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Write the shortest code you can that produces an infinite output.

That's all. You code will only be disqualified if it stops producing output at some point. As always in code golf, the shortest code wins.

Here's a list of answers that I think are really clever, so they can get credit:

Leaderboard

var QUESTION_ID=13152,OVERRIDE_USER=8611;function answersUrl(e){return"https://api.stackexchange.com/2.2/questions/"+QUESTION_ID+"/answers?page="+e+"&pagesize=100&order=desc&sort=creation&site=codegolf&filter="+ANSWER_FILTER}function commentUrl(e,s){return"https://api.stackexchange.com/2.2/answers/"+s.join(";")+"/comments?page="+e+"&pagesize=100&order=desc&sort=creation&site=codegolf&filter="+COMMENT_FILTER}function getAnswers(){jQuery.ajax({url:answersUrl(answer_page++),method:"get",dataType:"jsonp",crossDomain:!0,success:function(e){answers.push.apply(answers,e.items),answers_hash=[],answer_ids=[],e.items.forEach(function(e){e.comments=[];var s=+e.share_link.match(/\d+/);answer_ids.push(s),answers_hash[s]=e}),e.has_more||(more_answers=!1),comment_page=1,getComments()}})}function getComments(){jQuery.ajax({url:commentUrl(comment_page++,answer_ids),method:"get",dataType:"jsonp",crossDomain:!0,success:function(e){e.items.forEach(function(e){e.owner.user_id===OVERRIDE_USER&&answers_hash[e.post_id].comments.push(e)}),e.has_more?getComments():more_answers?getAnswers():process()}})}function getAuthorName(e){return e.owner.display_name}function process(){var e=[];answers.forEach(function(s){var r=s.body;s.comments.forEach(function(e){OVERRIDE_REG.test(e.body)&&(r="<h1>"+e.body.replace(OVERRIDE_REG,"")+"</h1>")});var a=r.match(SCORE_REG);a&&e.push({user:getAuthorName(s),size:+a[2],language:a[1],link:s.share_link})}),e.sort(function(e,s){var r=e.size,a=s.size;return r-a});var s={},r=1,a=null,n=1;e.forEach(function(e){e.size!=a&&(n=r),a=e.size,++r;var t=jQuery("#answer-template").html();t=t.replace("{{PLACE}}",n+".").replace("{{NAME}}",e.user).replace("{{LANGUAGE}}",e.language).replace("{{SIZE}}",e.size).replace("{{LINK}}",e.link),t=jQuery(t),jQuery("#answers").append(t);var o=e.language;/<a/.test(o)&&(o=jQuery(o).text()),s[o]=s[o]||{lang:e.language,user:e.user,size:e.size,link:e.link}});var t=[];for(var o in s)s.hasOwnProperty(o)&&t.push(s[o]);t.sort(function(e,s){return e.lang>s.lang?1:e.lang<s.lang?-1:0});for(var c=0;c<t.length;++c){var i=jQuery("#language-template").html(),o=t[c];i=i.replace("{{LANGUAGE}}",o.lang).replace("{{NAME}}",o.user).replace("{{SIZE}}",o.size).replace("{{LINK}}",o.link),i=jQuery(i),jQuery("#languages").append(i)}}var ANSWER_FILTER="!t)IWYnsLAZle2tQ3KqrVveCRJfxcRLe",COMMENT_FILTER="!)Q2B_A2kjfAiU78X(md6BoYk",answers=[],answers_hash,answer_ids,answer_page=1,more_answers=!0,comment_page;getAnswers();var SCORE_REG=/<h\d>\s*([^\n,]*[^\s,]),.*?(\d+)(?=[^\n\d<>]*(?:<(?:s>[^\n<>]*<\/s>|[^\n<>]+>)[^\n\d<>]*)*<\/h\d>)/,OVERRIDE_REG=/^Override\s*header:\s*/i;
body{text-align:left!important}#answer-list,#language-list{padding:10px;width:290px;float:left}table thead{font-weight:700}table td{padding:5px}
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="//cdn.sstatic.net/codegolf/all.css?v=83c949450c8b"> <div id="answer-list"> <h2>Leaderboard</h2> <table class="answer-list"> <thead> <tr><td></td><td>Author</td><td>Language</td><td>Size</td></tr></thead> <tbody id="answers"> </tbody> </table> </div><div id="language-list"> <h2>Winners by Language</h2> <table class="language-list"> <thead> <tr><td>Language</td><td>User</td><td>Score</td></tr></thead> <tbody id="languages"> </tbody> </table> </div><table style="display: none"> <tbody id="answer-template"> <tr><td>{{PLACE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr></tbody> </table> <table style="display: none"> <tbody id="language-template"> <tr><td>{{LANGUAGE}}</td><td>{{NAME}}</td><td>{{SIZE}}</td><td><a href="{{LINK}}">Link</a></td></tr></tbody> </table>

