这是一个非官方的 知乎 API 库,用 Go 实现。
本项目基本上是把 zhihu-python 和 zhihu-py3 从 Python 移植到了 Go. 相比之下,比 zhihu-python 的 API 更丰富,比 zhihu-py3 少了活动相关的 API.
注意:知乎的 API、前端等都可能随时会更新,所以本项目的接口可能会有过时的情况。如果遇到此类问题,欢迎提交 issue 或 pull requests.
直接使用 go get:
go get github.com/DeanThompson/zhihu-go依赖以下第三方库:
- goquery: 用于解析 HTML,语法操作类似 jQuery
- color:用于输出带颜色的日志
- persistent-cookiejar:用于维护一个持久化的 cookiejar,实现保持登录
请点击链接前往 GoDoc 查看:zhihu-go
目前已经实现了用户(User),问题(Question),回答(Answer),收藏夹(Collection),话题(Topic)相关的 API,都是信息获取类的,暂无操作类的。
zhihu-go 包名为 zhihu,使用前需要先 import:
import "github.com/DeanThompson/zhihu-go"调用 API 之前需要先登录。在 zhihu-go 内部,使用一个全局的 session 来访问所有页面,并自动处理 cookies.
创建一个 JSON 格式的配置文件,提供一个账号和密码,格式如 config-example.json.
登录(初始化 session):
zhihu.Init("/path/to/config.json")第一次登录会调用图像界面打开验证码文件,需要手动输入验证码到控制台。如果登录成功,后续的请求会沿用此次登录的 cookie, 不需要重复登录。
zhihu.User 表示一个知乎用户,可以用于获取一个用户的各种数据。
创建一个 User 对象需要传入用户主页的 URL 及其知乎 ID(用户名),如:
link := "https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin" userID := "黄继新" user := zhihu.NewUser(link, userID)获取用户的数据(代码见:example.go):
func showUser(user *zhihu.User) { logger.Info("User fields:") logger.Info(" is anonymous: %v", user.IsAnonymous()) // 是否匿名用户:false logger.Info(" userId: %s", user.GetUserID()) // 知乎ID:黄继新 logger.Info(" dataId: %s", user.GetDataID()) // hash ID:b6f80220378c8b0b78175dd6a0b9c680 logger.Info(" bio: %s", user.GetBio()) // BIO:和知乎在一起 logger.Info(" location: %s", user.GetLocation()) // 位置:北京 logger.Info(" business: %s", user.GetBusiness()) // 行业:互联网 logger.Info(" gender: %s", user.GetGender()) // 性别:male logger.Info(" education: %s", user.GetEducation()) // 学校:北京第二外国语学院 logger.Info(" followers num: %d", user.GetFollowersNum()) // 粉丝数:756632 logger.Info(" followees num: %d", user.GetFolloweesNum()) // 关注的人数: 9249 logger.Info(" followed columns num: %d", user.GetFollowedColumnsNum()) // 关注的专栏数:631 logger.Info(" followed topics num: %d", user.GetFollowedTopicsNum()) // 关注的话题数:131 logger.Info(" agree num: %d", user.GetAgreeNum()) // 获得的赞同数:68557 logger.Info(" thanks num: %d", user.GetThanksNum()) // 获得的感谢数:17651 logger.Info(" asks num: %d", user.GetAsksNum()) // 提问数:1336 logger.Info(" answers num: %d", user.GetAnswersNum()) // 回答数:785 logger.Info(" posts num: %d", user.GetPostsNum()) // 专栏文章数:92 logger.Info(" collections num: %d", user.GetCollectionsNum()) // 收藏夹数量:44 logger.Info(" logs num: %d", user.GetLogsNum()) // 公共编辑数:51596 // <Topic: 知乎指南 - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19550235> // <Topic: 苹果公司 (Apple Inc.) - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19551762> // <Topic: 创新工场 - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19624098> // <Topic: iPhone - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19550292> // <Topic: 风险投资(VC) - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19550422> for i, topic := range user.GetFollowedTopicsN(5) { logger.Info(" top followed topic-%d: %s", i+1, topic.String()) } // <User: Zz XI - https://www.zhihu.com/people/zz-xi-18> // <User: xyn - https://www.zhihu.com/people/xyn-31> // <User: 江湖人称丸子头 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jiang-hu-ren-cheng-wan-zi-tou> // <User: 小萍果Y - https://www.zhihu.com/people/xiao-ping-guo-y> // <User: 最爱麦丽素 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/Mylikes-82> for