error and i got this solution..

public static Bitmap decodeFile(File f,int WIDTH,int HIGHT){ try { //Decode image size BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o.inJustDecodeBounds = true; BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f),null,o); //The new size we want to scale to final int REQUIRED_WIDTH=WIDTH; final int REQUIRED_HIGHT=HIGHT; //Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2. int scale=1; while(o.outWidth/scale/2>=REQUIRED_WIDTH && o.outHeight/scale/2>=REQUIRED_HIGHT) scale*=2; //Decode with inSampleSize BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o2.inSampleSize=scale; return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {} return null; }

Hi, thank you for your suggestion but I am actually doing the same thing but with more advanced check. I had the exact code you have but was having a crash. so I modified it to take in consideration more advanced stuff. But the logic in your code is present in mine. Thanks
yes I used it first. but I got the OutOfMemoryError so I modified it to what I have today. it reduced the error but it is still appearing
why not to use just o2.inSampleSize = Math.max(o.outHeight,o.outWidth)/imageMaxSize; instead of while(o.outWidth/scale/2>=REQUIRED_WIDTH && o.outHeight/scale/2>=REQUIRED_HIGHT) scale*=2; According to documentation "Note: the decoder uses a final value based on powers of 2, any other value will be rounded down to the nearest power of 2." so android will do the rounding automatically.

itsrajesh4uguys · Accepted Answer · 2013-01-09 12:47:07Z

Hi you have to decode the file . for this try with the following method.

 public static Bitmap new_decode(File f) { // decode image size BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o.inJustDecodeBounds = true; o.inDither = false; // Disable Dithering mode o.inPurgeable = true; // Tell to gc that whether it needs free memory, // the Bitmap can be cleared o.inInputShareable = true; // Which kind of reference will be used to // recover the Bitmap data after being // clear, when it will be used in the future try { BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o); } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e1.printStackTrace(); } // Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2. final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 300; int width_tmp = o.outWidth, height_tmp = o.outHeight; int scale = 1; while (true) { if (width_tmp / 1.5 < REQUIRED_SIZE && height_tmp / 1.5 < REQUIRED_SIZE) break; width_tmp /= 1.5; height_tmp /= 1.5; scale *= 1.5; } // decode with inSampleSize BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options(); // o2.inSampleSize=scale; o.inDither = false; // Disable Dithering mode o.inPurgeable = true; // Tell to gc that whether it needs free memory, // the Bitmap can be cleared o.inInputShareable = true; // Which kind of reference will be used to // recover the Bitmap data after being // clear, when it will be used in the future // return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2); try { // return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, // null); Bitmap bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, null); System.out.println(" IW " + width_tmp); System.out.println("IHH " + height_tmp); int iW = width_tmp; int iH = height_tmp; return Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, iW, iH, true); } catch (OutOfMemoryError e) { // TODO: handle exception e.printStackTrace(); // clearCache(); // System.out.println("bitmap creating success"); System.gc(); return null; // System.runFinalization(); // Runtime.getRuntime().gc(); // System.gc(); // decodeFile(f); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); return null; } }

I don't like the System.gc() solution. try to find why it's happening, look for memory leak and so one.

vinothp · Accepted Answer · 2014-03-09 18:40:34Z

By Reducing/Scale size of the Image you can get rid out of the Out of Memory Exception, Try this

 BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); options.inSampleSize = 6; Bitmap receipt = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(photo.toString(),options); //From File You can customise on your needs.

You can still get the exception if the image provided is very big.

Community · Accepted Answer · 2017-05-23 11:53:41Z

I wrote a summary of suggestions in another StackOverFlow question: Android: BitmapFactory.decodeStream() out of memory with a 400KB file with 2MB free heap

GvSharma · Accepted Answer · 2014-04-10 07:52:24Z

actually the problem is with the development os. In android unlike iOS , google people develop this based on camera resolution. Bitmaps take up a lot of memory, especially for rich images like photographs.Different cameras captures images with different pixels(different mobiles have different camera pixel capacity). Here in android based on that pixels only the captured image will take memory. so obviously a high resolution image will not uploaded by a phone with low pixel capacity. In android os allocates utmost 16MB to every application. If the uploaded image takes more than this then java.lang.OutofMemoryError: bitmap size exceeds VM budget will occur and application crashes. refer this http://developer.android.com/training/displaying-bitmaps/index.html

Euporie · Accepted Answer · 2014-10-20 02:51:03Z

If u want to avoid OOM, u can catch OOM and increase the sampleSize until the image can be resolved:

private Bitmap getBitmapSafely(Resources res, int id, int sampleSize) { // res = context.getResources(), id = R.drawable.yourimageid Bitmap bitmap = null; BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options(); options.inPurgeable = true; options.inSampleSize = sampleSize; try { bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, id, options); } catch (OutOfMemoryError oom) { Log.w("ImageView", "OOM with sampleSize " + sampleSize, oom); System.gc(); bitmap = getBitmapSafely(res, id, sampleSize + 1); } return bitmap; }

Hope it helps.

It is not suitable to catch the Error, just a workaround.

@Melllvar I tested these code and I have really caught the OOM. Do you mean is not suitable to catch the OOM?
OK, so I'm seeing a lot of conflicting information (e.g. see this post). I myself have had unrecoverable crashes inside try/catch(OutOfMemoryError), but what I'm seeing suggests that this is more or less a matter of luck (e.g. it may be possible, but if you do recover from an error, there is a chance that the error will leave the program in an indeterminate state; therefore the crash will occur no matter what). In any case, your solution may work (I stand corrected) - just not always.
@Melllvar thanks, I need to learn more about the differences betweeen exception and error, and I have edited my post.
OutOfMemory most of time never gets catched. Just crashes the app.

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