Modul:Citation/CS1

Die Dokumentation für dieses Modul kann unter Modul:Citation/CS1/Doku erstellt werden

 local cs1 ={}; --[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D D E C L A R A T I O N S >-------------------------------------- ]] local dates, year_date_check, reformat_dates, date_hyphen_to_dash	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation local is_set, in_array, substitute, error_comment, set_error, select_one,	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities	add_maint_cat, wrap_style, safe_for_italics, remove_wiki_link; local z ={};	-- tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local extract_ids, extract_id_access_levels, build_id_list, is_embargoed;	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers local make_coins_title, get_coins_pages, COinS;	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/COinS local cfg = {};	-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration local whitelist = {};	-- table of tables listing valid template parameter names; defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist --[[--------------------------< P A G E S C O P E V A R I A B L E S >-------------------------------------- delare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from other modules; thatare created here and used here ]] local added_deprecated_cat;	-- boolean flag so that the category is added only once local added_prop_cats = {};	-- list of property categories that have been added to z.properties_cats local added_vanc_errs;	-- boolean flag so we only emit one Vancouver error / category local Frame;	-- holds the module's frame table --[[--------------------------< F I R S T _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------ Locates and returns the first set value in a table of values where the order established in the table, left-to-right (or top-to-bottom), is the order in which the values are evaluated. Returns nil if none are set. This version replaces the original 'for _, val in pairs do' and a similar version that used ipairs. With the pairs version the order of evaluation could not be guaranteed. With the ipairs version, a nil value would terminate the for-loop before it reached the actual end of the list. ]] local function first_set (list, count)	local i = 1;	while i <= count do	-- loop through all items in list	if is_set( list[i] ) then	return list[i];	-- return the first set list member	end	i = i + 1;	-- point to next	end end --[[--------------------------< A D D _ P R O P _ C A T >-------------------------------------------------------- Adds a category to z.properties_cats using names from the configuration file with additional text if any. added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above ]] local function add_prop_cat (key, arguments)	if not added_prop_cats [key] then	added_prop_cats [key] = true;	-- note that we've added this category	table.insert( z.properties_cats, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table	end end --[[--------------------------< A D D _ V A N C _ E R R O R >---------------------------------------------------- Adds a single Vancouver system error message to the template's output regardless of how many error actually exist. To prevent duplication, added_vanc_errs is nil until an error message is emitted. added_vanc_errs is a boolean declared in page scope variables above ]] local function add_vanc_error (source)	if not added_vanc_errs then	added_vanc_errs = true;	-- note that we've added this category	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'vancouver', {source}, true ) } );	end end --[[--------------------------< I S _ S C H E M E >------------------------------------------------------------ does this thing that purports to be a uri scheme seem to be a valid scheme? The scheme is checked to see if it is in agreement with http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 which says:	Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus ("+"), period ("."), or hyphen ("-"). returns true if it does, else false ]] local function is_scheme (scheme)	return scheme and scheme:match ('^%a[%a%d%+%.%-]*:');	-- true if scheme is set and matches the pattern end --[=[-------------------------< I S _ D O M A I N _ N A M E >-------------------------------------------------- Does this thing that purports to be a domain name seem to be a valid domain name? Syntax defined here: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.5 BNF defined here: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4234 Single character names are generally reserved; see https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsind-iana-dns-01#page-15;	see also [[Single-letter second-level domain]] list of tlds: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db rfc952 (modified by rfc 1123) requires the first and last character of a hostname to be a letter or a digit. Between the first and last characters the name may use letters, digits, and the hyphen. Also allowed are IPv4 addresses. IPv6 not supported domain is expected to be stripped of any path so that the last character in the last character of the tld. tld is two or more alpha characters. Any preceding '//' (from splitting a url with a scheme) will be stripped here. Perhaps not necessary but retained incase it is necessary for IPv4 dot decimal. There are several tests:	the first character of the whole domain name including subdomains must be a letter or a digit	internationalized domain name (ascii characters with .xn-- ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) prefix xn-- in the tld) see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490	single-letter/digit second-level domains in the .org TLD	q, x, and z SL domains in the .com TLD	i and q SL domains in the .net TLD	single-letter SL domains in the ccTLDs (where the ccTLD is two letters)	two-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)	three-plus-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)	IPv4 dot-decimal address format; TLD not allowed returns true if domain appears to be a proper name and tld or IPv4 address, else false ]=] local function is_domain_name (domain)	if not domain then	return false;	-- if not set, abandon	end	domain = domain:gsub ('^//', '');	-- strip '//' from domain name if present; done here so we only have to do it once	if not domain:match ('^[%a%d]') then	-- first character must be letter or digit	return false;	end	-- Do most common case first	if domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d][%a%d%-]+[%a%d]%.%a%a+$') then	-- three or more character hostname.hostname or hostname.tld	return true;	elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d][%a%d%-]+[%a%d]%.xn%-%-[%a%d]+$') then	-- internationalized domain name with ACE prefix	return true;	elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d]%.org$') then	-- one character .org hostname	return true;	elseif domain:match ('%f[%a][qxz]%.com$') then	-- assigned one character .com hostname (x.com times out 2015-12-10)	return true;	elseif domain:match ('%f[%a][iq]%.net$') then	-- assigned one character .net hostname (q.net registered but not active 2015-12-10)	return true;	elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d]%.%a%a$') then	-- one character hostname and cctld (2 chars)	return true;	elseif domain:match ('%f[%a%d][%a%d][%a%d]%.%a%a+$') then	-- two character hostname and tld	return true;	elseif domain:match ('^%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?') then	-- IPv4 address	return true;	else	return false;	end end --[[--------------------------< I S _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------------ returns true if the scheme and domain parts of a url appear to be a valid url; else false. This function is the last step in the validation process. This function is separate because there are cases that are not covered by split_url(), for example is_parameter_ext_wikilink() which is looking for bracketted external wikilinks. ]] local function is_url (scheme, domain)	if is_set (scheme) then	-- if scheme is set check it and domain	return is_scheme (scheme) and is_domain_name (domain);	else	return is_domain_name (domain);	-- scheme not set when url is protocol relative	end end --[[--------------------------< S P L I T _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------ Split a url into a scheme, authority indicator, and domain. First remove Fully Qualified Domain Name terminator (a dot following tld) (if any) and any path(/), query(?) or fragment(#). If protocol relative url, return nil scheme and domain else return nil for both scheme and domain. When not protocol relative, get scheme, authority indicator, and domain. If there is an authority indicator (one or more '/' characters immediately following the scheme's colon), make sure that there are only 2. Strip off any port and path; ]] local function split_url (url_str)	local scheme, authority, domain;	url_str = url_str:gsub ('([%a%d])%.?[/%?#].*$', '%1');	-- strip FQDN terminator and path(/), query(?), fragment (#) (the capture prevents false replacement of '//')	if url_str:match ('^//%S*') then	-- if there is what appears to be a protocol relative url	domain = url_str:match ('^//(%S*)')	elseif url_str:match ('%S-:/*%S+') then	-- if there is what appears to be a scheme, optional authority indicator, and domain name	scheme, authority, domain = url_str:match ('(%S-:)(/*)(%S+)');	-- extract the scheme, authority indicator, and domain portions	authority = authority:gsub ('//', '', 1);	-- replace place 1 pair of '/' with nothing;	if is_set(authority) then	-- if anything left (1 or 3+ '/' where authority should be) then	return scheme;	-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message	end	domain = domain:gsub ('(%a):%d+', '%1');	-- strip port number if present	end	return scheme, domain; end --[[--------------------------< L I N K _ P A R A M _ O K >--------------------------------------------------- checks the content of |title-link=, |series-link=, |author-link= etc for properly formatted content: no wikilinks, no urls Link parameters are to hold the title of a wikipedia article so none of the WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS are allowed:	# < > [ ] | { } _ except the underscore which is used as a space in wiki urls and # which is used for section links returns false when the value contains any of these characters. When there are no illegal characters, this function returns TRUE if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid url (the |<param>-link= parameter is ok); else false when value appears to be a valid url (the |<param>-link= parameter is NOT ok). ]] local function link_param_ok (value)	local scheme, domain;	if value:find ('[<>%[%]|{}]') then	-- if any prohibited characters	return false;	end	scheme, domain = split_url (value);	-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from url;	return not is_url (scheme, domain);	-- return true if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid url end --[[--------------------------< L I N K _ T I T L E _ O K >--------------------------------------------------- Use link_param_ok() to validate |<param>-link= value and its matching |<title>= value. |<title>= may be wikilinked but not when |<param>-link= has a value. This function emits an error message when that condition exists ]] local function link_title_ok (link, lorig, title, torig) local orig;	if is_set (link) then	-- don't bother if <param>-link doesn't have a value	if not link_param_ok (link) then	-- check |<param>-link= markup	orig = lorig;	-- identify the failing link parameter	elseif title:find ('%[%[') then	-- check |title= for wikilink markup	orig = torig;	-- identify the failing |title= parameter	end	end	if is_set (orig) then	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'bad_paramlink', orig)});	-- url or wikilink in |title= with |title-link=;	end end --[[--------------------------< C H E C K _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------------ Determines whether a URL string appears to be valid. First we test for space characters. If any are found, return false. Then split the url into scheme and domain portions, or for protocol relative (//example.com) urls, just the domain. Use is_url() to validate the two portions of the url. If both are valid, or for protocol relative if domain is valid, return true, else false. Because it is different from a standard url, and because this module used external_link() to make external links that work for standard and news: links, we validate newsgroup names here. The specification for a newsgroup name is at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.4 ]] local function check_url( url_str )	if nil == url_str:match ("^%S+$") then	-- if there are any spaces in |url=value it can't be a proper url	return false;	end	local scheme, domain;	scheme, domain = split_url (url_str);	-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from url;	if 'news:' == scheme then	-- special case for newsgroups	return domain:match('^[%a%d%+%-_]+%.[%a%d%+%-_%.]*[%a%d%+%-_]$');	end	return is_url (scheme, domain);	-- return true if value appears to be a valid url end --[=[-------------------------< I S _ P A R A M E T E R _ E X T _ W I K I L I N K >---------------------------- Return true if a parameter value has a string that begins and ends with square brackets [ and ] and the first non-space characters following the opening bracket appear to be a url. The test will also find external wikilinks that use protocol relative urls. Also finds bare urls. The frontier pattern prevents a match on interwiki links which are similar to scheme:path urls. The tests that find bracketed urls are required because the parameters that call this test (currently |title=, |chapter=, |work=, and |publisher=) may have wikilinks and there are articles or redirects like '//Hus' so, while uncommon, |title=[[//Hus]] is possible as might be [[en://Hus]]. ]=] local function is_parameter_ext_wikilink (value) local scheme, domain;	if value:match ('%f[%[]%[%a%S*:%S+.*%]') then	-- if ext wikilink with scheme and domain: [xxxx://yyyyy.zzz]	scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(%a%S*:%S+).*%]'));	elseif value:match ('%f[%[]%[//%S+.*%]') then	-- if protocol relative ext wikilink: [//yyyyy.zzz]	scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(//%S+).*%]'));	elseif value:match ('%a%S*:%S+') then	-- if bare url with scheme; may have leading or trailing plain text	scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(%a%S*:%S+)'));	elseif value:match ('//%S+') then	-- if protocol relative bare url: //yyyyy.zzz; may have leading or trailing plain text	scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(//%S+)'));	-- what is left should be the domain	else	return false;	-- didn't find anything that is obviously a url	end	return is_url (scheme, domain);	-- return true if value appears to be a valid url end --[[-------------------------< C H E C K _ F O R _ U R L >----------------------------------------------------- loop through a list of parameters and their values. Look at the value and if it has an external link, emit an error message. ]] local function check_for_url (parameter_list) local error_message = '';	for k, v in pairs (parameter_list) do	-- for each parameter in the list	if is_parameter_ext_wikilink (v) then	-- look at the value; if there is a url add an error message	if is_set(error_message) then	-- once we've added the first portion of the error message ...	error_message=error_message .. ", ";	-- ... add a comma space separator	end	error_message=error_message .. "&#124;" .. k .. "=";	-- add the failed parameter	end	end	if is_set (error_message) then	-- done looping, if there is an error message, display it	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'param_has_ext_link', {error_message}, true ) } );	end end --[[--------------------------< S A F E _ F O R _ U R L >------------------------------------------------------ Escape sequences for content that will be used for URL descriptions ]] local function safe_for_url( str )	if str:match( "%[%[.-%]%]" ) ~= nil then	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'wikilink_in_url', {}, true ) } );	end	return str:gsub( '[%[%]\n]', {	['['] = '&#91;',	[']'] = '&#93;',	['\n'] = ' ' } ); end --[[--------------------------< E X T E R N A L _ L I N K >---------------------------------------------------- Format an external link with error checking ]] local function external_link( URL, label, source, access)	local error_str = "";	local domain;	local path;	local base_url;	if not is_set( label ) then	label = URL;	if is_set( source ) then	error_str = set_error( 'bare_url_missing_title', { wrap_style ('parameter', source) }, false, " " );	else	error( cfg.messages["bare_url_no_origin"] );	end	end	if not check_url( URL ) then	error_str = set_error( 'bad_url', {wrap_style ('parameter', source)}, false, " " ) .. error_str;	end	domain, path = URL:match ('^([/%.%-%+:%a%d]+)([/%?#].*)$');	-- split the url into scheme plus domain and path	if path then	-- if there is a path portion	path = path:gsub ('[%[%]]', {['[']='%5b',[']']='%5d'});	-- replace '[' and ']' with their percent encoded values	URL=domain..path;	-- and reassemble	end	if is_set (access) then	-- access level (subscription, registration, limited)	local label_head = '';	local label_tail;	local markup = '';	-- can't start a span inside italic markup and end it outside the italic markup	label = safe_for_url (label);	-- replace square brackets and newlines (is this necessary? already done above?)	if label:match ("(.*)%s+(.+)('''?)$") then	-- for italicized titles (cite book, etc)	label_head, label_tail, markup = label:match ("(.*)%s+(.+)('''?)$");	-- split the label at the right-most space; separate the markup	elseif label:match ("(.*)%s+(.+)$") then	-- for upright titles (journal, news, magazine, etc)	label_head, label_tail = label:match ("(.*)%s+(.+)$");	-- split the label at the right-most space; no markup	elseif label:match ("(.+)('''?)$") then	-- single word label with markup	label_tail, markup = label:match ("(.+)('''?)$");	-- save label text as label tail; separate the markup	else	label_tail = label;	end	base_url = table.concat (	{	'<span class="plainlinks">[',	-- opening css	URL,	-- the url	' ',	-- the required space	label_head,	-- all but the last word of the label	' <span class="nowrap">',	-- nowrap css for the last word and the signal icon	label_tail,	-- last (or only) word of the label inside the span	'<span style="padding-left:0.15em">',	-- signal spacing css	cfg.presentation[access],	-- the appropriate icon	'</span></span>',	-- close signal spacing and nowrap spans	markup,	-- insert italic markup if any	']</span>'	-- close the plain links span	});	else	base_url = table.concat({ "[", URL, " ", safe_for_url( label ), "]" });	-- no signal markup	end	return table.concat({ base_url, error_str }); end --[[--------------------------< D E P R E C A T E D _ P A R A M E T E R >-------------------------------------- Categorize and emit an error message when the citation contains one or more deprecated parameters. The function includes the offending parameter name to the error message. Only one error message is emitted regardless of the number of deprecated parameters in the citation. added_deprecated_cat is a boolean declared in page scope variables above ]] local function deprecated_parameter(name)	if not added_deprecated_cat then	added_deprecated_cat = true;	-- note that we've added this category	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'deprecated_params', {name}, true ) } );	-- add error message	end end --[[--------------------------< K E R N _ Q U O T E S >-------------------------------------------------------- Apply kerning to open the space between the quote mark provided by the Module and a leading or trailing quote mark contained in a |title= or |chapter= parameter's value. This function will positive kern either single or double quotes:	"'Unkerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks'"	" 'Kerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks' " (in real life the kerning isn't as wide as this example) Double single quotes (italic or bold wikimarkup) are not kerned. Replaces unicode quotemarks with typewriter quote marks regardless of the need for kerning. Call this function for chapter titles, for website titles, etc; not for book titles. ]] local function kern_quotes (str)	local cap='';	local cap2='';	-- TODO: move this elswhere so that all title-holding elements get these quote marks replaced? --	str= mw.ustring.gsub (str, '[“”]', '\"');	-- replace “” (U+201C & U+201D) with " (typewriter double quote mark) --	str= mw.ustring.gsub (str, '[‘’]', '\'');	-- replace ‘’ (U+2018 & U+2019) with ' (typewriter single quote mark)	cap, cap2 = str:match ("^([\"\'])([^\'].