i, follower := range user.GetFollowersN(5) { logger.Info(" top follower-%d: %s", i+1, follower.String()) } // <User: 最爱麦丽素 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/Mylikes-82> // <User: meidong - https://www.zhihu.com/people/zhalimuto> // <User: 青锐吴斌 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/wu-bin-817> // <User: Klaith - https://www.zhihu.com/people/Klaith> // <User: 张野 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/zhang-ye-91-9> for i, followee := range user.GetFolloweesN(5) { logger.Info(" top followee-%d: %s", i+1, followee.String()) } // <Question: 偏好投票制(Preferential Voting)的优点和缺点是什么?最适用于哪类场合? - https://www.zhihu.com/question/40939579> // <Question: 关于飞机上对使用手机的限制,为什么国内航班比国外航班严? - https://www.zhihu.com/question/34302422> // <Question: 银联人民币卡可以在美国支持银联的 ATM 机上直接取美元吗? - https://www.zhihu.com/question/33874729> // <Question: 小猫掉进了 5 米深的天井,如何能尽快救出?救助时应注意什么? - https://www.zhihu.com/question/33307041> // <Question: 一件商品打一折(90% off)销售,这属于「超高折扣」还是「超低折扣」? - https://www.zhihu.com/question/31332557> for i, ask := range user.GetAsksN(5) { logger.Info(" top ask-%d: %s", i+1, ask.String()) } // <Answer: <User: 黄继新 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin> - https://www.zhihu.com/question/40394171/answer/86692178> // <Answer: <User: 黄继新 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin> - https://www.zhihu.com/question/19952708/answer/84561308> // <Answer: <User: 黄继新 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin> - https://www.zhihu.com/question/35987345/answer/72981016> // <Answer: <User: 黄继新 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin> - https://www.zhihu.com/question/24980451/answer/29789141> // <Answer: <User: 黄继新 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin> - https://www.zhihu.com/question/24816698/answer/29229733> for i, answer := range user.GetAnswersN(5) { logger.Info(" top answer-%d: %s", i+1, answer.String()) } // <Collection: 单子 - https://www.zhihu.com/collection/36510307> // <Collection: 稍后回答 - https://www.zhihu.com/collection/19665350> // <Collection: 广告! - https://www.zhihu.com/collection/19688005> // <Collection: 关于知乎的思考 - https://www.zhihu.com/collection/19573315> // <Collection: MD,说得太好了! - https://www.zhihu.com/collection/19886553> for i, collection := range user.GetCollectionsN(5) { logger.Info(" top collection-%d: %s", i+1, collection.String()) } for i, like := range user.GetLikes() { logger.Info(" like-%d: %s", i+1, like.String()) } }zhihu.Question 表示一个知乎问题,用于获取问题相关的数据。初始化需要提供 url 和标题(可为空):
link := "https://www.zhihu.com/question/28966220" title := "Python 编程,应该养成哪些好的习惯?" question := zhihu.NewQuestion(link, title)获取问题数据:(代码见:example.go)
func showQuestion(question *zhihu.Question) { logger.Info("Question fields:") // 链接:https://www.zhihu.com/question/28966220 logger.Info(" url: %s", question.Link) // 标题:Python 编程,应该养成哪些好的习惯? logger.Info(" title: %s", question.GetTitle()) // 描述:我以为编程习惯很重要的,一开始就养成这些习惯,不仅可以提高编程速度,还可以减少 bug 出现的概率。希望各位分享好的编程习惯。 