Possibly a not very efficient solution - using the close formula is more efficient (see Sven's answer), but you can do this:
def fibs(): a,b = 0,1 yield a yield b while True: a,b = b,a+b yield b n = int(raw_input("please, enter a number ")) for fib in fibs(): if n == fib: print "your number is a Fibonacci number!" break if fib > n: print "your number is not a Fibonacci number!" break
The fibs generator gives you the list of Fibonacci numbers. You can go through the list, and every number you can check if it's equal to the one the user entered (in which case you're done), or if it's bigger than the one the user entered (and also in this case you're done).
I hope this is useful, at least to understand Python generators.