+)");	-- match leading double or single quote but not double single quotes	if is_set (cap) then	str = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], {cap, cap2});	end	cap, cap2 = str:match ("^(.+[^\'])([\"\'])$")	if is_set (cap) then	str = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], {cap, cap2});	end	return str; end --[[--------------------------< F O R M A T _ S C R I P T _ V A L U E >---------------------------------------- |script-title= holds title parameters that are not written in Latin based scripts: Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. These scripts should not be italicized and may be written right-to-left. The value supplied by |script-title= is concatenated onto Title after Title has been wrapped in italic markup. Regardless of language, all values provided by |script-title= are wrapped in <bdi>...</bdi> tags to isolate rtl languages from the English left to right. |script-title= provides a unique feature. The value in |script-title= may be prefixed with a two-character ISO639-1 language code and a colon:	|script-title=ja:*** *** (where * represents a Japanese character) Spaces between the two-character code and the colon and the colon and the first script character are allowed:	|script-title=ja : *** ***	|script-title=ja: *** ***	|script-title=ja :*** *** Spaces preceding the prefix are allowed: |script-title = ja:*** *** The prefix is checked for validity. If it is a valid ISO639-1 language code, the lang attribute (lang="ja") is added to the <bdi> tag so that browsers can know the language the tag contains. This may help the browser render the script more correctly. If the prefix is invalid, the lang attribute is not added. At this time there is no error message for this condition. Supports |script-title= and |script-chapter= TODO: error messages when prefix is invalid ISO639-1 code; when script_value has prefix but no script; ]] local function format_script_value (script_value)	local lang='';	-- initialize to empty string	local name;	if script_value:match('^%l%l%s*:') then	-- if first 3 non-space characters are script language prefix	lang = script_value:match('^(%l%l)%s*:%s*%S.*');	-- get the language prefix or nil if there is no script	if not is_set (lang) then	return '';	-- script_value was just the prefix so return empty string	end	-- if we get this far we have prefix and script	name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang, "en" );	-- get language name so that we can use it to categorize	if is_set (name) then	-- is prefix a proper ISO 639-1 language code?	script_value = script_value:gsub ('^%l%l%s*:%s*', '');	-- strip prefix from script	-- is prefix one of these language codes?	if in_array (lang, cfg.script_lang_codes) then	add_prop_cat ('script_with_name', {name, lang})	else	add_prop_cat ('script')	end	lang = ' lang="' .. lang .. '" ';	-- convert prefix into a lang attribute	else	lang = '';	-- invalid so set lang to empty string	end	end	script_value = substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {lang, script_value});	-- isolate in case script is rtl	return script_value; end --[[--------------------------< S C R I P T _ C O N C A T E N A T E >------------------------------------------ Initially for |title= and |script-title=, this function concatenates those two parameter values after the script value has been wrapped in <bdi> tags. ]] local function script_concatenate (title, script)	if is_set (script) then	script = format_script_value (script);	-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; returns empty string on error	if is_set (script) then	title = title .. ' ' .. script;	-- concatenate title and script title	end	end	return title; end --[[--------------------------< W R A P _ M S G >-------------------------------------------------------------- Applies additional message text to various parameter values. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list configuration taking one argument. Supports lower case text for {{citation}} templates. Additional text taken from citation_config.messages - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_style(). ]] local function wrap_msg (key, str, lower)	if not is_set( str ) then	return "";	end	if true == lower then	local msg;	msg = cfg.messages[key]:lower();	-- set the message to lower case before	return substitute( msg, str );	-- including template text	else	return substitute( cfg.messages[key], str );	end end --[[--------------------------< F O R M A T _ C H A P T E R _ T I T L E >-------------------------------------- Format the four chapter parameters: |script-chapter=, |chapter=, |trans-chapter=, and |chapter-url= into a single Chapter meta- parameter (chapter_url_source used for error messages). ]] local function format_chapter_title (scriptchapter, chapter, transchapter, chapterurl, chapter_url_source, no_quotes)	local chapter_error = '';	if not is_set (chapter) then	chapter = '';	-- to be safe for concatenation	else	if false == no_quotes then	chapter = kern_quotes (chapter);	-- if necessary, separate chapter title's leading and trailing quote marks from Module provided quote marks	chapter = wrap_style ('quoted-title', chapter);	end	end	chapter = script_concatenate (chapter, scriptchapter)	-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrapped	if is_set (transchapter) then	transchapter = wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', transchapter);	if is_set (chapter) then	chapter = chapter .. ' ' .. transchapter;	else	-- here when transchapter without chapter or script-chapter	chapter = transchapter;	--	chapter_error = ' ' .. set_error ('trans_missing_title', {'chapter'});	end	end	if is_set (chapterurl) then	chapter = external_link (chapterurl, chapter, chapter_url_source, nil);	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate	end	return chapter .. chapter_error; end --[[--------------------------< H A S _ I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R S >---------------------------------------- This function searches a parameter's value for nonprintable or invisible characters. The search stops at the first match. This function will detect the visible replacement character when it is part of the wikisource. Detects but ignores nowiki and math stripmarkers. Also detects other named stripmarkers (gallery, math, pre, ref) and identifies them with a slightly different error message. See also coins_cleanup(). Detects but ignores the character pattern that results from the transclusion of {{'}} templates. Output of this function is an error message that identifies the character or the Unicode group, or the stripmarker that was detected along with its position (or, for multi-byte characters, the position of its first byte) in the parameter value. ]] local function has_invisible_chars (param, v)	local position = '';	-- position of invisible char or starting position of stripmarker	local dummy;	-- end of matching string; not used but required to hold end position when a capture is returned	local capture;	-- used by stripmarker detection to hold name of the stripmarker	local i=1;	local stripmarker, apostrophe;	capture = string.match (v, '[%w%p ]*');	-- Test for values that are simple ASCII text and bypass other tests if true	if capture == v then	-- if same there are no unicode characters	return;	end	while cfg.invisible_chars[i] do	local char=cfg.invisible_chars[i][1]	-- the character or group name	local pattern=cfg.invisible_chars[i][2]	-- the pattern used to find it	position, dummy, capture = mw.ustring.find (v, pattern)	-- see if the parameter value contains characters that match the pattern	if position then	if 'nowiki' == capture or 'math' == capture then	-- nowiki, math stripmarker (not an error condition)	stripmarker = true;	-- set a flag	elseif true == stripmarker and 'delete' == char then	-- because stripmakers begin and end with the delete char, assume that we've found one end of a stripmarker	position = nil;	-- unset	else	local err_msg;	if capture then	err_msg = capture .. ' ' .. char;	else	err_msg = char .. ' ' .. 'character';	end	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invisible_char', {err_msg, wrap_style ('parameter', param), position}, true ) } );	-- add error message	return;	-- and done with this parameter	end	end	i=i+1;	-- bump our index	end end --[[--------------------------< A R G U M E N T _ W R A P P E R >---------------------------------------------- Argument wrapper. This function provides support for argument mapping defined in the configuration file so that multiple names can be transparently aliased to single internal variable. ]] local function argument_wrapper( args )	local origin = {};	return setmetatable({	ORIGIN = function( self, k )	local dummy = self[k]; --force the variable to be loaded.	return origin[k];	end	},	{	__index = function ( tbl, k )	if origin[k] ~= nil then	return nil;	end	local args, list, v = args, cfg.aliases[k];	if type( list ) == 'table' then	v, origin[k] = select_one( args, list, 'redundant_parameters' );	if origin[k] == nil then	origin[k] = ''; -- Empty string, not nil	end	elseif list ~= nil then	v, origin[k] = args[list], list;	else	-- maybe let through instead of raising an error?	-- v, origin[k] = args[k], k;	error( cfg.messages['unknown_argument_map'] );	end	-- Empty strings, not nil;	if v == nil then	v = cfg.defaults[k] or '';	origin[k] = '';	end	tbl = rawset( tbl, k, v );	return v;	end,	}); end --[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E >-------------------------------------------------------------- Looks for a parameter's name in one of several whitelists. Parameters in the whitelist can have three values:	true - active, supported parameters	false - deprecated, supported parameters	nil - unsupported parameters ]] --local function validate( name ) local function validate( name, cite_class )	local name = tostring( name );	local state;	if in_array (cite_class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) then	-- limited parameter sets allowed for these templates	state = whitelist.limited_basic_arguments[ name ];	if true == state then return true; end	-- valid actively supported parameter	if false == state then	deprecated_parameter (name);	-- parameter is deprecated but still supported	return true;	end	if 'arxiv' == cite_class then	-- basic parameters unique to these templates	state = whitelist.arxiv_basic_arguments[name];	end	if 'biorxiv' == cite_class then	state = whitelist.biorxiv_basic_arguments[name];	end	if 'citeseerx' == cite_class then	state = whitelist.citeseerx_basic_arguments[name];	end	if true == state then return true; end	-- valid actively supported parameter	if false == state then	deprecated_parameter (name);	-- parameter is deprecated but still supported	return true;	end	-- limited enumerated parameters list	name = name:gsub( "%d+", "#" );	-- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#)	state = whitelist.limited_numbered_arguments[ name ];	if true == state then return true; end	-- valid actively supported parameter	if false == state then	deprecated_parameter (name);	-- parameter is deprecated but still supported	return true;	end	return false;	-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil	end	-- end limited parameter-set templates	state = whitelist.basic_arguments[ name ];	-- all other templates; all normal parameters allowed	if true == state then return true; end	-- valid actively supported parameter	if false == state then	deprecated_parameter (name);	-- parameter is deprecated but still supported	return true;	end	-- all enumerated parameters allowed	name = name:gsub( "%d+", "#" );	-- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#	state = whitelist.numbered_arguments[ name ];	if true == state then return true; end	-- valid actively supported parameter	if false == state then	deprecated_parameter (name);	-- parameter is deprecated but still supported	return true;	end	return false;	-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil end --[[--------------------------< N O W R A P _ D A T E >-------------------------------------------------------- When date is YYYY-MM-DD format wrap in nowrap span: <span ...>YYYY-MM-DD</span>. When date is DD MMMM YYYY or is MMMM DD, YYYY then wrap in nowrap span: <span ...>DD MMMM</span> YYYY or <span ...>MMMM DD,</span> YYYY DOES NOT yet support MMMM YYYY or any of the date ranges. ]] local function nowrap_date (date)	local cap='';	local cap2='';	if date:match("^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$") then	date = substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap1'], date);	elseif date:match("^%a+%s*%d%d?,%s+%d%d%d%d$") or date:match ("^%d%d?%s*%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$") then	cap, cap2 = string.match (date, "^(.*)%s+(%d%d%d%d)$");	date = substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap2'], {cap, cap2});	end	return date; end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ T I T L E T Y P E >---------------------------------------------------- This function sets default title types (equivalent to the citation including |type=<default value>) for those templates that have defaults. Also handles the special case where it is desirable to omit the title type from the rendered citation (|type=none). ]] local function set_titletype (cite_class, title_type)	if is_set(title_type) then	if "none" == title_type then	title_type = "";	-- if |type=none then type parameter not displayed	end	return title_type;	-- if |type= has been set to any other value use that value	end	return cfg.title_types [cite_class] or '';	-- set template's default title type; else empty string for concatenation end --[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >-------------------------------------------------- Converts a hyphen to a dash ]] local function hyphen_to_dash( str )	if not is_set(str) or str:match( "[%[%]{}<>]" ) ~= nil then	return str;	end	return str:gsub( '-', '–' ); end --[[--------------------------< S A F E _ J O I N >------------------------------------------------------------ Joins a sequence of strings together while checking for duplicate separation characters. ]] local function safe_join( tbl, duplicate_char )	--[[	Note: we use string functions here, rather than ustring functions.	This has considerably faster performance and should work correctly as	long as the duplicate_char is strict ASCII. The strings	in tbl may be ASCII or UTF8.	]]	local str = '';	-- the output string	local comp = '';	-- what does 'comp' mean?	local end_chr = '';	local trim;	for _, value in ipairs( tbl ) do	if value == nil then value = ''; end	if str == '' then	-- if output string is empty	str = value;	-- assign value to it (first time through the loop)	elseif value ~= '' then	if value:sub(1,1) == '<' then	-- Special case of values enclosed in spans and other markup.	comp = value:gsub( "%b<>", "" );	-- remove html markup (<span>string</span> -> string)	else	comp = value;	end	-- typically duplicate_char is sepc	if comp:sub(1,1) == duplicate_char then	-- is first charactier same as duplicate_char? why test first character?	-- Because individual string segments often (always?) begin with terminal punct for th	-- preceding segment: 'First element' .. 'sepc next element' .. etc?	trim = false;	end_chr = str:sub(-1,-1);	-- get the last character of the output string	-- str = str .. "<HERE(enchr=" .. end_chr.. ")"	-- debug stuff?	if end_chr == duplicate_char then	-- if same as separator	str = str:sub(1,-2);	-- remove it	elseif end_chr == "'" then	-- if it might be wikimarkup	if str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. "''" then	-- if last three chars of str are sepc''	str = str:sub(1, -4) .. "''";	-- remove them and add back ''	elseif str:sub(-5,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]]''" then	-- if last five chars of str are sepc]]''	trim = true;	-- why? why do this and next differently from previous?	elseif str:sub(-4,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]''" then	-- if last four chars of str are sepc]''	trim = true;	-- same question	end	elseif end_chr == "]" then	-- if it might be wikimarkup	if str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]]" then	-- if last three chars of str are sepc]] wikilink	trim = true;	elseif str:sub(-2,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]" then	-- if last two chars of str are sepc] external link	trim = true;	elseif str:sub(-4,-1) == duplicate_char .. "'']" then	-- normal case when |url=something & |title=Title.	trim = true;	end	elseif end_chr == " " then	-- if last char of output string is a space	if str:sub(-2,-1) == duplicate_char .. " " then	-- if last two chars of str are <sepc><space>	str = str:sub(1,-3);	-- remove them both	end	end	if trim then	if value ~= comp then	-- value does not equal comp when value contains html markup	local dup2 = duplicate_char;	if dup2:match( "%A" ) then dup2 = "%" .. dup2; end	-- if duplicate_char not a letter then escape it	value = value:gsub( "(%b<>)" .. dup2, "%1", 1 )	-- remove duplicate_char if it follows html markup	else	value = value:sub( 2, -1 );	-- remove duplicate_char when it is first character	end	end	end	str = str .. value;	--add it to the output string	end	end	return str; end --[[--------------------------< I S _ S U F F I X >------------------------------------------------------------ returns true is suffix is properly formed Jr, Sr, or ordinal in the range 2–9. Puncutation not allowed. ]] local function is_suffix (suffix)	if in_array (suffix, {'Jr', 'Sr', '2nd', '3rd'}) or suffix:match ('^%dth$') then	return true;	end	return false; end --[[--------------------------< I S _ G O O D _ V A N C _ N A M E >-------------------------------------------- For Vancouver Style, author/editor names are supposed to be rendered in Latin (read ASCII) characters. When a name uses characters that contain diacritical marks, those characters are to converted to the corresponding Latin character. When a name is written using a non-Latin alphabet or logogram, that name is to be transliterated into Latin characters. These things are not currently possible in this module so are left to the editor to do. This test allows |first= and |last= names to contain any of the letters defined in the four Unicode Latin character sets	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf C0 Controls and Basic Latin] 0041–005A, 0061–007A	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement] 00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0100.pdf Latin Extended-A] 0100–017F	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0180.pdf Latin Extended-B] 0180–01BF, 01C4–024F |lastn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, and apostrophes. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/) |firstn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, apostrophes, and periods This original test:	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, "^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿDŽ-ɏ%-%s%']*$") or nil == mw.ustring.find (first, "^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿDŽ-ɏ%-%s%'%.]+[2-6%a]*$") then was written ouside of the code editor and pasted here because the code editor gets confused between character insertion point and cursor position. The test has been rewritten to use decimal character escape sequence for the individual bytes of the unicode characters so that it is not necessary to use an external editor to maintain this code.	\195\128-\195\150 – À-Ö (U+00C0–U+00D6 – C0 controls)	\195\152-\195\182 – Ø-ö (U+00D8-U+00F6 – C0 controls)	\195\184-\198\191 – ø-ƿ (U+00F8-U+01BF – C0 controls, Latin extended A & B)	\199\132-\201\143 – DŽ-ɏ (U+01C4-U+024F – Latin extended B) ]] local function is_good_vanc_name (last, first)	local first, suffix = first:match ('(.-),?%s*([%dJS][%drndth]+)%.?$') or first;	-- if first has something that looks like a generational suffix, get it	if is_set (suffix) then	if not is_suffix (suffix) then	add_vanc_error ('suffix');	return false;	-- not a name with an appropriate suffix	end	end	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, "^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%']*$") or	nil == mw.ustring.find (first, "^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%'%.]*$") then	add_vanc_error ('non-Latin character');	return false;	-- not a string of latin characters; Vancouver requires Romanization	end;	return true; end --[[--------------------------< R E D U C E _ T O _ I N I T I A L S >------------------------------------------ Attempts to convert names to initials in support of |name-list-format=vanc. Names in |firstn= may be separated by spaces or hyphens, or for initials, a period. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35062/. Vancouver style requires family rank designations (Jr, II, III, etc) to be rendered as Jr, 2nd, 3rd, etc. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35085/. This code only accepts and understands generational suffix in the Vancouver format because Roman numerals look like, and can be mistaken for, initials. This function uses ustring functions because firstname initials may be any of the unicode Latin characters accepted by is_good_vanc_name (). ]] local function reduce_to_initials(first)	local name, suffix = mw.ustring.match(first, "^(%u+) ([%dJS][%drndth]+)$");	if not name then	-- if not initials and a suffix	name = mw.ustring.match(first, "^(%u+)$");	-- is it just intials?	end	if name then	-- if first is initials with or without suffix	if 3 > mw.ustring.len (name) then	-- if one or two initials	if suffix then	-- if there is a suffix	if is_suffix (suffix) then	-- is it legitimate?	return first;	-- one or two initials and a valid suffix so nothing to do	else	add_vanc_error ('suffix');	-- one or two initials with invalid suffix so error message	return first;	-- and return first unmolested	end	else	return first;	-- one or two initials without suffix; nothing to do	end	end	end	-- if here then name has 3 or more uppercase letters so treat them as a word	local initials, names = {}, {};	-- tables to hold name parts and initials	local i = 1;	-- counter for number of initials	names = mw.text.split (first, '[%s,]+');	-- split into a table of names and possible suffix	while names[i] do	-- loop through the table	if 1 < i and names[i]:match ('[%dJS][%drndth]+%.?$') then	-- if not the first name, and looks like a suffix (may have trailing dot)	names[i] = names[i]:gsub ('%.', '');	-- remove terminal dot if present	if is_suffix (names[i]) then	-- if a legitimate suffix	table.insert (initials, ' ' .. names[i]);	-- add a separator space, insert at end of initials table	break;	-- and done because suffix must fall at the end of a name	end	-- no error message if not a suffix; possibly because of Romanization	end	if 3 > i then	table.insert (initials, mw.ustring.sub(names[i],1,1));	-- insert the intial at end of initials table	end	i = i+1;	-- bump the counter	end	return table.concat(initials)	-- Vancouver format does not include spaces. end --[[--------------------------< L I S T _ P E O P L E >------------------------------------------------------- Formats a list of people (e.g. authors / editors) ]] local function list_people(control, people, etal)	local sep;	local namesep;	local format = control.format	local maximum = control.maximum	local lastauthoramp = control.lastauthoramp;	local text = {}	if 'vanc' == format then	-- Vancouver-like author/editor name styling?	sep = ',';	-- name-list separator between authors is a comma	namesep = ' ';	-- last/first separator is a space	elseif 'mla' == control.mode then	sep = ',';	-- name-list separator between authors is a comma	namesep = ', '	-- last/first separator is <comma><space>	else	sep = ';'	-- name-list separator between authors is a semicolon	namesep = ', '	-- last/first separator is <comma><space>	end	if sep:sub(-1,-1) ~= " " then sep = sep .. " " end	if is_set (maximum) and maximum < 1 then return "", 0; end	-- returned 0 is for EditorCount; not used for authors	for i,person in ipairs(people) do	if is_set(person.last) then	local mask = person.mask	local one	local sep_one = sep;	if is_set (maximum) and i > maximum then	etal = true;	break;	elseif (mask ~= nil) then	local n = tonumber(mask)	if (n ~= nil) then	one = string.rep("&mdash;",n)	else	one = mask;	sep_one = " ";	end	else	one = person.last	local first = person.first	if is_set(first) then	if 'mla' == control.mode then	if i == 1 then	-- for mla	one = one .. namesep .. first;	-- first name last, first	else	-- all other names	one = first .. ' ' .. one;	-- first last	end	else	if ( "vanc" == format ) then	-- if vancouver format	one = one:gsub ('%.', '');	-- remove periods from surnames (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)	if not person.corporate and is_good_vanc_name (one, first) then	-- and name is all Latin characters; corporate authors not tested	first = reduce_to_initials(first)	-- attempt to convert first name(s) to initials	end	end	one = one .. namesep .. first;	end	end	if is_set(person.link) and person.link ~= control.page_name then	one = "[[" .. person.link .. "|" .. one .. "]]"	-- link author/editor if this page is not the author's/editor's page	end	end	table.insert( text, one )	table.insert( text, sep_one )	end	end	local count = #text / 2;	-- (number of names + number of separators) divided by 2	if count > 0 then	if count > 1 and is_set(lastauthoramp) and not etal then	if 'mla' == control.mode then	text[#text-2] = ", and ";	-- replace last separator with ', and ' text	else	text[#text-2] = " & ";	-- replace last separator with ampersand text	end	end	text[#text] = nil;	-- erase the last separator	end	local result = table.concat(text)	-- construct list	if etal and is_set (result) then	-- etal may be set by |display-authors=etal but we might not have a last-first list	result = result .. sep .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];	-- we've go a last-first list and etal so add et al.	end	return result, count end --[[--------------------------< A N C H O R _ I D >------------------------------------------------------------ Generates a CITEREF anchor ID if we have at least one name or a date. Otherwise returns an empty string. namelist is one of the contributor-, author-, or editor-name lists chosen in that order. year is Year or anchor_year. ]] local function anchor_id (namelist, year)	local names={};	-- a table for the one to four names and year	for i,v in ipairs (namelist) do	-- loop through the list and take up to the first four last names	names[i] = v.last	if i == 4 then break end	-- if four then done	end	table.insert (names, year);	-- add the year at the end	local id = table.concat(names);	-- concatenate names and year for CITEREF id	if is_set (id) then	-- if concatenation is not an empty string	return "CITEREF" .. id;	-- add the CITEREF portion	else	return '';	-- return an empty string; no reason to include CITEREF id in this citation	end end --[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ E T A L >---------------------------------------------------- Evaluates the content of author and editor name parameters for variations on the theme of et al. If found, the et al. is removed, a flag is set to true and the function returns the modified name and the flag. This function never sets the flag to false but returns it's previous state because it may have been set by previous passes through this function or by the parameters |display-authors=etal or |display-editors=etal ]] local function name_has_etal (name, etal, nocat)	if is_set (name) then	-- name can be nil in which case just return	local etal_pattern = "[;,]? *[\"']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt] *[Aa][Ll][%.\"']*$"	-- variations on the 'et al' theme	local others_pattern = "[;,]? *%f[%a]and [Oo]thers";	-- and alternate to et al.	if name:match (etal_pattern) then	-- variants on et al.	name = name:gsub (etal_pattern, '');	-- if found, remove	etal = true;	-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-authors=etal)	if not nocat then	-- no categorization for |vauthors=	add_maint_cat ('etal');	-- and add a category if not already added	end	elseif name:match (others_pattern) then	-- if not 'et al.', then 'and others'?	name = name:gsub (others_pattern, '');	-- if found, remove	etal = true;	-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-authors=etal)	if not nocat then	-- no categorization for |vauthors=	add_maint_cat ('etal');	-- and add a category if not already added	end	end	end	return name, etal;	-- end --[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ E D _ M A R K U P >------------------------------------------ Evaluates the content of author and editor parameters for extranious editor annotations: ed, ed., eds, (Ed.), etc. These annotation do not belong in author parameters and are redundant in editor parameters. If found, the function adds the editor markup maintenance category. ]] local function name_has_ed_markup (name, list_name)	local _, pattern;	local patterns = {	-- these patterns match annotations at end of name	'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$',	-- (ed) or (eds): leading '(', case insensitive 'ed', optional 's', '.' and/or ')'	'[,%.%s]%f[e]eds?%.?$',	-- ed or eds: without '('or ')'; case sensitive (ED could be initials Ed could be name)	'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$',	-- (editor) or (editors): leading '(', case insensitive, optional '.' and/or ')'	'[,%.%s]%f[Ee][Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%.?$',	-- editor or editors: without '('or ')'; case insensitive	-- these patterns match annotations at beginning of name	'^eds?[%.,;]',	-- ed. or eds.: lower case only, optional 's', requires '.'	'^[%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]',	-- (ed) or (eds): also sqare brackets, case insensitive, optional 's', '.'	'^[%(%[]?%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Oo][Rr][Ss]?%A',	-- (editor or (editors: also sq brackets, case insensitive, optional brackets, 's'	'^[%(%[]?%s*[Ee][Dd][Ii][Tt][Ee][Dd]%A',	-- (edited: also sq brackets, case insensitive, optional brackets	}	if is_set (name) then	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do	-- spin through patterns table and	if name:match (pattern) then	add_maint_cat ('extra_text_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint cat for this template	break;	end	end	end	return name;	-- and done end --[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ M U L T _ N A M E S >---------------------------------------- Evaluates the content of author and editor (surnames only) parameters for multiple names. Multiple names are indicated if there is more than one comma and or semicolon. If found, the function adds the multiple name (author or editor) maintenance category. ]] local function name_has_mult_names (name, list_name) local count, _;	if is_set (name) then	_, count = name:gsub ('[;,]', '');	-- count the number of separator-like characters	if 1 < count then	-- param could be |author= or |editor= so one separator character is acceptable	add_maint_cat ('mult_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- more than one separator indicates multiple names so add a maint cat for this template	end	end	return name;	-- and done end --[[--------------------------< N A M E _ C H E C K S >-------------------------------------------------------- This function calls various name checking functions used to validate the content of the various name-holding parameters. ]] local function name_checks (last, first, list_name)	if is_set (last) then	if last:match ('^%(%(.*%)%)$') then	-- if wrapped in doubled parentheses, accept as written	last = last:match ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$');	-- strip parens	else	last = name_has_mult_names (last, list_name);	-- check for multiple names in the parameter (last only)	last = name_has_ed_markup (last, list_name);	-- check for extraneous 'editor' annotation	end	end	if is_set (first) then	if first:match ('^%(%(.*%)%)$') then	-- if wrapped in doubled parentheses, accept as written	first = first:match ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$');	-- strip parens	else	first = name_has_ed_markup (first, list_name);	-- check for extraneous 'editor' annotation	end	end	return last, first;	-- done	end --[[--------------------------< E X T R A C T _ N A M E S >---------------------------------------------------- Gets name list from the input arguments Searches through args in sequential order to find |lastn= and |firstn= parameters (or their aliases), and their matching link and mask parameters. Stops searching when both |lastn= and |firstn= are not found in args after two sequential attempts: found |last1=, |last2=, and |last3= but doesn't find |last4= and |last5= then the search is done. This function emits an error message when there is a |firstn= without a matching |lastn=. When there are 'holes' in the list of last names, |last1= and |last3= are present but |last2= is missing, an error message is emitted. |lastn= is not required to have a matching |firstn=. When an author or editor parameter contains some form of 'et al.', the 'et al.' is stripped from the parameter and a flag (etal) returned that will cause list_people() to add the static 'et al.' text from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration. This keeps 'et al.' out of the template's metadata. When this occurs, the page is added to a maintenance category. ]] local function extract_names(args, list_name)	local names = {};	-- table of names	local last;	-- individual name components	local first;	local link;	local mask;	local i = 1;	-- loop counter/indexer	local n = 1;	-- output table indexer	local count = 0;	-- used to count the number of times we haven't found a |last= (or alias for authors, |editor-last or alias for editors)	local etal=false;	-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. in an author parameter	local err_msg_list_name = list_name:match ("(%w+)List") .. 's list';	-- modify AuthorList or EditorList for use in error messages if necessary	while true do	last = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'redundant_parameters', i );	-- search through args for name components beginning at 1	first = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'redundant_parameters', i );	link = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'redundant_parameters', i );	mask = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'redundant_parameters', i );	last, etal = name_has_etal (last, etal, false);	-- find and remove variations on et al.	first, etal = name_has_etal (first, etal, false);	-- find and remove variations on et al.	last, first= name_checks (last, first, list_name);	-- multiple names, extraneous annotation, etc checks	if first and not last then	-- if there is a firstn without a matching lastn	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'first_missing_last', {err_msg_list_name, i}, true ) } );	-- add this error message	elseif not first and not last then	-- if both firstn and lastn aren't found, are we done?	count = count + 1;	-- number of times we haven't found last and first	if 2 <= count then	-- two missing names and we give up	break;	-- normal exit or there is a two-name hole in the list; can't tell which	end	else	-- we have last with or without a first	link_title_ok (link, list_name:match ("(%w+)List"):lower() .. '-link' .. i, last, list_name:match ("(%w+)List"):lower() .. '-last' .. i);	-- check for improper wikimarkup	names[n] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate=false};	-- add this name to our names list (corporate for |vauthors= only)	n = n + 1;	-- point to next location in the names table	if 1 == count then	-- if the previous name was missing	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'missing_name', {err_msg_list_name, i-1}, true ) } );	-- add this error message	end	count = 0;	-- reset the counter, we're looking for two consecutive missing names	end	i = i + 1;	-- point to next args location	end	return names, etal;	-- all done, return our list of names end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ I S O 6 3 9 _ C O D E >------------------------------------------------ Validates language names provided in |language= parameter if not an ISO639-1 or 639-2 code. Returns the language name and associated two- or three-character code. Because case of the source may be incorrect or different from the case that WikiMedia uses, the name comparisons are done in lower case and when a match is found, the Wikimedia version (assumed to be correct) is returned along with the code. When there is no match, we return the original language name string. mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(<local wiki language>, 'all') return a list of languages that in some cases may include extensions. For example, code 'cbk-zam' and its associated name 'Chavacano de Zamboanga' (MediaWiki does not support code 'cbk' or name 'Chavacano'. Names but that are included in the list will be found if that name is provided in the |language= parameter. For example, if |language=Chavacano de Zamboanga, that name will be found with the associated code 'cbk-zam'. When names are found and the associated code is not two or three characters, this function returns only the Wikimedia language name. Adapted from code taken from Module:Check ISO 639-1. ]] local function get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code)	if 'bangla' == lang:lower() then	-- special case related to Wikimedia remap of code 'bn' at mw:Extension:CLDR	return 'Bengali', 'bn';	-- make sure rendered version is properly capitalized	end	local languages = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(this_wiki_code, 'all')	-- get a list of language names known to Wikimedia	-- ('all' is required for North Ndebele, South Ndebele, and Ojibwa)	local langlc = mw.ustring.lower(lang);	-- lower case version for comparisons	for code, name in pairs(languages) do	-- scan the list to see if we can find our language	if langlc == mw.ustring.lower(name) then	if 2 ~= code:len() and 3 ~= code:len() then	-- two- or three-character codes