Use this when layers are added, deleted, or their order is changed. Can you get a signal when a layer name is changed?
QgsProject.instance().legendLayersAdded.connect(self.polygonList) QgsProject.instance().layerRemoved.connect(self.polygonList) QgsProject.instance().layerTreeRoot().layerOrderChanged.connect(self.polygonList) 
nameChangedofQgsMapLayeris related to specific layer, not to layer tree. I guess OP asks how to get a signal when any layer name has changed.