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    \$\begingroup\$ All answers disqualified because at some point the Earth will be swallowed by the sun, and at some point the universe will die :P \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 9, 2013 at 20:00
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    \$\begingroup\$ Does "infinite until your computer crashes" count? <_< \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 10, 2013 at 1:39
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    \$\begingroup\$ If I write mine in Piet, can I count the pixels of the text the other programs used? I believe the smallest possible repeating Piet program would be 6 pixels. That beats Befunge if "off" pixels still count. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Nov 12, 2013 at 20:27
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    \$\begingroup\$ @Izkata So any answer that crashes your computer is also allowed :D \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jul 11, 2014 at 20:11
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    \$\begingroup\$ @Doorknob So really, the challenge is to produce infinite output in a finite amount of time. Sounds easy enough. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Apr 10, 2015 at 21:15

349 Answers 349

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CoffeeScript, 14

Pretty unoriginal and similar to JavaScript:

alert 6while 1 
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  • \$\begingroup\$ There is a loop keyword, this could be shortened down to loop alert 1 \$\endgroup\$ Commented Apr 11, 2015 at 16:03
0
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PHP: 22 chars

<?PHP while(true){print(0);} ?> 

My first golf, hope I did it right :)
It will hang your browser if you do it on a PHP page, but from the command line it does the expected: prints something until you get bored and stop it.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ Because you this is php, you can just put while(true){print(0);} the <?php ... ?> isn't actually php anyway \$\endgroup\$ Commented Sep 1, 2014 at 23:43
  • \$\begingroup\$ And the php portion of your answer, while(true){print(0);}, is actually 22 characters. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Sep 1, 2014 at 23:45
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Chinese, 2 bytes

Prints ÿ continuously.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ Isn't that two bytes? \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jan 29, 2014 at 15:54
  • \$\begingroup\$ @JanDvorak He didn't specify chars or bytes, and chars is default. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jan 29, 2014 at 16:08
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    \$\begingroup\$ @Timtech According to the code-golf tag: If you use Unicode, byte count should use UTF-8. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jan 29, 2014 at 22:14
  • \$\begingroup\$ @Sylwester Okay \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jan 29, 2014 at 23:07
0
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I haven't seen Thue used here much, so here we go:

Thue (22 19 bytes)

 a::=ab b::=~1 ::= a 
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Cardinal, 3 characters

.%$ 

Explanation:

. print active value % start pointers here $ jump to x,y = active, inactive value .%$ Pointers spread out in all cardinal directions from every % All pointers carry two values, initialized to 0. The upper value is called the active value, and it can be accessed directly. The lower value is called inactive value. Inactive values can only be accessed by flipping both values, switching the active to inactive, and the inactive to active, or by using instructions like $ that grab the inactive value directly to e.g. execute a jump. The < and > below the values are the positional and directional markers of the pointers. In programs, they instruct pointers to change the movement direction. 0 0 At this step, the first active value (from the left pointer) 0 0 gets printed in the console, the right pointer is going to <%> jump to x,y=0,0 0 The jumped (former left) pointer prints out the next 0 0 >%$ 0 0 ... travels on ... .>$ 0 0 .%> ... reaches the jump instruction again, going to jump to 0,0 again 0 0 >%$ ... print out the next 0... and so on, to infinity. 

http://esolangs.org/wiki/Cardinal

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Bat, 2 chars

%0 

The output is (starting from a blank line, I've added nbsp to make it visible bellow)

  d:\Temp\Supertemp>"D:\Temp\Supertemp\inf.bat" d:\Temp\Supertemp>"D:\Temp\Supertemp\inf.bat" d:\Temp\Supertemp>"D:\Temp\Supertemp\inf.bat" d:\Temp\Supertemp>"D:\Temp\Supertemp\inf.bat" d:\Temp\Supertemp>"D:\Temp\Supertemp\inf.bat" d:\Temp\Supertemp>"D:\Temp\Supertemp\inf.bat" 
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  • \$\begingroup\$ This is dependent to where you have stored the file, but it will always output. This is an example output. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 6, 2016 at 19:02
  • \$\begingroup\$ @EriktheGolfer, yes. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 6, 2016 at 21:34
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><> Fish - 2 characters, I'm counting the shortest one.

Thijs beat me to it, but oh well. Here are a couple more ><> answers.

1n
-Infinite 1's, 2 bytes

 >"drlow ,olleH"l ? ! ^ < o 

-Infinite "Hello, world", 84 bytes.