only; extensions not supported	return name;	-- so return the name but not the code	end	return name, code;	-- found it, return name to ensure proper capitalization and the the code	end	end	return lang;	-- not valid language; return language in original case and nil for the code end --[[--------------------------< L A N G U A G E _ P A R A M E T E R >------------------------------------------ Gets language name from a provided two- or three-character ISO 639 code. If a code is recognized by MediaWiki, use the returned name; if not, then use the value that was provided with the language parameter. When |language= contains a recognized language (either code or name), the page is assigned to the category for that code: Category:Norwegian-language sources (no). For valid three-character code languages, the page is assigned to the single category for '639-2' codes: Category:CS1 ISO 639-2 language sources. Languages that are the same as the local wiki are not categorized. MediaWiki does not recognize three-character equivalents of two-character codes: code 'ar' is recognized bit code 'ara' is not. This function supports multiple languages in the form |language=nb, French, th where the language names or codes are separated from each other by commas. ]] local function language_parameter (lang)	local code;	-- the two- or three-character language code	local name;	-- the language name	local language_list = {};	-- table of language names to be rendered	local names_table = {};	-- table made from the value assigned to |language=	local this_wiki = mw.getContentLanguage();	-- get a language object for this wiki	local this_wiki_code = this_wiki:getCode()	-- get this wiki's language code	local this_wiki_name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName(this_wiki_code, this_wiki_code);	-- get this wiki's language name	names_table = mw.text.split (lang, '%s*,%s*');	-- names should be a comma separated list	for _, lang in ipairs (names_table) do	-- reuse lang	if lang:match ('^%a%a%-') then	-- strip ietf language tags from code; TODO: is there a need to support 3-char with tag?	lang = lang:match ('(%a%a)%-')	-- keep only 639-1 code portion to lang; TODO: do something with 3166 alpha 2 country code?	end	if 2 == lang:len() or 3 == lang:len() then	-- if two-or three-character code	name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang:lower(), this_wiki_code);	-- get language name if |language= is a proper code	end	if is_set (name) then	-- if |language= specified a valid code	code = lang:lower();	-- save it	else	name, code = get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code);	-- attempt to get code from name (assign name here so that we are sure of proper capitalization)	end	if is_set (code) then	-- only 2- or 3-character codes	if 'bn' == code then name = 'Bengali' end;	-- override wikimedia when code is 'bn'	if this_wiki_code ~= code then	-- when the language is not the same as this wiki's language	if 2 == code:len() then	-- and is a two-character code	add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source', {name, code})	-- categorize it	else	-- or is a recognized language (but has a three-character code)	add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source_2', {code})	-- categorize it differently TODO: support mutliple three-character code categories per cs1|2 template	end	end	else	add_maint_cat ('unknown_lang');	-- add maint category if not already added	end	table.insert (language_list, name);	name = '';	-- so we can reuse it	end	code = #language_list	-- reuse code as number of languages in the list	if 2 >= code then	name = table.concat (language_list, ' and ')	-- insert '<space>and<space>' between two language names	elseif 2 < code then	language_list[code] = 'and ' .. language_list[code];	-- prepend last name with 'and<space>'	name = table.concat (language_list, ', ')	-- and concatenate with '<comma><space>' separators	end	if this_wiki_name == name then	return '';	-- if one language and that language is this wiki's return an empty string (no annotation)	end	return (" " .. wrap_msg ('language', name));	-- otherwise wrap with '(in ...)'	--[[ TODO: should only return blank or name rather than full list	so we can clean up the bunched parenthetical elements Language, Type, Format	]] end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ C S 1 _ S T Y L E >---------------------------------------------------- Set style settings for CS1 citation templates. Returns separator and postscript settings ]] local function set_cs1_style (ps)	if not is_set (ps) then	-- unless explicitely set to something	ps = '.';	-- terminate the rendered citation with a period	end	return '.', ps;	-- separator is a full stop end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ C S 2 _ S T Y L E >---------------------------------------------------- Set style settings for CS2 citation templates. Returns separator, postscript, ref settings ]] local function set_cs2_style (ps, ref)	if not is_set (ps) then	-- if |postscript= has not been set, set cs2 default	ps = '';	-- make sure it isn't nil	end	if not is_set (ref) then	-- if |ref= is not set	ref = "harv";	-- set default |ref=harv	end	return ',', ps, ref;	-- separator is a comma end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ S E T T I N G S _ F R O M _ C I T E _ C L A S S >---------------------- When |mode= is not set or when its value is invalid, use config.CitationClass and parameter values to establish rendered style. ]] local function get_settings_from_cite_class (ps, ref, cite_class)	local sep;	if (cite_class == "citation") then	-- for citation templates (CS2)	sep, ps, ref = set_cs2_style (ps, ref);	else	-- not a citation template so CS1	sep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);	end	return sep, ps, ref	-- return them all end --[[--------------------------< S E T _ S T Y L E >------------------------------------------------------------ Establish basic style settings to be used when rendering the citation. Uses |mode= if set and valid or uses config.CitationClass from the template's #invoke: to establish style. ]] local function set_style (mode, ps, ref, cite_class)	local sep;	if 'cs2' == mode then	-- if this template is to be rendered in CS2 (citation) style	sep, ps, ref = set_cs2_style (ps, ref);	elseif 'cs1' == mode then	-- if this template is to be rendered in CS1 (cite xxx) style	sep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);	elseif 'mla' == mode then	-- if this template is to be rendered in mla style use cs1 for bot cs1 & cs2 templates	sep, ps = set_cs1_style (ps);	else	-- anything but cs1 or cs2	sep, ps, ref = get_settings_from_cite_class (ps, ref, cite_class);	-- get settings based on the template's CitationClass	end	if 'none' == ps:lower() then	-- if assigned value is 'none' then	ps = '';	-- set to empty string	end	return sep, ps, ref end --[=[-------------------------< I S _ P D F >------------------------------------------------------------------ Determines if a url has the file extension that is one of the pdf file extensions used by [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] when applying the pdf icon to external links. returns true if file extension is one of the recognized extension, else false ]=] local function is_pdf (url)	return url:match ('%.pdf[%?#]?') or url:match ('%.PDF[%?#]?'); end --[[--------------------------< S T Y L E _ F O R M A T >------------------------------------------------------ Applies css style to |format=, |chapter-format=, etc. Also emits an error message if the format parameter does not have a matching url parameter. If the format parameter is not set and the url contains a file extension that is recognized as a pdf document by MediaWiki's commons.css, this code will set the format parameter to (PDF) with the appropriate styling. ]] local function style_format (format, url, fmt_param, url_param)	if is_set (format) then	format = wrap_style ('format', format);	-- add leading space, parenthases, resize	if not is_set (url) then	format = format .. set_error( 'format_missing_url', {fmt_param, url_param} );	-- add an error message	end	elseif is_pdf (url) then	-- format is not set so if url is a pdf file then	format = wrap_style ('format', 'PDF');	-- set format to pdf	else	format = '';	-- empty string for concatenation	end	return format; end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ D I S P L A Y _ A U T H O R S _ E D I T O R S >------------------------ Returns a number that defines the number of names displayed for author and editor name lists and a boolean flag to indicate when et al. should be appended to the name list. When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is a number greater than or equal to zero, return the number and the previous state of the 'etal' flag (false by default but may have been set to true if the name list contains some variant of the text 'et al.'). When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is the keyword 'etal', return a number that is one greater than the number of authors in the list and set the 'etal' flag true. This will cause the list_people() to display all of the names in the name list followed by 'et al.' In all other cases, returns nil and the previous state of the 'etal' flag. inputs:	max: A['DisplayAuthors'] or A['DisplayEditors']; a number or some flavor of etal	count: #a or #e	list_name: 'authors' or 'editors'	etal: author_etal or editor_etal ]] local function get_display_authors_editors (max, count, list_name, etal)	if is_set (max) then	if 'etal' == max:lower():gsub("[ '%.]", '') then	-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings	max = count + 1;	-- number of authors + 1 so display all author name plus et al.	etal = true;	-- overrides value set by extract_names()	elseif max:match ('^%d+$') then	-- if is a string of numbers	max = tonumber (max);	-- make it a number	if max >= count then	-- if |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of authors/editors	add_maint_cat ('disp_auth_ed', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	end	else	-- not a valid keyword or number	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {'display-' .. list_name, max}, true ) } );	-- add error message	max = nil;	-- unset; as if |display-xxxxors= had not been set	end	end	return max, etal; end --[[--------------------------< E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ P A G E _ C H E C K >------------------------------ Adds page to Category:CS1 maint: extra text if |page= or |pages= has what appears to be some form of p. or pp. abbreviation in the first characters of the parameter content. check Page and Pages for extraneous p, p., pp, and pp. at start of parameter value:	good pattern: '^P[^%.P%l]' matches when |page(s)= begins PX or P# but not Px where x and X are letters and # is a dgiit	bad pattern: '^[Pp][Pp]' matches matches when |page(s)= begins pp or pP or Pp or PP ]] local function extra_text_in_page_check (page) --	local good_pattern = '^P[^%.P%l]';	local good_pattern = '^P[^%.Pp]';	-- ok to begin with uppercase P: P7 (pg 7 of section P) but not p123 (page 123) TODO: add Gg for PG or Pg? --	local bad_pattern = '^[Pp][Pp]';	local bad_pattern = '^[Pp]?[Pp]%.?[ %d]';	if not page:match (good_pattern) and (page:match (bad_pattern) or page:match ('^[Pp]ages?')) then	add_maint_cat ('extra_text');	end --	if Page:match ('^[Pp]?[Pp]%.?[ %d]') or Page:match ('^[Pp]ages?[ %d]') or --	Pages:match ('^[Pp]?[Pp]%.?[ %d]') or Pages:match ('^[Pp]ages?[ %d]') then --	add_maint_cat ('extra_text'); --	end end --[[--------------------------< G E T _ V _ N A M E _ T A B L E >---------------------------------------------- split apart a |vautthors= or |veditors= parameter. This function allows for corporate names, wrapped in doubled parentheses to also have commas; in the old version of the code, the doubled parnetheses were included in the rendered citation and in the metadata.	|vauthors=Jones AB, White EB, ((Black, Brown, and Co.)) This code is experimental and may not be retained. ]] local function get_v_name_table (vparam, output_table)	local name_table = mw.text.split(vparam, "%s*,%s*");	-- names are separated by commas	local i = 1;	while name_table[i] do	if name_table[i]:match ('^%(%(.*[^%)][^%)]$') then	-- first segment of corporate with one or more commas; this segment has the opening doubled parens	local name = name_table[i];	i=i+1;	-- bump indexer to next segment	while name_table[i] do	name = name .. ', ' .. name_table[i];	-- concatenate with previous segments	if name_table[i]:match ('^.*%)%)$') then	-- if this table member has the closing doubled parens	break;	-- and done reassembling so	end	i=i+1;	-- bump indexer	end	table.insert (output_table, name);	-- and add corporate name to the output table	else	table.insert (output_table, name_table[i]);	-- add this name	end	i = i+1;	end	return output_table; end --[[--------------------------< P A R S E _ V A U T H O R S _ V E D I T O R S >-------------------------------- This function extracts author / editor names from |vauthors= or |veditors= and finds matching |xxxxor-maskn= and |xxxxor-linkn= in args. It then returns a table of assembled names just as extract_names() does. Author / editor names in |vauthors= or |veditors= must be in Vancouver system style. Corporate or institutional names may sometimes be required and because such names will often fail the is_good_vanc_name() and other format compliance tests, are wrapped in doubled paranethese ((corporate name)) to suppress the format tests. Supports generational suffixes Jr, 2nd, 3rd, 4th–6th. This function sets the vancouver error when a reqired comma is missing and when there is a space between an author's initials. ]] local function parse_vauthors_veditors (args, vparam, list_name)	local names = {};	-- table of names assembled from |vauthors=, |author-maskn=, |author-linkn=	local v_name_table = {};	local etal = false;	-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. vauthors parameter	local last, first, link, mask, suffix;	local corporate = false;	vparam, etal = name_has_etal (vparam, etal, true);	-- find and remove variations on et al. do not categorize (do it here because et al. might have a period)	if vparam:find ('%[%[') or vparam:find ('%]%]')	then	-- no wikilinking vauthors names	add_vanc_error ('wikilink');	end	v_name_table = get_v_name_table (vparam, v_name_table);	-- names are separated by commas	for i, v_name in ipairs(v_name_table) do	if v_name:match ('^%(%(.+%)%)$') then	-- corporate authors are wrapped in doubled parentheses to supress vanc formatting and error detection	first = '';	-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor	last = v_name:match ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$')	-- remove doubled parntheses	corporate = true;	-- flag used in list_people()	elseif string.find(v_name, "%s") then	if v_name:find('[;%.]') then	-- look for commonly occurring punctuation characters;	add_vanc_error ('punctuation');	end	local lastfirstTable = {}	lastfirstTable = mw.text.split(v_name, "%s")	first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);	-- removes and returns value of last element in table which should be author intials	if is_suffix (first) then	-- if a valid suffix	suffix = first	-- save it as a suffix and	first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);	-- get what should be the initials from the table	end	-- no suffix error message here because letter combination may be result of Romanization; check for digits?	last = table.concat(lastfirstTable, " ")	-- returns a string that is the concatenation of all other names that are not initials	if mw.ustring.match (last, '%a+%s+%u+%s+%a+') then	add_vanc_error ('missing comma');	-- matches last II last; the case when a comma is missing	end	if mw.ustring.match (v_name, ' %u %u$') then	-- this test is in the wrong place TODO: move or replace with a more appropriate test	add_vanc_error ('name');	-- matches a space between two intiials	end	else	first = '';	-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor	last = v_name;	-- last name or single corporate name? Doesn't support multiword corporate names? do we need this?	end	if is_set (first) then	if not mw.ustring.match (first, "^%u?%u$") then	-- first shall contain one or two upper-case letters, nothing else	add_vanc_error ('initials');	-- too many initials; mixed case initials (which may be ok Romanization); hyphenated initials	end	is_good_vanc_name (last, first);	-- check first and last before restoring the suffix which may have a non-Latin digit	if is_set (suffix) then	first = first .. ' ' .. suffix;	-- if there was a suffix concatenate with the initials	suffix = '';	-- unset so we don't add this suffix to all subsequent names	end	else	if not corporate then	is_good_vanc_name (last, '');	end	end	-- this from extract_names ()	link = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'redundant_parameters', i );	mask = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'redundant_parameters', i );	names[i] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate=corporate};	-- add this assembled name to our names list	end	return names, etal;	-- all done, return our list of names end --[[--------------------------< S E L E C T _ A U T H O R _ E D I T O R _ S O U R C E >------------------------ Select one of |authors=, |authorn= / |lastn / firstn=, or |vauthors= as the source of the author name list or select one of |editors=, |editorn= / editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= or |veditors= as the source of the editor name list. Only one of these appropriate three will be used. The hierarchy is: |authorn= (and aliases) highest and |authors= lowest and similarly, |editorn= (and aliases) highest and |editors= lowest When looking for |authorn= / |editorn= parameters, test |xxxxor1= and |xxxxor2= (and all of their aliases); stops after the second test which mimicks the test used in extract_names() when looking for a hole in the author name list. There may be a better way to do this, I just haven't discovered what that way is. Emits an error message when more than one xxxxor name source is provided. In this function, vxxxxors = vauthors or veditors; xxxxors = authors or editors as appropriate. ]] local function select_author_editor_source (vxxxxors, xxxxors, args, list_name) local lastfirst = false;	if select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 1 ) or	-- do this twice incase we have a |first1= without a |last1=; this ...	select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 1 ) or	-- ... also catches the case where |first= is used with |vauthors=	select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 2 ) or	select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 2 ) then	lastfirst=true;	end	if (is_set (vxxxxors) and true == lastfirst) or	-- these are the three error conditions	(is_set (vxxxxors) and is_set (xxxxors)) or	(true == lastfirst and is_set (xxxxors)) then	local err_name;	if 'AuthorList' == list_name then	-- figure out which name should be used in error message	err_name = 'author';	else	err_name = 'editor';	end	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters',	{err_name .. '-name-list parameters'}, true ) } );	-- add error message	end	if true == lastfirst then return 1 end;	-- return a number indicating which author name source to use	if is_set (vxxxxors) then return 2 end;	if is_set (xxxxors) then return 3 end;	return 1;	-- no authors so return 1; this allows missing author name test to run in case there is a first without last end --[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ P A R A M E T E R _ V A L U E >------------------------------ This function is used to validate a parameter's assigned value for those parameters that have only a limited number of allowable values (yes, y, true, no, etc). When the parameter value has not been assigned a value (missing or empty in the source template) the function refurns true. If the parameter value is one of the list of allowed values returns true; else, emits an error message and returns false. ]] local function is_valid_parameter_value (value, name, possible, cite_class) -- begin hack to limit |mode=mla to a specific set of templates	if ('mode' == name) and ('mla' == value) and not in_array (cite_class, {'book', 'journal', 'news'}) then	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {name, value}, true ) } );	-- not an allowed value so add error message	return false	end -- end hack	if not is_set (value) then	return true;	-- an empty parameter is ok	elseif in_array(value:lower(), possible) then	return true;	else	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {name, value}, true ) } );	-- not an allowed value so add error message	return false	end end --[[--------------------------< T E R M I N A T E _ N A M E _ L I S T >---------------------------------------- This function terminates a name list (author, contributor, editor) with a separator character (sepc) and a space when the last character is not a sepc character or when the last three characters are not sepc followed by two closing square brackets (close of a wikilink). When either of these is true, the name_list is terminated with a single space character. ]] local function terminate_name_list (name_list, sepc)	if (string.sub (name_list,-3,-1) == sepc .. '. ') then	-- if already properly terminated	return name_list;	-- just return the name list	elseif (string.sub (name_list,-1,-1) == sepc) or (string.sub (name_list,-3,-1) == sepc .. ']]') then	-- if last name in list ends with sepc char	return name_list .. " ";	-- don't add another	else	return name_list .. sepc .. ' ';	-- otherwise terninate the name list	end end --[[-------------------------< F O R M A T _ V O L U M E _ I S S U E >---------------------------------------- returns the concatenation of the formatted volume and issue parameters as a single string; or formatted volume or formatted issue, or an empty string if neither are set. ]] local function format_volume_issue (volume, issue, cite_class, origin, sepc, lower, mode)	if not is_set (volume) and not is_set (issue) then	return '';	end	if ('mla' == mode) and ('journal' == cite_class) then	-- same as cs1 for magazines	lower = true;	-- mla 8th edition; force these to lower case	if is_set (volume) and is_set (issue) then	return wrap_msg ('vol-no', {sepc, volume, issue}, lower);	elseif is_set (volume) then	return wrap_msg ('vol', {sepc, volume}, lower);	else	return '';	end	end	if 'magazine' == cite_class or (in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map'}) and 'magazine' == origin) then	if is_set (volume) and is_set (issue) then	return wrap_msg ('vol-no', {sepc, volume, issue}, lower);	elseif is_set (volume) then	return wrap_msg ('vol', {sepc, volume}, lower);	else	return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);	end	end	local vol = '';	if is_set (volume) then	if (4 < mw.ustring.len(volume)) then	vol = substitute (cfg.messages['j-vol'], {sepc, volume});	else	vol = substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, hyphen_to_dash(volume)});	end	end	if is_set (issue) then	return vol .. substitute (cfg.messages['j-issue'], issue);	end	return vol; end --[[-------------------------< N O R M A L I Z E _ P A G E _ L I S T >----------------------------------------- not currently used normalizes a comma, ampersand, and/or space separated list to be '<value>, <value>, ..., <value>' returns list unchanged if there are no commas else strips whitespace and then reformats the list ]] --[[ local function normalize_page_list (list)	if not list:find ('[,& ]') then return list end	-- if list is not delimited with commas, ampersands, or spaces; done	list = mw.text.split (list, '[,&%s]+');	-- make a table of values	list = table.concat (list, ', ');	-- and now make a normalized list	return list; end ]] --[[-------------------------< F O R M A T _ P A G E S _ S H E E T S >----------------------------------------- adds static text to one of |page(s)= or |sheet(s)= values and returns it with all of the others set to empty strings. The return order is:	page, pages, sheet, sheets Singular has priority over plural when both are provided. ]] local function format_pages_sheets (page, pages, sheet, sheets, cite_class, origin, sepc, nopp, lower, mode)	if 'map' == cite_class then	-- only cite map supports sheet(s) as in-source locators	if is_set (sheet) then	if 'journal' == origin then	return '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheet', sheet, lower), '';	else	return '', '', wrap_msg ('sheet', {sepc, sheet}, lower), '';	end	elseif is_set (sheets) then	if 'journal' == origin then	return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheets', sheets, lower);	else	return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('sheets', {sepc, sheets}, lower);	end	end	end	local is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map'}) and 'journal' == origin);	if is_journal and 'mla' == mode then	is_journal = false;	-- mla always uses p & pp	end	if is_set (page) then	if is_journal then	return substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], page), '', '', '';	elseif not nopp then	return substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';	else	return substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';	end	elseif is_set(pages) then	if is_journal then	return substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], pages), '', '', '';	elseif tonumber(pages) ~= nil and not nopp then	-- if pages is only digits, assume a single page number	return '', substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';	elseif not nopp then	return '', substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';	else	return '', substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';	end	end	return '', '', '', '';	-- return empty strings end --[=[-------------------------< A R C H I V E _ U R L _ C H E C K >-------------------------------------------- Check archive.org urls to make sure they at least look like they are pointing at valid archives and not to the save snapshot url or to calendar pages. When the archive url is 'https://web.archive.org/save/' (or http://...) archive.org saves a snapshot of the target page in the url. That is something that Wikipedia should not allow unwitting readers to do. When the archive.org url does not have a complete timestamp, archive.org chooses a snapshot according to its own algorithm or provides a calendar 'search' result. [[WP:ELNO]] discourages links to search results. This function looks at the value assigned to |archive-url= and returns empty strings for |archive-url= and |archive-date= and an error message when:	|archive-url= holds an archive.org save command url	|archive-url= is an archive.org url that does not have a complete timestamp (YYYYMMDDhhmmss 14 digits) in the	correct place otherwise returns |archive-url= and |archive-date= There are two mostly compatible archive.org urls:	//web.archive.org/<timestamp>...	-- the old form	//web.archive.org/web/<timestamp>...	-- the new form The old form does not support or map to the new form when it contains a display flag. There are four identified flags ('id_', 'js_', 'cs_', 'im_') but since archive.org ignores others following the same form (two letters and an underscore) we don't check for these specific flags but we do check the form. This function supports a preview mode. When the article is rendered in preview mode, this funct may return a modified archive url:	for save command errors, return undated wildcard (/*/)	for timestamp errors when the timestamp has a wildcard, return the url unmodified	for timestamp errors when the timestamp does not have a wildcard, return with timestamp limited to six digits plus wildcard (/yyyymm*/) ]=] local function archive_url_check (url, date)	local err_msg = '';	-- start with the error message empty	local path, timestamp, flag;	-- portions of the archive.or url	if (not url:match('//web%.archive%.org/')) and (not url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/')) then	-- also deprecated liveweb Wayback machine url	return url, date;	-- not an archive.org archive, return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate	end	if url:match('//web%.archive%.org/save/') then	-- if a save command url, we don't want to allow saving of the target page	err_msg = 'save command';	url = url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org)/save/', '%1/*/', 1);	-- for preview mode: modify ArchiveURL	elseif url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/') then	err_msg = 'liveweb';	else	path, timestamp, flag = url:match('//web%.archive%.org/([^%d]*)(%d+)([^/]*)/');	-- split out some of the url parts for evaluation	if not is_set(timestamp) or 14 ~= timestamp:len() then	-- path and flag optional, must have 14-digit timestamp here	err_msg = 'timestamp';	if '*' ~= flag then	url=url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org/[^%d]*%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?)[^/]*', '%1*', 1)	-- for preview, modify ts to be yearmo* max (0-6 digits plus splat)	end	elseif is_set(path) and 'web/' ~= path then	-- older archive urls do not have the extra 'web/' path element	err_msg = 'path';	elseif is_set (flag) and not is_set (path) then	-- flag not allowed with the old form url (without the 'web/' path element)	err_msg = 'flag';	elseif is_set (flag) and not flag:match ('%a%a_') then	-- flag if present must be two alpha characters and underscore (requires 'web/' path element)	err_msg = 'flag';	else	return url, date;	-- return archiveURL and ArchiveDate	end	end	-- if here, something not right so	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'archive_url', {err_msg}, true ) } );	-- add error message and	if is_set (Frame:preprocess('{{REVISIONID}}')) then	return '', '';	-- return empty strings for archiveURL and ArchiveDate	else	return url, date;	-- preview mode so return archiveURL and ArchiveDate	end end --[[--------------------------< M I S S I N G _ P I P E _ C H E C K >------------------------------------------ Look at the contents of a parameter. If the content has a string of characters and digits followed by an equal sign, compare the alphanumeric string to the list of cs1|2 parameters. If found, then the string is possibly a parameter that is missing its pipe:	{{cite ... |title=Title access-date=2016-03-17}} cs1|2 shares some parameter names with xml/html atributes: class=, title=, etc. To prevent false positives xml/html tags are removed before the search. If a missing pipe is detected, this function adds the missing pipe maintenance category. ]] local function missing_pipe_check (value)	local capture;	value = value:gsub ('%b<>', '');	-- remove xml/html tags because attributes: class=, title=, etc	capture = value:match ('%s+(%a[%a%d]+)%s*=') or value:match ('^(%a[%a%d]+)%s*=');	-- find and categorize parameters with possible missing pipes	if capture and validate (capture) then	-- if the capture is a valid parameter name	add_maint_cat ('missing_pipe');	end end --[[--------------------------< C I T A T I O N 0 >------------------------------------------------------------ This is the main function doing the majority of the citation formatting. ]] local function citation0( config, args)	--[[	Load Input Parameters	The argument_wrapper facilitates the mapping of multiple aliases to single internal variable.	]]	local A = argument_wrapper( args );	local i	-- Pick out the relevant fields from the arguments. Different citation templates	-- define different field names for the same underlying things. -- set default parameter values defined by |mode= parameter. If |mode= is empty or omitted, use CitationClass to set these values	local Mode = A['Mode'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (Mode, 'mode', cfg.keywords['mode'], config.CitationClass) then	Mode = '';	end	local author_etal;	local a	= {};	-- authors list from |lastn= / |firstn= pairs or |vauthors=	local Authors;	local NameListFormat = A['NameListFormat'];	local Collaboration = A['Collaboration'];	do	-- to limit scope of selected	local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Vauthors'], A['Authors'], args, 'AuthorList');	if 1 == selected then	a, author_etal = extract_names (args, 'AuthorList');	-- fetch author list from |authorn= / |lastn= / |firstn=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=	elseif 2 == selected then	NameListFormat = 'vanc';	-- override whatever |name-list-format= might be	a, author_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.vauthors, 'AuthorList');	-- fetch author list from |vauthors=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=	elseif 3 == selected then	Authors = A['Authors'];	-- use content of |authors=	if 'authors' == A:ORIGIN('Authors') then	-- but add a maint cat if the parameter is |authors=	add_maint_cat ('authors');	-- because use of this parameter is discouraged; what to do about the aliases is a TODO:	end	end	if is_set (Collaboration) then	author_etal = true;	-- so that |display-authors=etal not required	end	end	local Others = A['Others'];	local editor_etal;	local e	= {};	-- editors list from |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= pairs or |veditors=	local Editors;	do	-- to limit scope of selected	local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Veditors'], A['Editors'], args, 'EditorList');	if 1 == selected then	e, editor_etal = extract_names (args, 'EditorList');	-- fetch editor list from |editorn= / |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=	elseif 2 == selected then	NameListFormat = 'vanc';	-- override whatever |name-list-format= might be	e, editor_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.veditors, 'EditorList');	-- fetch editor list from |veditors=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=	elseif 3 == selected then	Editors = A['Editors'];	-- use content of |editors=	add_maint_cat ('editors');	-- but add a maint cat because use of this parameter is discouraged	end	end	local t = {};	-- translators list from |translator-lastn= / translator-firstn= pairs	local Translators;	-- assembled translators name list	t = extract_names (args, 'TranslatorList');	-- fetch translator list from |translatorn= / |translator-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=	local interviewers_list = {};	local Interviewers = A['Interviewers']	if is_set (Interviewers) then	-- add a maint cat if the |interviewers= is used	add_maint_cat ('interviewers');	-- because use of this parameter is discouraged	else	interviewers_list = extract_names (args, 'InterviewerList');	-- else, process preferred interviewers parameters	end	local c = {};	-- contributors list from |contributor-lastn= / contributor-firstn= pairs	local Contributors;	-- assembled contributors name list	local Contribution = A['Contribution'];	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {"book","citation"}) and not is_set(A['Periodical']) then	-- |contributor= and |contribution= only supported in book cites	c = extract_names (args, 'ContributorList');	-- fetch contributor list from |contributorn= / |contributor-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=	if 0 < #c then	if not is_set (Contribution) then	-- |contributor= requires |contribution=	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'contributor_missing_required_param', 'contribution')});	-- add missing contribution error message	c = {};	-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later	end	if 0 == #a then	-- |contributor= requires |author=	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'contributor_missing_required_param', 'author')});	-- add missing author error message	c = {};	-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later	end	end	else	-- if not a book cite	if select_one (args, cfg.aliases['ContributorList-Last'], 'redundant_parameters', 1 ) then	-- are there contributor name list parameters?	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'contributor_ignored')});	-- add contributor ignored error message	end	Contribution = nil;	-- unset	end	if not is_valid_parameter_value (NameListFormat, 'name-list-format', cfg.keywords['name-list-format']) then	-- only accepted value for this parameter is 'vanc'	NameListFormat = '';	-- anything else, set to empty string	end	local Year = A['Year'];	local PublicationDate = A['PublicationDate'];	local OrigYear = A['OrigYear'];	local Date = A['Date'];	local LayDate = A['LayDate'];	------------------------------------------------- Get title data	local Title = A['Title'];	local ScriptTitle = A['ScriptTitle'];	local BookTitle = A['BookTitle'];	local Conference = A['Conference'];	local TransTitle = A['TransTitle'];	local TitleNote = A['TitleNote'];	local TitleLink = A['TitleLink'];	link_title_ok (TitleLink, A:ORIGIN ('TitleLink'), Title, 'title');	-- check for wikimarkup in |title-link= or wikimarkup in |title= when |title-link= is set	local Chapter = A['Chapter'];	local ScriptChapter = A['ScriptChapter'];	local ChapterLink	-- = A['ChapterLink'];	-- deprecated as a parameter but still used internally by cite episode	local TransChapter = A['TransChapter'];	local TitleType = A['TitleType'];	local Degree = A['Degree'];	local Docket = A['Docket'];	local ArchiveFormat = A['ArchiveFormat'];	local ArchiveDate;	local ArchiveURL;	ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate = archive_url_check (A['ArchiveURL'], A['ArchiveDate'])	local DeadURL = A['DeadURL']	if not is_valid_parameter_value (DeadURL, 'dead-url', cfg.keywords ['deadurl']) then	-- set in config.defaults to 'yes'	DeadURL = '';	-- anything else, set to empty string	end	local URL = A['URL']	local URLorigin = A:ORIGIN('URL');	-- get name of parameter that holds URL	local ChapterURL = A['ChapterURL'];	local ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ChapterURL');	-- get name of parameter that holds ChapterURL	local ConferenceFormat = A['ConferenceFormat'];	local ConferenceURL = A['ConferenceURL'];	local ConferenceURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ConferenceURL');	-- get name of parameter that holds ConferenceURL	local Periodical = A['Periodical'];	local Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('Periodical');	-- get the name of the periodical parameter	local Series = A['Series'];	local Volume;	local Issue;	local Page;	local Pages;	local At;	-- previously conference books did not support volume --	if in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_volume) and not ('conference' == config.CitationClass and not is_set (Periodical)) then	if in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_volume) then	Volume = A['Volume'];	end	-- conference & map books do not support issue	if in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_issue) and not (in_array (config.CitationClass, {'conference', 'map'}) and not is_set (Periodical))then	Issue = A['Issue'];	end	local Position = '';	if not in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_not_using_page) then	Page = A['Page'];	Pages = hyphen_to_dash( A['Pages'] );	At = A['At'];	end	local Edition = A['Edition'];	local PublicationPlace = A['PublicationPlace']	local Place = A['Place'];	local PublisherName = A['PublisherName'];	local RegistrationRequired = A['RegistrationRequired'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (RegistrationRequired, 