Edit: Whoops. It's character count, not bytecount. I also fixed the first answer. Edit 2: Thanks mbomb007 for shaving off 1 character.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ Why not just use 1n? \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 15, 2015 at 15:46
  • \$\begingroup\$ @mbomb007 Whoops, forgot that I could do that. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 15, 2015 at 15:49
  • \$\begingroup\$ "n also works. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 15, 2015 at 16:01
0
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GoLunar, 4 bytes

This is the equivalent of 5543 zeros in a row in Unary, which is equivalent to +[.] in BrainF***.

5543 
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BotEngine, 1x3=3

Noncompeting as BotEngine is much too recent a language. Anyway, here we go:

>CT 

It starts with a right-moving bot on the >. When it reaches the C, it creates a left-moving bot (which starts on the C.) On the next step, the left-moving bot reaches the > and is turned around to move right and the right-moving bot reaches the T, destroying itself and printing TRUE. The step after that, the other bot gets to the C starting the process over again.

>CF also works but prints FALSE instead of TRUE. Using P in this case would print empty lines instead.

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Javascript ES6, 28 bytes

setInterval`console.log()` 

I didn't want to code an infinite for loop like everyone else...

Try it here using anything BUT Firefox.

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Mouse-2002, 3 bytes

(0!) 

prints 0 forever.


Alternatively, for a more interesting and (theoretically) infinite error with no loop, the Ackermann Function in 99 bytes in this language:

"M>"?a:"N>"?b:#Y,a.b.;$Y1%n:2%m:m.0=k:n.0=j:j.k.>[n.1+!|j.k.<[#Y,m.1-,1;!|#Y,m.1-,#Y,n.,n.1-;;!]]]@ 

Expanded:

"M>" ? a: "N>" ? b: 1 a: 1 b: #Y, a. b.;! $Y 1% n: 2% m: ~ ack m. 0 = k: ~ store whether m == 0 in k n. 0 = j: j. k. > [ ~ if y>x n.1+ ~ print it | j. k. < [ ~ if x>y #Y, m. 1-, 1; | #Y, m. 1-, #Y, m.,n. 1-;;! ] ] ] @ $ 

Errors recursively, forever, as long as the input was a positive nonzero integer. (result of a bug in the interpreter: the code is correct!)

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𝔼𝕊𝕄𝕚𝕟, 4 chars / 7 bytes

↻ô1; 

Try it here (Firefox only).

Translates to while(output(1)); in JS.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ output isn't a JS function... \$\endgroup\$ Commented Apr 26, 2018 at 14:07
  • \$\begingroup\$ There isn't really an equivalent to that function in JS, I guess I made it a placeholder name for the custom output function that ESMin uses. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Apr 30, 2018 at 14:11
  • \$\begingroup\$ console.log would work \$\endgroup\$ Commented Apr 30, 2018 at 14:51
  • \$\begingroup\$ The function doesn't output by lines, but rather appends to output... Perhaps it's more like a process.stdout.write. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Apr 30, 2018 at 20:08
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C, 25 bytes

main(){while(puts("1"));} 
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R, 15 bytes

Infinitely prints 1

while(T)cat(1) 
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ForceLang, 23 bytes

label l io.write goto l 

Looks weird, but it works. The key here is that goto does not interrupt the evaluation of the current line, and returns nil.

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Pylons, 5

wp,1} 

While 1, print the (empty) stack.

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Come Here, 21 bytes

COME FROM1 1TELL1NEXT 

In the reference implementation, this prints infinitely many smiley characters. Don't ask me why.

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  • \$\begingroup\$ The smiley characters are printed because you are using Windows cmd. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 6, 2016 at 18:58
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Clojure, 14 bytes

(pr(cycle[1])) 
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Brainfuck, 26 bytes

++++[>++++<-]>[>++<-]>+[.] 

Do 4*4*2+1 (33, !) and the final loop is a infinite loop that only print the current memory cell (!).

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  • \$\begingroup\$ You could as well do +[.] (SOH), but then it would be a dupe. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Oct 8, 2016 at 18:12
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Haystack, 6 bytes (non-competing, the language came 2 years after the challenge)

>"a"o< 

This will print a [infinity] times.

If the above code gives a syntax error because of the lack of | (that character is the needle. The ultimate goal of all Haystack programs is to find the needle in the haystack), one can simply append it to the end:

>"a"o<| 
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Golfscript - 7

{1a}:a~ 

I'm still learing golfscript, but unless I'm mistaken, this puts 1 on the stack, then starts over?