'registration', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) then	RegistrationRequired=nil;	end	local SubscriptionRequired = A['SubscriptionRequired'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (SubscriptionRequired, 'subscription', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) then	SubscriptionRequired=nil;	end	local UrlAccess = A['UrlAccess'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (UrlAccess, 'url-access', cfg.keywords ['url-access']) then	UrlAccess = nil;	end	if not is_set(URL) and is_set(UrlAccess) then	UrlAccess = nil;	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'param_access_requires_param', {'url'}, true ) } );	end	if is_set (UrlAccess) and is_set (SubscriptionRequired) then	-- while not aliases, these are much the same so if both are set	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'url-access') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'subscription')}, true ) } );	-- add error message	SubscriptionRequired = nil;	-- unset; prefer |access= over |subscription=	end	if is_set (UrlAccess) and is_set (RegistrationRequired) then	-- these are not the same but contradictory so if both are set	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'url-access') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'registration')}, true ) } );	-- add error message	RegistrationRequired = nil;	-- unset; prefer |access= over |registration=	end	local Via = A['Via'];	local AccessDate = A['AccessDate'];	local Agency = A['Agency'];	local Language = A['Language'];	local Format = A['Format'];	local ChapterFormat = A['ChapterFormat'];	local DoiBroken = A['DoiBroken'];	local ID = A['ID'];	local ASINTLD = A['ASINTLD'];	local IgnoreISBN = A['IgnoreISBN'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (IgnoreISBN, 'ignore-isbn-error', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) then	IgnoreISBN = nil;	-- anything else, set to empty string	end	local Embargo = A['Embargo'];	local Class = A['Class'];	-- arxiv class identifier	local ID_list = extract_ids( args );	local ID_access_levels = extract_id_access_levels( args, ID_list );	local Quote = A['Quote'];	local LayFormat = A['LayFormat'];	local LayURL = A['LayURL'];	local LaySource = A['LaySource'];	local Transcript = A['Transcript'];	local TranscriptFormat = A['TranscriptFormat'];	local TranscriptURL = A['TranscriptURL']	local TranscriptURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('TranscriptURL');	-- get name of parameter that holds TranscriptURL	local LastAuthorAmp = A['LastAuthorAmp'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (LastAuthorAmp, 'last-author-amp', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) then	LastAuthorAmp = nil;	-- set to empty string	end	if 'mla' == Mode then	LastAuthorAmp = 'yes';	-- replaces last author/editor separator with ' and ' text	end	local no_tracking_cats = A['NoTracking'];	if not is_valid_parameter_value (no_tracking_cats, 'no-tracking', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) then	no_tracking_cats = nil;	-- set to empty string	end --local variables that are not cs1 parameters	local use_lowercase;	-- controls capitalization of certain static text	local this_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();	-- also used for COinS and for language	local anchor_year;	-- used in the CITEREF identifier	local COinS_date = {};	-- holds date info extracted from |date= for the COinS metadata by Module:Date verification	local DF = A['DF'];	-- date format set in cs1|2 template	if not is_valid_parameter_value (DF, 'df', cfg.keywords['date-format']) then	-- validate reformatting keyword	DF = '';	-- not valid, set to empty string	end	local sepc;	-- separator between citation elements for CS1 a period, for CS2, a comma	local PostScript;	local Ref;	sepc, PostScript, Ref = set_style (Mode:lower(), A['PostScript'], A['Ref'], config.CitationClass);	use_lowercase = ( sepc == ',' );	-- used to control capitalization for certain static text --check this page to see if it is in one of the namespaces that cs1 is not supposed to add to the error categories	if not is_set (no_tracking_cats) then	-- ignore if we are already not going to categorize this page	if in_array (this_page.nsText, cfg.uncategorized_namespaces) then	no_tracking_cats = "true";	-- set no_tracking_cats	end	for _,v in ipairs (cfg.uncategorized_subpages) do	-- cycle through page name patterns	if this_page.text:match (v) then	-- test page name against each pattern	no_tracking_cats = "true";	-- set no_tracking_cats	break;	-- bail out if one is found	end	end	end -- check for extra |page=, |pages= or |at= parameters. (also sheet and sheets while we're at it)	select_one( args, {'page', 'p', 'pp', 'pages', 'at', 'sheet', 'sheets'}, 'redundant_parameters' );	-- this is a dummy call simply to get the error message and category	local NoPP = A['NoPP']	if is_set (NoPP) and is_valid_parameter_value (NoPP, 'nopp', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y']) then	NoPP = true;	else	NoPP = nil;	-- unset, used as a flag later	end	if is_set(Page) then	if is_set(Pages) or is_set(At) then	Pages = '';	-- unset the others	At = '';	end	extra_text_in_page_check (Page);	-- add this page to maint cat if |page= value begins with what looks like p. or pp.	elseif is_set(Pages) then	if is_set(At) then	At = '';	-- unset	end	extra_text_in_page_check (Pages);	-- add this page to maint cat if |pages= value begins with what looks like p. or pp.	end -- both |publication-place= and |place= (|location=) allowed if different	if not is_set(PublicationPlace) and is_set(Place) then	PublicationPlace = Place;	-- promote |place= (|location=) to |publication-place	end	if PublicationPlace == Place then Place = ''; end	-- don't need both if they are the same --[[ Parameter remapping for cite encyclopedia: When the citation has these parameters:	|encyclopedia and |title then map |title to |article and |encyclopedia to |title	|encyclopedia and |article then map |encyclopedia to |title	|encyclopedia then map |encyclopedia to |title	|trans_title maps to |trans_chapter when |title is re-mapped	|url maps to |chapterurl when |title is remapped All other combinations of |encyclopedia, |title, and |article are not modified ]] local Encyclopedia = A['Encyclopedia'];	if ( config.CitationClass == "encyclopaedia" ) or ( config.CitationClass == "citation" and is_set (Encyclopedia)) then	-- test code for citation	if is_set(Periodical) then	-- Periodical is set when |encyclopedia is set	if is_set(Title) or is_set (ScriptTitle) then	if not is_set(Chapter) then	Chapter = Title;	-- |encyclopedia and |title are set so map |title to |article and |encyclopedia to |title	ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;	TransChapter = TransTitle;	ChapterURL = URL;	if not is_set (ChapterURL) and is_set (TitleLink) then	Chapter= '[[' .. TitleLink .. '|' .. Chapter .. ']]';	end	Title = Periodical;	ChapterFormat = Format;	Periodical = '';	-- redundant so unset	TransTitle = '';	URL = '';	Format = '';	TitleLink = '';	ScriptTitle = '';	end	else	-- |title not set	Title = Periodical;	-- |encyclopedia set and |article set or not set so map |encyclopedia to |title	Periodical = '';	-- redundant so unset	end	end	end -- Special case for cite techreport.	if (config.CitationClass == "techreport") then	-- special case for cite techreport	if is_set(A['Number']) then	-- cite techreport uses 'number', which other citations alias to 'issue'	if not is_set(ID) then	-- can we use ID for the "number"?	ID = A['Number'];	-- yes, use it	else	-- ID has a value so emit error message	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'id') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'number')}, true )});	end	end	end -- special case for cite mailing list	if (config.CitationClass == "mailinglist") then	Periodical = A ['MailingList'];	elseif 'mailinglist' == A:ORIGIN('Periodical') then	Periodical = '';	-- unset because mailing list is only used for cite mailing list	end -- Account for the oddity that is {{cite conference}}, before generation of COinS data.	if 'conference' == config.CitationClass then	if is_set(BookTitle) then	Chapter = Title; --	ChapterLink = TitleLink;	-- |chapterlink= is deprecated	ChapterURL = URL;	ChapterURLorigin = URLorigin;	URLorigin = '';	ChapterFormat = Format;	TransChapter = TransTitle;	Title = BookTitle;	Format = ''; --	TitleLink = '';	TransTitle = '';	URL = '';	end	elseif 'speech' ~= config.CitationClass then	Conference = '';	-- not cite conference or cite speech so make sure this is empty string	end -- cite map oddities	local Cartography = "";	local Scale = "";	local Sheet = A['Sheet'] or '';	local Sheets = A['Sheets'] or '';	if config.CitationClass == "map" then	Chapter = A['Map'];	ChapterURL = A['MapURL'];	TransChapter = A['TransMap'];	ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('MapURL');	ChapterFormat = A['MapFormat'];	Cartography = A['Cartography'];	if is_set( Cartography ) then	Cartography = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('cartography', Cartography, use_lowercase);	end	Scale = A['Scale'];	if is_set( Scale ) then	Scale = sepc .. " " .. Scale;	end	end -- Account for the oddities that are {{cite episode}} and {{cite serial}}, before generation of COinS data.	if 'episode' == config.CitationClass or 'serial' == config.CitationClass then	local AirDate = A['AirDate'];	local SeriesLink = A['SeriesLink'];	link_title_ok (SeriesLink, A:ORIGIN ('SeriesLink'), Series, 'series');	-- check for wikimarkup in |series-link= or wikimarkup in |series= when |series-link= is set	local Network = A['Network'];	local Station = A['Station'];	local s, n = {}, {};	-- do common parameters first	if is_set(Network) then table.insert(n, Network); end	if is_set(Station) then table.insert(n, Station); end	ID = table.concat(n, sepc .. ' ');	if not is_set (Date) and is_set (AirDate) then	-- promote airdate to date	Date = AirDate;	end	if 'episode' == config.CitationClass then	-- handle the oddities that are strictly {{cite episode}}	local Season = A['Season'];	local SeriesNumber = A['SeriesNumber'];	if is_set (Season) and is_set (SeriesNumber) then	-- these are mutually exclusive so if both are set	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'season') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'seriesno')}, true ) } );	-- add error message	SeriesNumber = '';	-- unset; prefer |season= over |seriesno=	end	-- assemble a table of parts concatenated later into Series	if is_set(Season) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('season', Season, use_lowercase)); end	if is_set(SeriesNumber) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('series', SeriesNumber, use_lowercase)); end	if is_set(Issue) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('episode', Issue, use_lowercase)); end	Issue = '';	-- unset because this is not a unique parameter	Chapter = Title;	-- promote title parameters to chapter	ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;	ChapterLink = TitleLink;	-- alias episodelink	TransChapter = TransTitle;	ChapterURL = URL;	ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('URL');	Title = Series;	-- promote series to title	TitleLink = SeriesLink;	Series = table.concat(s, sepc .. ' ');	-- this is concatenation of season, seriesno, episode number	if is_set (ChapterLink) and not is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- link but not URL	Chapter = '[[' .. ChapterLink .. '|' .. Chapter .. ']]';	-- ok to wikilink	elseif is_set (ChapterLink) and is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- if both are set, URL links episode;	Series = '[[' .. ChapterLink .. '|' .. Series .. ']]';	-- series links with ChapterLink (episodelink -> TitleLink -> ChapterLink) ugly	end	URL = '';	-- unset	TransTitle = '';	ScriptTitle = '';	else	-- now oddities that are cite serial	Issue = '';	-- unset because this parameter no longer supported by the citation/core version of cite serial	Chapter = A['Episode'];	-- TODO: make |episode= available to cite episode someday?	if is_set (Series) and is_set (SeriesLink) then	Series = '[[' .. SeriesLink .. '|' .. Series .. ']]';	end	Series = wrap_style ('italic-title', Series);	-- series is italicized	end	end -- end of {{cite episode}} stuff -- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, before generation of COinS data.	do	if in_array (config.CitationClass, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) then	if not is_set (ID_list[config.CitationClass:upper()]) then	-- |arxiv= or |eprint= required for cite arxiv; |biorxiv= & |citeseerx= required for their templates	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( config.CitationClass .. '_missing', {}, true ) } );	-- add error message	end	if 'arxiv' == config.CitationClass then	Periodical = 'arXiv';	-- set to arXiv for COinS; after that, must be set to empty string	end	if 'biorxiv' == config.CitationClass then	Periodical = 'bioRxiv';	-- set to bioRxiv for COinS; after that, must be set to empty string	end	if 'citeseerx' == config.CitationClass then	Periodical = 'CiteSeerX';	-- set to CiteSeerX for COinS; after that, must be set to empty string	end	end	end -- handle type parameter for those CS1 citations that have default values	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {"AV-media-notes", "interview", "mailinglist", "map", "podcast", "pressrelease", "report", "techreport", "thesis"}) then	TitleType = set_titletype (config.CitationClass, TitleType);	if is_set(Degree) and "Thesis" == TitleType then	-- special case for cite thesis	TitleType = Degree .. ' ' .. cfg.title_types ['thesis']:lower();	end	end	if is_set(TitleType) then	-- if type parameter is specified	TitleType = substitute( cfg.messages['type'], TitleType);	-- display it in parentheses	-- TODO: Hack on TitleType to fix bunched parentheses problem	end -- legacy: promote PublicationDate to Date if neither Date nor Year are set.	if not is_set (Date) then	Date = Year;	-- promote Year to Date	Year = nil;	-- make nil so Year as empty string isn't used for CITEREF	if not is_set (Date) and is_set(PublicationDate) then	-- use PublicationDate when |date= and |year= are not set	Date = PublicationDate;	-- promote PublicationDate to Date	PublicationDate = '';	-- unset, no longer needed	end	end	if PublicationDate == Date then PublicationDate = ''; end	-- if PublicationDate is same as Date, don't display in rendered citation --[[ Go test all of the date-holding parameters for valid MOS:DATE format and make sure that dates are real dates. This must be done before we do COinS because here is where we get the date used in the metadata. Date validation supporting code is in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation ]]	do	-- create defined block to contain local variables error_message, date_parameters_list, mismatch	local error_message = '';	-- AirDate has been promoted to Date so not necessary to check it	local date_parameters_list = {['access-date']=AccessDate, ['archive-date']=ArchiveDate, ['date']=Date, ['doi-broken-date']=DoiBroken,	['embargo']=Embargo, ['lay-date']=LayDate, ['publication-date']=PublicationDate, ['year']=Year};	anchor_year, Embargo, error_message = dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date);	if is_set (Year) and is_set (Date) then	-- both |date= and |year= not normally needed;	local mismatch = year_date_check (Year, Date)	if 0 == mismatch then	-- |year= does not match a year-value in |date=	if is_set (error_message) then	-- if there is already an error message	error_message = error_message .. ', ';	-- tack on this additional message	end	error_message = error_message .. '&#124;year= / &#124;date= mismatch';	elseif 1 == mismatch then	-- |year= matches year-value in |date=	add_maint_cat ('date_year');	end	end	if not is_set(error_message) then	-- error free dates only	local modified = false;	-- flag	if is_set (DF) then	-- if we need to reformat dates	modified = reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, DF, false);	-- reformat to DF format, use long month names if appropriate	end	if true == date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) then	-- convert hyphens to dashes where appropriate	modified = true;	add_maint_cat ('date_format');	-- hyphens were converted so add maint category	end	if modified then	-- if the date_parameters_list values were modified	AccessDate = date_parameters_list['access-date'];	-- overwrite date holding parameters with modified values	ArchiveDate = date_parameters_list['archive-date'];	Date = date_parameters_list['date'];	DoiBroken = date_parameters_list['doi-broken-date'];	LayDate = date_parameters_list['lay-date'];	PublicationDate = date_parameters_list['publication-date'];	end	else	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'bad_date', {error_message}, true ) } );	-- add this error message	end	end	-- end of do -- Account for the oddity that is {{cite journal}} with |pmc= set and |url= not set. Do this after date check but before COInS. -- Here we unset Embargo if PMC not embargoed (|embargo= not set in the citation) or if the embargo time has expired. Otherwise, holds embargo date	Embargo = is_embargoed (Embargo);	--	if config.CitationClass == "journal" and not is_set(URL) and is_set(ID_list['PMC']) then	if not is_set (Embargo) then	-- if not embargoed or embargo has expired	URL=cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].prefix .. ID_list['PMC'];	-- set url to be the same as the PMC external link if not embargoed	URLorigin = cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].parameters[1];	-- set URLorigin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=	if is_set(AccessDate) then	-- access date requires |url=; pmc created url is not |url=	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'accessdate_missing_url', {}, true ) } );	AccessDate = '';	-- unset	end	end	end -- At this point fields may be nil if they weren't specified in the template use. We can use that fact.	-- Test if citation has no title	if	not is_set(Title) and	not is_set(TransTitle) and	not is_set(ScriptTitle) then	if 'episode' == config.CitationClass then	-- special case for cite episode; TODO: is there a better way to do this?	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'citation_missing_title', {'series'}, true ) } );	else	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'citation_missing_title', {'title'}, true ) } );	end	end	if 'none' == Title and in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'citation'}) and is_set (Periodical) and 'journal' == A:ORIGIN('Periodical') then	-- special case for journal cites	Title = '';	-- set title to empty string	add_maint_cat ('untitled');	end	check_for_url ({	-- add error message when any of these parameters contains a URL	['title']=Title,	[A:ORIGIN('Chapter')]=Chapter,	[A:ORIGIN('Periodical')]=Periodical,	[A:ORIGIN('PublisherName')] = PublisherName	});	-- COinS metadata (see <http://ocoins.info/>) for automated parsing of citation information.	-- handle the oddity that is cite encyclopedia and {{citation |encyclopedia=something}}. Here we presume that	-- when Periodical, Title, and Chapter are all set, then Periodical is the book (encyclopedia) title, Title	-- is the article title, and Chapter is a section within the article. So, we remap	local coins_chapter = Chapter;	-- default assuming that remapping not required	local coins_title = Title;	-- et tu	if 'encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Encyclopedia)) then	if is_set (Chapter) and is_set (Title) and is_set (Periodical) then	-- if all are used then	coins_chapter = Title;	-- remap	coins_title = Periodical;	end	end	local coins_author = a;	-- default for coins rft.au	if 0 < #c then	-- but if contributor list	coins_author = c;	-- use that instead	end	-- this is the function call to COinS()	local OCinSoutput = COinS({	['Periodical'] = Periodical,	['Encyclopedia'] = Encyclopedia,	['Chapter'] = make_coins_title (coins_chapter, ScriptChapter),	-- Chapter and ScriptChapter stripped of bold / italic wikimarkup	['Degree'] = Degree;	-- cite thesis only	['Title'] = make_coins_title (coins_title, ScriptTitle),	-- Title and ScriptTitle stripped of bold / italic wikimarkup	['PublicationPlace'] = PublicationPlace,	['Date'] = COinS_date.rftdate,	-- COinS_date has correctly formatted date if Date is valid;	['Season'] = COinS_date.rftssn,	['Chron'] = COinS_date.rftchron or (not COinS_date.rftdate and Date) or '',	-- chron but if not set and invalid date format use Date; keep this last bit?	['Series'] = Series,	['Volume'] = Volume,	['Issue'] = Issue,	['Pages'] = get_coins_pages (first_set ({Sheet, Sheets, Page, Pages, At}, 5)),	-- pages stripped of external links	['Edition'] = Edition,	['PublisherName'] = PublisherName,	['URL'] = first_set ({ChapterURL, URL}, 2),	['Authors'] = coins_author,	['ID_list'] = ID_list,	['RawPage'] = this_page.prefixedText,	}, config.CitationClass); -- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, AFTER generation of COinS data. --	if 'arxiv' == config.CitationClass then	-- we have set rft.jtitle in COinS to arXiv, now unset so it isn't displayed	if in_array (config.CitationClass, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) then	-- we have set rft.jtitle in COinS to arXiv, bioRxiv, or CiteSeerX now unset so it isn't displayed	Periodical = '';	-- periodical not allowed in these templates; if article has been published, use cite journal	end -- special case for cite newsgroup. Do this after COinS because we are modifying Publishername to include some static text	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass then	if is_set (PublisherName) then	PublisherName = substitute (cfg.messages['newsgroup'], external_link( 'news:' .. PublisherName, PublisherName, A:ORIGIN('PublisherName'), nil ));	end	end	-- Now perform various field substitutions.	-- We also add leading spaces and surrounding markup and punctuation to the	-- various parts of the citation, but only when they are non-nil.	local EditorCount;	-- used only for choosing {ed.) or (eds.) annotation at end of editor name-list	do	local last_first_list;	local control = {	format = NameListFormat,	-- empty string or 'vanc'	maximum = nil,	-- as if display-authors or display-editors not set	lastauthoramp = LastAuthorAmp,	page_name = this_page.text,	-- get current page name so that we don't wikilink to it via editorlinkn	mode = Mode	};	do	-- do editor name list first because the now unsupported coauthors used to modify control table	control.maximum , editor_etal = get_display_authors_editors (A['DisplayEditors'], #e, 'editors', editor_etal);	last_first_list, EditorCount = list_people(control, e, editor_etal);	if is_set (Editors) then	if editor_etal then	Editors = Editors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];	-- add et al. to editors parameter beause |display-editors=etal	EditorCount = 2;	-- with et al., |editors= is multiple names; spoof to display (eds.) annotation	else	EditorCount = 2;	-- we don't know but assume |editors= is multiple names; spoof to display (eds.) annotation	end	else	Editors = last_first_list;	-- either an author name list or an empty string	end	if 1 == EditorCount and (true == editor_etal or 1 < #e) then	-- only one editor displayed but includes etal then	EditorCount = 2;	-- spoof to display (eds.) annotation	end	end	do	-- now do interviewers	control.maximum = #interviewers_list;	-- number of interviewerss	Interviewers = list_people(control, interviewers_list, false);	-- et al not currently supported	end	do	-- now do translators	control.maximum = #t;	-- number of translators	Translators = list_people(control, t, false);	-- et al not currently supported	end	do	-- now do contributors	control.maximum = #c;	-- number of contributors	Contributors = list_people(control, c, false);	-- et al not currently supported	end	do	-- now do authors	control.maximum , author_etal = get_display_authors_editors (A['DisplayAuthors'], #a, 'authors', author_etal);	last_first_list = list_people(control, a, author_etal);	if is_set (Authors) then	Authors, author_etal = name_has_etal (Authors, author_etal, false);	-- find and remove variations on et al.	if author_etal then	Authors = Authors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];	-- add et al. to authors parameter	end	else	Authors = last_first_list;	-- either an author name list or an empty string	end	end	-- end of do	if is_set (Authors) and is_set (Collaboration) then	Authors = Authors .. ' (' .. Collaboration .. ')';	-- add collaboration after et al.	end	end -- apply |[xx-]format= styling; at the end, these parameters hold correctly styled format annotation, -- an error message if the associated url is not set, or an empty string for concatenation	ArchiveFormat = style_format (ArchiveFormat, ArchiveURL, 'archive-format', 'archive-url');	ConferenceFormat = style_format (ConferenceFormat, ConferenceURL, 'conference-format', 'conference-url');	Format = style_format (Format, URL, 'format', 'url');	LayFormat = style_format (LayFormat, LayURL, 'lay-format', 'lay-url');	TranscriptFormat = style_format (TranscriptFormat, TranscriptURL, 'transcript-format', 'transcripturl'); -- special case for chapter format so no error message or cat when chapter not supported	if not (in_array(config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) or	('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical) and not is_set (Encyclopedia))) then	ChapterFormat = style_format (ChapterFormat, ChapterURL, 'chapter-format', 'chapter-url');	end	if not is_set(URL) then	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {"web","podcast", "mailinglist"}) then	-- |url= required for cite web, cite podcast, and cite mailinglist	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'cite_web_url', {}, true ) } );	end	-- do we have |accessdate= without either |url= or |chapter-url=?	if is_set(AccessDate) and not is_set(ChapterURL)then	-- ChapterURL may be set when URL is not set;	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'accessdate_missing_url', {}, true ) } );	AccessDate = '';	end	end	local OriginalURL, OriginalURLorigin, OriginalFormat, OriginalAccess;	DeadURL = DeadURL:lower();	-- used later when assembling archived text	if is_set( ArchiveURL ) then	if is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- URL not set so if chapter-url is set apply archive url to it	OriginalURL = ChapterURL;	-- save copy of source chapter's url for archive text	OriginalURLorigin = ChapterURLorigin;	-- name of chapter-url parameter for error messages	OriginalFormat = ChapterFormat;	-- and original |format=	if 'no' ~= DeadURL then	ChapterURL = ArchiveURL	-- swap-in the archive's url	ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')	-- name of archive-url parameter for error messages	ChapterFormat = ArchiveFormat or '';	-- swap in archive's format	end	elseif is_set (URL) then	OriginalURL = URL;	-- save copy of original source URL	OriginalURLorigin = URLorigin;	-- name of url parameter for error messages	OriginalFormat = Format;	-- and original |format=	OriginalAccess = UrlAccess;	if 'no' ~= DeadURL then	-- if URL set then archive-url applies to it	URL = ArchiveURL	-- swap-in the archive's url	URLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')	-- name of archive url parameter for error messages	Format = ArchiveFormat or '';	-- swap in archive's format	UrlAccess = nil;	-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived urls	end	end	end	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {'web','news','journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) or	-- if any of the 'periodical' cites except encyclopedia	('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical) and not is_set (Encyclopedia)) then	local chap_param;	if is_set (Chapter) then	-- get a parameter name from one of these chapter related meta-parameters	chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter')	elseif is_set (TransChapter) then	chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter')	elseif is_set (ChapterURL) then	chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterURL')	elseif is_set (ScriptChapter) then	chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptChapter')	else is_set (ChapterFormat)	chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterFormat')	end	if is_set (chap_param) then	-- if we found one	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'chapter_ignored', {chap_param}, true ) } );	-- add error message	Chapter = '';	-- and set them to empty string to be safe with concatenation	TransChapter = '';	ChapterURL = '';	ScriptChapter = '';	ChapterFormat = '';	end	else	-- otherwise, format chapter / article title	local no_quotes = false;	-- default assume that we will be quoting the chapter parameter value	if is_set (Contribution) and 0 < #c then	-- if this is a contribution with contributor(s)	if in_array (Contribution:lower(), cfg.keywords.contribution) then	-- and a generic contribution title	no_quotes = true;	-- then render it unquoted	end	end	Chapter = format_chapter_title (ScriptChapter, Chapter, TransChapter, ChapterURL, ChapterURLorigin, no_quotes);	-- Contribution is also in Chapter	if is_set (Chapter) then	Chapter = Chapter .. ChapterFormat ;	if 'map' == config.CitationClass and is_set (TitleType) then	Chapter = Chapter .. ' ' .. TitleType;	-- map annotation here; not after title	end	Chapter = Chapter.. sepc .. ' ';	elseif is_set (ChapterFormat) then	-- |chapter= not set but |chapter-format= is so ...	Chapter = ChapterFormat .. sepc .. ' ';	-- ... ChapterFormat has error message, we want to see it	end	end	-- Format main title.	if is_set(TitleLink) and is_set(Title) then	Title = "[[" .. TitleLink .. "|" .. Title .. "]]"	end	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'mailinglist', 'interview', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx'}) or	('citation' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical) and not is_set (Encyclopedia)) or	('map' == config.CitationClass and is_set (Periodical)) then	-- special case for cite map when the map is in a periodical treat as an article	Title = kern_quotes (Title);	-- if necessary, separate title's leading and trailing quote marks from Module provided quote marks	Title = wrap_style ('quoted-title', Title);	Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle);	-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrapped	TransTitle= wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );	elseif 'report' == config.CitationClass then	-- no styling for cite report	Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle);	-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrapped	TransTitle= wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );	-- for cite report, use this form for trans-title	else	Title = wrap_style ('italic-title', Title);	Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle);	-- <bdi> tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrapped	TransTitle = wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', TransTitle);	end	local TransError = "";	if is_set(TransTitle) then	if is_set(Title) then	TransTitle = " " .. TransTitle;	else	TransError = " " .. set_error( 'trans_missing_title', {'title'} );	end	end	if is_set(Title) then	if not is_set(TitleLink) and is_set(URL) then	Title = external_link( URL, Title, URLorigin, UrlAccess ) .. TransTitle .. TransError .. Format; -- this experiment hidden 2016-04-10; see Help_talk:Citation_Style_1#Recycled_urls --	local temp_title = external_link( URL, Title, URLorigin ) .. TransError .. Format;	-- do this so we get error message even if url is usurped no archive --	if in_array (DeadURL, {'unfit no archive', 'usurped no archive'}) then	-- when url links to inappropriate location and there is no archive of original source available --	local err_msg --	if temp_title:match ('%[%S+%s+(.+)%](<.+)') then	-- if there is an error message --	Title, err_msg = temp_title:match ('%[%S+%s+(.+)%](<.+)');	-- strip off external link; TODO: find a better to do this --	Title = Title .. (err_msg or ''); --	end --	else --	Title = temp_title; --	end	URL = '';	-- unset these because no longer needed	Format = "";	else	Title = Title .. TransTitle .. TransError;	end	end	if is_set(Place) then	Place = " " .. wrap_msg ('written', Place, use_lowercase) .. sepc .. " ";	end	if is_set (Conference) then	if is_set (ConferenceURL) then	Conference = external_link( ConferenceURL, Conference, ConferenceURLorigin, nil );	end	Conference = sepc .. " " .. Conference .. ConferenceFormat;	elseif is_set(ConferenceURL) then	Conference = sepc .. " " .. external_link( ConferenceURL, nil, ConferenceURLorigin, nil );	end	if not is_set(Position) then	local Minutes = A['Minutes'];	local Time = A['Time'];	if is_set(Minutes) then	if is_set (Time) then	table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', 'minutes') .. ' and ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'time')}, true ) } );	end	Position = " " .. Minutes .. " " .. cfg.messages['minutes'];	else	if is_set(Time) then	local TimeCaption = A['TimeCaption']	if not is_set(TimeCaption) then	TimeCaption = cfg.messages['event'];	if sepc ~= '.' then	TimeCaption = TimeCaption:lower();	end	end	Position = " " .. TimeCaption .. " " .. Time;	end	end	else	Position = " " .. Position;	At = '';	end	Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets = format_pages_sheets (Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, NoPP, use_lowercase, Mode);	At = is_set(At) and (sepc .. " " .. At) or "";	Position = is_set(Position) and (sepc .. " " .. Position) or "";	if config.CitationClass == 'map' then	local Section = A['Section'];	local Sections = A['Sections'];	local Inset = A['Inset'];	if is_set( Inset ) then	Inset = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('inset', Inset, use_lowercase);	end	if is_set( Sections ) then	Section = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('sections', Sections, use_lowercase);	elseif is_set( Section ) then	Section = sepc .. " " .. wrap_msg ('section', Section, use_lowercase);	end	At = At .. Inset .. Section;	end	if is_set (Language) then	Language = language_parameter (Language);	-- format, categories, name from ISO639-1, etc	else	Language="";	-- language not specified so make sure this is an empty string;	--[[ TODO: need to extract the wrap_msg from language_parameter	so that we can solve parentheses bunching problem with Format/Language/TitleType	]]	end	Others = is_set(Others) and (sepc .. " " .. Others) or "";	if is_set (Translators) then	if 'mla' == Mode then	Others = sepc .. ' Trans. ' .. Translators .. Others;	else	Others = sepc .. ' ' .. wrap_msg ('translated', Translators, use_lowercase) .. Others;	end	end	if is_set (Interviewers) then	Others = sepc .. ' ' .. wrap_msg ('interview', Interviewers, use_lowercase) .. Others;	end	TitleNote = is_set(TitleNote) and (sepc .. " " .. TitleNote) or "";	if is_set (Edition) then	if Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]d%.?$') or Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]dition$') then	add_maint_cat ('extra_text', 'edition');	end	if 'mla' == Mode then	Edition = '. ' .. Edition .. ' ed.';	else	Edition = " " .. wrap_msg ('edition', Edition);	end	else	Edition = '';	end	Series = is_set(Series) and (sepc .. " " .. Series) or "";	if 'mla' == Mode then	-- not in brackets for mla	OrigYear = is_set(OrigYear) and (". " .. OrigYear) or "";	else	OrigYear = is_set(OrigYear) and (" [" .. OrigYear .. "]") or "";	end	Agency = is_set(Agency) and (sepc .. " " .. Agency) or "";	Volume = format_volume_issue (Volume, Issue, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, use_lowercase, Mode);	------------------------------------ totally unrelated data	if is_set(Via) then	Via = " " .. wrap_msg ('via', Via);	end --[[ Subscription implies paywall; Registration does not. If both are used in a citation, the subscription required link note is displayed. There are no error messages for this condition. ]]	if is_set (SubscriptionRequired) then	SubscriptionRequired = sepc .. " " .. cfg.messages['subscription'];	-- subscription required message	elseif is_set (RegistrationRequired) then	SubscriptionRequired = sepc .. " " .. cfg.messages['registration'];	-- registration required message	else	SubscriptionRequired = '';	-- either or both might be set to something other than yes true y	end	if is_set(AccessDate) then	local retrv_text = " " .. cfg.messages['retrieved']	AccessDate = nowrap_date (AccessDate);	-- wrap in nowrap span if date in appropriate format	if 'mla' == Mode then	-- retrieved text not used in mla	AccessDate = ' ' .. AccessDate;	else	if (sepc ~= ".") then retrv_text = retrv_text:lower() end	-- if mode is cs2, lower case	AccessDate = substitute (retrv_text, AccessDate);	-- add retrieved text	end	AccessDate = substitute (cfg.presentation['accessdate'], {sepc, AccessDate});	-- allow editors to hide accessdates	end	if is_set(ID) then ID = sepc .." ".. ID; end	if "thesis" == config.CitationClass and is_set(Docket) then	ID = sepc .." Docket ".. Docket .. ID;	end	if "report" == config.CitationClass and is_set(Docket) then	-- for cite report when |docket= is set	ID = sepc .. ' ' .. Docket;	-- overwrite ID even if |id= is set	end	ID_list = build_id_list( ID_list, {IdAccessLevels=ID_access_levels, DoiBroken = DoiBroken, ASINTLD = ASINTLD, IgnoreISBN = IgnoreISBN, Embargo=Embargo, Class = Class} );	if is_set(URL) then	URL = " " .. external_link( URL, nil, URLorigin, UrlAccess );	end	if is_set(Quote) then	if Quote:sub(1,1) == '"' and Quote:sub(-1,-1) == '"' then	-- if first and last characters of quote are quote marks	Quote = Quote:sub(2,-2);	-- strip them off	end	Quote = sepc .." " .. wrap_style ('quoted-text', Quote );	-- wrap in <q>...</q> tags	PostScript = "";	-- cs1|2 does not supply terminal punctuation when |quote= is set	end	local Archived	if is_set(ArchiveURL) then	if not is_set(ArchiveDate) then	ArchiveDate = set_error('archive_missing_date');	end	if "no" == DeadURL then	local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived'];	if sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end	Archived = sepc .. " " .. substitute( cfg.messages['archived-not-dead'],	{ external_link( ArchiveURL, arch_text, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), nil ) .. ArchiveFormat, ArchiveDate } );	if not is_set(OriginalURL) then	Archived = Archived .. " " .. set_error('archive_missing_url');	end	elseif is_set(OriginalURL) then	-- DeadURL is empty, 'yes', 'true', 'y', 'unfit', 'usurped'	local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-dead'];	if sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end	if in_array (DeadURL, {'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'}) then	Archived = sepc .. " " .. 