But apparently, the stack only prints when the program terminates, so perhaps this is better:

{1.p}do 

(thanks Dennis)

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  • \$\begingroup\$ You need a space between 1 and a, otherwise it's a single variable. I suggest using a non-alnum as a variable name {1?}:?+. Also, this doesn't print anything. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Mar 4, 2014 at 5:31
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    \$\begingroup\$ This won't work, it will just print a stack level too deep error. Also, the stack is printed when the program finishes, so you have to print explicitly. Example: {1.p}do (7 bytes) @JanDvorak: [A-Za-z]+[0-9]+ is a single token, but [0-9]+[A-Za-z]+ is not. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jun 21, 2014 at 18:46
  • \$\begingroup\$ I would downvote, but my vote is locked in. Help me out! \$\endgroup\$ Commented Sep 3, 2014 at 21:54
  • \$\begingroup\$ Edited as per @Dennis \$\endgroup\$ Commented Sep 7, 2016 at 21:42
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Kitanai, 24 bytes

#print"0"&2&1#print"1"&~ 

The "#" defines a flag, the first "print" displays 0, then the "&2" jumps to the second "#", it then prints "1", goes to the origin ("&~") which is just after "&2", then it jumps to the first "#" thanks to the "&1". And it does all that infinitely :)

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FALSE, 8 bytes

Interpreter.

There are many programs that work, each 8 bytes. The one I find the most interesting is:

[1$][.]# 

This is a while loop (#). [1$] is the condition, and it pushes two 1s. The last is popped for the condition (true), and then [.] is executed, which prints the number.

Here are some other programs (including the above):

[1$][.]# [1][1.]# [1$.][]# [^^.][]# [^.^][]# [^][^.]# 

A more interesting 9-byte (arbitrary 1-char repeated):

['c$,][]# 

I feel that the following 7-byte programs should work on some FALSE interpreters, but I haven't found any such yet:

[1"][]# [.1][]# 
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Haxe, 19 bytes

while(1>0)trace(1); 

There are several things about Haxe that make this challenge more difficult than in similar languages:

  1. Its lack of a for(;;) loop
  2. Its unwillingness to consider anything other than true or false truthy or falsy
  3. Its unwillingness to print an empty line (with trace();)

If not for these things, this program might have been 15 bytes:

for(;;)trace(); 

Test it online here, though you may not want to, as it freezes your browser.

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C++, 23 bytes

main(){for(;;)puts(";");} 

I was too lazy, but hey, It outputs a javascript script, which does absolutely nothing!

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  • \$\begingroup\$ This submission is neither a full program nor a function and thus is invalid (since snippets are disallowed). \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jan 23, 2017 at 16:36
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    \$\begingroup\$ Now with FULL program! \$\endgroup\$ Commented Jan 23, 2017 at 23:40
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QC 6 bytes

Not competing because language is newer than the question

A00$00

A00 prints nothing(because memory is empty) and a new line $00 jump to start(no recursion, sets instruction pointer to 00) 
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Commodore 64/VIC-20 assembly, 8 bytes (assembled)

033C LDA #$40 033E JSR $FFD2 0341 JMP $033E 

When executed with SYS 828, this will continuously output the @ character to the screen using the Kernal routine to print. If you don't care what you're outputting, then you can remove 033C LDA #$40 and save two whole bytes (the last thing in the accumulator will be outputted).

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  • \$\begingroup\$ If you remove the code at 033C then you will need to execute with SYS 830, unless you start the code at 033C and change JMP 033E accordingly. \$\endgroup\$ Commented Feb 16, 2017 at 12:16
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Fith, 16 bytes

{ 1 . q } :: q q 

{ 1 . q } pushes to the stack an anonymous function which prints 1 then calls a function named q. :: q binds this function to the word q, then the final q calls the new infinitely-recursing function.

Non-recursive version (19 bytes):

{ 1 } { 1 . } while 

This pushes a condition function, which will always push 1, and a body function, which prints 1. The while word continues to run the body as long as the condition leaves a truthy value on top of the stack.

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Whitespace, 16 bytes

 	 	 

Try it online!

Saves 3 bytes on the previous Whitespace answer by abusing empty labels and declaring the value 0 as a 0-bit number (the spec unfortunately requires a sign bit). Posting as a new answer as the previous answer combines multiple unrelated entries.

Explanation

(s - space, t - tab, n - newline)

nssn # Declare label '' sssn # Push +0 onto the stack tnst # Pop and output the stack value as a number - outputs the character '0' nsnn # Jump to label '' 
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  • \$\begingroup\$ I'm kinda pleased that this answer uses four 4-byte instructions \$\endgroup\$ Commented May 27, 2017 at 13:23
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shortC, 5 bytes

AWP'1 

Prints 1 forever. Explanation:

A main function W forever P print char '1 char '1' 

Try it online!

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