'Archived from the original on ' .. ArchiveDate;	-- format already styled	if 'bot: unknown' == DeadURL then	add_maint_cat ('bot:_unknown');	-- and add a category if not already added	else	add_maint_cat ('unfit');	-- and add a category if not already added	end	else	-- DeadURL is empty, 'yes', 'true', or 'y'	Archived = sepc .. " " .. substitute( arch_text,	{ external_link( OriginalURL, cfg.messages['original'], OriginalURLorigin, OriginalAccess ) .. OriginalFormat, ArchiveDate } );	-- format already styled	end	else	local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-missing'];	if sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end	Archived = sepc .. " " .. substitute( arch_text,	{ set_error('archive_missing_url'), ArchiveDate } );	end	elseif is_set (ArchiveFormat) then	Archived = ArchiveFormat;	-- if set and ArchiveURL not set ArchiveFormat has error message	else	Archived = ""	end	local Lay = '';	if is_set(LayURL) then	if is_set(LayDate) then LayDate = " (" .. LayDate .. ")" end	if is_set(LaySource) then	LaySource = " &ndash; ''" .. safe_for_italics(LaySource) .. "''";	else	LaySource = "";	end	if sepc == '.' then	Lay = sepc .. " " .. external_link( LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary'], A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil ) .. LayFormat .. LaySource .. LayDate	else	Lay = sepc .. " " .. external_link( LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary']:lower(), A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil ) .. LayFormat .. LaySource .. LayDate	end	elseif is_set (LayFormat) then	-- Test if |lay-format= is given without giving a |lay-url=	Lay = sepc .. LayFormat;	-- if set and LayURL not set, then LayFormat has error message	end	if is_set(Transcript) then	if is_set(TranscriptURL) then	Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, Transcript, TranscriptURLorigin, nil );	end	Transcript = sepc .. ' ' .. Transcript .. TranscriptFormat;	elseif is_set(TranscriptURL) then	Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, nil, TranscriptURLorigin, nil );	end	local Publisher;	if is_set(PublicationDate) then	PublicationDate = wrap_msg ('published', PublicationDate);	end	if is_set(PublisherName) then	if is_set(PublicationPlace) then	Publisher = sepc .. " " .. PublicationPlace .. ": " .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;	else	Publisher = sepc .. " " .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;	end	elseif is_set(PublicationPlace) then	Publisher= sepc .. " " .. PublicationPlace .. PublicationDate;	else	Publisher = PublicationDate;	end	-- Several of the above rely upon detecting this as nil, so do it last.	if is_set(Periodical) then	if is_set(Title) or is_set(TitleNote) then	Periodical = sepc .. " " .. wrap_style ('italic-title', Periodical)	else	Periodical = wrap_style ('italic-title', Periodical)	end	end --[[ Handle the oddity that is cite speech. This code overrides whatever may be the value assigned to TitleNote (through |department=) and forces it to be " (Speech)" so that the annotation directly follows the |title= parameter value in the citation rather than the |event= parameter value (if provided). ]]	if "speech" == config.CitationClass then	-- cite speech only	TitleNote = " (Speech)";	-- annotate the citation	if is_set (Periodical) then	-- if Periodical, perhaps because of an included |website= or |journal= parameter	if is_set (Conference) then	-- and if |event= is set	Conference = Conference .. sepc .. " ";	-- then add appropriate punctuation to the end of the Conference variable before rendering	end	end	end	-- Piece all bits together at last. Here, all should be non-nil.	-- We build things this way because it is more efficient in LUA	-- not to keep reassigning to the same string variable over and over.	local tcommon;	local tcommon2;	-- used for book cite when |contributor= is set	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {"journal","citation"}) and is_set(Periodical) then	if is_set(Others) then Others = Others .. sepc .. " " end	if 'mla' == Mode then	tcommon = safe_join( {Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Publisher, Agency, Volume}, sepc );	else	tcommon = safe_join( {Others, Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series,	Language, Edition, Publisher, Agency, Volume}, sepc );	end	elseif in_array(config.CitationClass, {"book","citation"}) and not is_set(Periodical) then	-- special cases for book cites	if is_set (Contributors) then	-- when we are citing foreword, preface, introduction, etc	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote}, sepc );	-- author and other stuff will come after this and before tcommon2	if 'mla' == Mode then	tcommon2 = safe_join( {Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );	else	tcommon2 = safe_join( {Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );	end	elseif 'mla' == Mode then	tcommon = safe_join( {TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );	else	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );	end	elseif 'map' == config.CitationClass then	-- special cases for cite map	if is_set (Chapter) then	-- map in a book; TitleType is part of Chapter	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, Format, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc );	elseif is_set (Periodical) then	-- map in a periodical	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleType, Format, Periodical, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc );	else	-- a sheet or stand-alone map	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleType, Format, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher}, sepc );	end	elseif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then	-- special case for cite episode	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Transcript, Language, Edition, Publisher}, sepc );	elseif ('news' == config.CitationClass) and ('mla' == Mode) then	-- special case for cite news in MLA mode	tcommon = safe_join( {Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Agency}, sepc );	elseif ('web' == config.CitationClass) and ('mla' == Mode) then	-- special case for cite web in MLA mode	tcommon = safe_join( {Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language,	Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );	else	-- all other CS1 templates	tcommon = safe_join( {Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, Format, TitleType, Series, Language,	Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc );	end	if #ID_list > 0 then	ID_list = safe_join( { sepc .. " ", table.concat( ID_list, sepc .. " " ), ID }, sepc );	else	ID_list = ID;	end	local idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, AccessDate, Via, SubscriptionRequired, Lay, Quote }, sepc );	local text;	local pgtext = Position .. Sheet .. Sheets .. Page .. Pages .. At;	if is_set(Date) then	if ('mla' == Mode) then	if in_array (config.CitationClass, {'book', 'news', 'web'}) then	Date = ', ' .. Date;	-- origyear follows title in mla	elseif 'journal' == config.CitationClass then	Date = ', (' .. Date .. ')';	end	elseif is_set (Authors) or is_set (Editors) then	-- date follows authors or editors when authors not set	Date = " (" .. Date ..")" .. OrigYear .. sepc .. " ";	-- in paranetheses	else	-- neither of authors and editors set	if (string.sub(tcommon,-1,-1) == sepc) then	-- if the last character of tcommon is sepc	Date = " " .. Date .. OrigYear;	-- Date does not begin with sepc	else	Date = sepc .. " " .. Date .. OrigYear;	-- Date begins with sepc	end	end	end	if is_set(Authors) then	if (not is_set (Date)) or ('mla' == Mode) then	-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Authors termination	Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);	-- when no date, terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space	end	if is_set(Editors) then	local in_text = " ";	local post_text = "";	if is_set(Chapter) and 0 == #c and 'mla' ~= Mode then	in_text = in_text .. cfg.messages['in'] .. " "	if (sepc ~= '.') then in_text = in_text:lower() end	-- lowercase for cs2	elseif is_set(Chapter) and 'mla' == Mode then	if EditorCount <= 1 then	in_text = '. Ed. ';	else	in_text = '. Eds. ';	end	else	if EditorCount <= 1 then	post_text = ", " .. cfg.messages['editor'];	else	post_text = ", " .. cfg.messages['editors'];	end	end	Editors = terminate_name_list (in_text .. Editors .. post_text, sepc);	-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space	end	if is_set (Contributors) then	-- book cite and we're citing the intro, preface, etc	local by_text = sepc .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['by'] .. ' ';	if (sepc ~= '.') then by_text = by_text:lower() end	-- lowercase for cs2	Authors = by_text .. Authors;	-- author follows title so tweak it here	if is_set (Editors) and is_set (Date) and ('mla' ~= Mode) then	-- when Editors make sure that Authors gets terminated	Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);	-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space	end	if (not is_set (Date)) or ('mla' == Mode) then	-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Contributors termination	Contributors = terminate_name_list (Contributors, sepc);	-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space	end	if 'mla' == Mode then	text = safe_join( {Contributors, Chapter, tcommon, OrigYear, Authors, Place, Others, Editors, tcommon2, Date, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );	else	text = safe_join( {Contributors, Date, Chapter, tcommon, Authors, Place, Editors, tcommon2, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );	end	elseif 'mla' == Mode then	tcommon = tcommon .. Date;	-- hack to avoid duplicate separators	text = safe_join( {Authors, Chapter, Title, OrigYear, Others, Editors, Edition, Place, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );	else	text = safe_join( {Authors, Date, Chapter, Place, Editors, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );	end	elseif is_set(Editors) then	if is_set(Date) then	if EditorCount <= 1 then	Editors = Editors .. ", " .. cfg.messages['editor'];	else	Editors = Editors .. ", " .. cfg.messages['editors'];	end	else	if EditorCount <= 1 then	Editors = Editors .. " (" .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. ")" .. sepc .. " "	else	Editors = Editors .. " (" .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. ")" .. sepc .. " "	end	end	if 'mla' == Mode then	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'news', 'web'}) and is_set(Periodical) then	text = safe_join( {Editors, Title, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );	else	text = safe_join( {Editors, Chapter, Title, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );	end	else	text = safe_join( {Editors, Date, Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );	end	elseif 'mla' == Mode then	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'news', 'web'}) and is_set(Periodical) then	text = safe_join( {Title, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );	else	text = safe_join( {Chapter, Title, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );	end	else	if in_array(config.CitationClass, {"journal","citation"}) and is_set(Periodical) then	text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );	else	text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );	end	end	if is_set(PostScript) and PostScript ~= sepc then	text = safe_join( {text, sepc}, sepc ); --Deals with italics, spaces, etc.	text = text:sub(1,-sepc:len()-1);	end	text = safe_join( {text, PostScript}, sepc );	-- Now enclose the whole thing in a <cite/> element	local options = {};	if is_set(config.CitationClass) and config.CitationClass ~= "citation" then	options.class = config.CitationClass;	options.class = "citation " .. config.CitationClass;	-- class=citation required for blue highlight when used with |ref=	else	options.class = "citation";	end	if is_set(Ref) and Ref:lower() ~= "none" then	-- set reference anchor if appropriate	local id = Ref	if ('harv' == Ref ) then	local namelist = {};	-- holds selected contributor, author, editor name list	local year = first_set ({Year, anchor_year}, 2);	-- Year first for legacy citations and for YMD dates that require disambiguation	if #c > 0 then	-- if there is a contributor list	namelist = c;	-- select it	elseif #a > 0 then	-- or an author list	namelist = a;	elseif #e > 0 then	-- or an editor list	namelist = e;	end	if #namelist > 0 then	-- if there are names in namelist	id = anchor_id (namelist, year);	-- go make the CITEREF anchor	else	id = '';	-- unset	end	end	options.id = id;	end	if string.len(text:gsub("<span[^>/]*>(.-)</span>", "%1"):gsub("%b<>","")) <= 2 then	-- remove <span> tags and other html-like markup; then get length of what remains	z.error_categories = {};	text = set_error('empty_citation');	z.message_tail = {};	end	if is_set(options.id) then	-- here we wrap the rendered citation in <cite ...>...</cite> tags	text = substitute (cfg.presentation['cite-id'], {mw.uri.anchorEncode(options.id), mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text});	-- when |ref= is set	else	text = substitute (cfg.presentation['cite'], {mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text});	-- all other cases	end	text = text .. substitute (cfg.presentation['ocins'], {OCinSoutput});	-- append metadata to the citation	if #z.message_tail ~= 0 then	text = text .. " ";	for i,v in ipairs( z.message_tail ) do	if is_set(v[1]) then	if i == #z.message_tail then	text = text .. error_comment( v[1], v[2] );	else	text = text .. error_comment( v[1] .. "; ", v[2] );	end	end	end	end	if #z.maintenance_cats ~= 0 then	text = text .. '<span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">';	for _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do	-- append maintenance categories	text = text .. v .. ' ([[:Category:' .. v ..'|link]])';	end	text = text .. '</span>';	-- maintenance mesages (realy just the names of the categories for now)	end	no_tracking_cats = no_tracking_cats:lower();	if in_array(no_tracking_cats, {"", "no", "false", "n"}) then	for _, v in ipairs( z.error_categories ) do	text = text .. '[[Category:' .. v ..']]';	end	for _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do	-- append maintenance categories	text = text .. '[[Category:' .. v ..']]';	end	for _, v in ipairs( z.properties_cats ) do	-- append maintenance categories	text = text .. '[[Category:' .. v ..']]';	end	end	return text end --[[--------------------------< C S 1 . C I T A T I O N >------------------------------------------------------ This is used by templates such as {{cite book}} to create the actual citation text. ]] function cs1.citation(frame)	Frame = frame;	-- save a copy incase we need to display an error message in preview mode	local pframe = frame:getParent()	local validation, utilities, identifiers, metadata;	if nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) then	-- did the {{#invoke:}} use sandbox version?	cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration/sandbox');	-- load sandbox versions of support modules	whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist/sandbox');	utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities/sandbox');	validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation/sandbox');	identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers/sandbox');	metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS/sandbox');	else	-- otherwise	cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration');	-- load live versions of support modules	whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist');	utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities');	validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation');	identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers');	metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS');	end	utilities.set_selected_modules (cfg);	-- so that functions in Utilities can see the cfg tables	identifiers.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);	-- so that functions in Identifiers can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module	validation.set_selected_modules (utilities);	-- so that functions in Date validataion can see the selected Utilities module	metadata.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);	-- so that functions in COinS can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module	dates = validation.dates;	-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation	year_date_check = validation.year_date_check;	reformat_dates = validation.reformat_dates;	date_hyphen_to_dash = validation.date_hyphen_to_dash;	is_set = utilities.is_set;	-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities	in_array = utilities.in_array;	substitute = utilities.substitute;	error_comment = utilities.error_comment;	set_error = utilities.set_error;	select_one = utilities.select_one;	add_maint_cat = utilities.add_maint_cat;	wrap_style = utilities.wrap_style;	safe_for_italics = utilities.safe_for_italics;	remove_wiki_link = utilities.remove_wiki_link;	z = utilities.z;	-- table of error and category tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities	extract_ids = identifiers.extract_ids;	-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers	build_id_list = identifiers.build_id_list;	is_embargoed = identifiers.is_embargoed;	extract_id_access_levels = identifiers.extract_id_access_levels;	make_coins_title = metadata.make_coins_title;	-- imported functions from Module:Citation/CS1/COinS	get_coins_pages = metadata.get_coins_pages;	COinS = metadata.COinS;	local args = {};	-- table where we store all of the template's arguments	local suggestions = {};	-- table where we store suggestions if we need to loadData them	local error_text, error_state;	local config = {};	-- table to store parameters from the module {{#invoke:}}	for k, v in pairs( frame.args ) do	config[k] = v; --	args[k] = v;	-- debug tool that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}}	end	local capture;	-- the single supported capture when matching unknown parameters using patterns	for k, v in pairs( pframe.args ) do	if v ~= '' then	if not validate( k, config.CitationClass ) then	error_text = "";	if type( k ) ~= 'string' then	-- Exclude empty numbered parameters	if v:match("%S+") ~= nil then	error_text, error_state = set_error( 'text_ignored', {v}, true );	end	elseif validate( k:lower(), config.CitationClass ) then	error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, k:lower()}, true );	else	if nil == suggestions.suggestions then	-- if this table is nil then we need to load it	if nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'sandbox', 1, true) then	-- did the {{#invoke:}} use sandbox version?	suggestions = mw.loadData( 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions/sandbox' );	-- use the sandbox version	else	suggestions = mw.loadData( 'Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' );	-- use the live version	end	end	for pattern, param in pairs (suggestions.patterns) do	-- loop through the patterns to see if we can suggest a proper parameter	capture = k:match (pattern);	-- the whole match if no caputre in pattern else the capture if a match	if capture then	-- if the pattern matches	param = substitute( param, capture );	-- add the capture to the suggested parameter (typically the enumerator)	error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, param}, true );	-- set the error message	end	end	if not is_set (error_text) then	-- couldn't match with a pattern, is there an expicit suggestion?	if suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ] ~= nil then	error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ]}, true );	else	error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored', {k}, true );	v = '';	-- unset value assigned to unrecognized parameters (this for the limited parameter lists)	end	end	end	if error_text ~= '' then	table.insert( z.message_tail, {error_text, error_state} );	end	end	missing_pipe_check (v);	-- do we think that there is a parameter that is missing a pipe?	args[k] = v;	elseif args[k] ~= nil or (k == 'postscript') then	args[k] = v;	end	end	for k, v in pairs( args ) do	if 'string' == type (k) then	-- don't evaluate positional parameters	has_invisible_chars (k, v);	end	end	return citation0( config, args) end return cs1;