logger.Info(" detail: %s", question.GetDetail()) logger.Info(" answers num: %d", question.GetAnswersNum()) // 回答数:15 logger.Info(" followers num: %d", question.GetFollowersNum()) // 关注者数量:1473 // <Topic: 程序员 - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19552330> // <Topic: Python - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19552832> // <Topic: 编程 - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19554298> // <Topic: Python 入门 - https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19661050> for i, topic := range question.GetTopics() { logger.Info(" topic-%d: %s", i+1, topic.String()) } // <User: 铁头爸爸 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/li-liang-68-9> // <User: 阳阳 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/yang-yang-3-29-52> // <User: 田小芳 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/tian-xiao-fang-55> // <User: 濕濕 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/shi-shi-29-7-18> // <User: 陈翔宇 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/chen-xiang-yu-91-74> for i, follower := range question.GetFollowersN(5) { logger.Info(" top follower-%d: %s", i+1, follower.String()) } for i, follower := range question.GetFollowers() { // 关注者列表 logger.Info(" follower-%d: %s", i+1, follower.String()) if i >= 10 { logger.Info(" %d followers not shown.", question.GetFollowersNum()-i-1) break } } allAnswers := question.GetAllAnswers() // 所有回答 for i, answer := range allAnswers { logger.Info(" answer-%d: %s", i+1, answer.String()) filename := fmt.Sprintf("/tmp/%s-%s的回答.html", question.GetTitle(), answer.GetAuthor().GetUserID()) dumpAnswerHTML(filename, answer) if i >= 10 { logger.Info(" %d answers not shown.", len(allAnswers)-i-1) break } } topXAnswers := question.GetTopXAnswers(25) // 前 25 个回答 for i, answer := range topXAnswers { logger.Info(" top-%d answer: %s", i+1, answer.String()) } // 排名第一的回答 // <Answer: <User: 陈村 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/xjiangxjxjxjx> - https://www.zhihu.com/question/28966220/answer/43346747> logger.Info(" top-1 answer: %s", question.GetTopAnswer().String()) logger.Info(" visit times: %d", question.GetVisitTimes()) // 查看次数:32942 }zhihu.Answer 表示一个知乎答案,初始化时需要指定页面链接,也支持指定对应的问题(*Question,可以为 nil)和作者(*User,可以为 nil):
// 龙有九个儿子,是跟谁生的?为什么「龙生九子,各不成龙」?豆子 的答案 answer := zhihu.NewAnswer("https://www.zhihu.com/question/23759686/answer/41997389", nil, nil)获取回答数据:(代码见:example.go)
func showAnswer(answer *zhihu.Answer) { logger.Info("Answer fields:") // 链接:https://www.zhihu.com/question/23759686/answer/41997389 logger.Info(" url: %s", answer.Link) // 所属问题 // 链接:https://www.zhihu.com/question/23759686 // 标题:龙有九个儿子,是跟谁生的?为什么「龙生九子,各不成龙」? question := answer.GetQuestion() logger.Info(" question url: %s", question.Link) logger.Info(" question title: %s", question.GetTitle()) // 作者:<User: 豆子 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/douzishushu> logger.Info(" author: %s", answer.GetAuthor().String()) logger.Info(" upvote num: %d", answer.GetUpvote()) // 赞同数:26486 logger.Info(" comments num: %d", answer.GetCommentsNum()) // 评论数:20 logger.Info(" collected num: %d", answer.GetCollectedNum())// 被收藏次数:22929 logger.Info(" data ID: %d", answer.GetID()) // 数字 ID:12191779 // 点赞的用户 voters := answer.GetVoters() for i, voter := range voters { logger.Info(" voter-%d: %s", i+1, voter.String()) if i >= 10 { remain := len(voters) - i - 1 logger.Info(" %d votes not shown.", remain) break } } }zhihu.Collection 表示一个收藏夹,初始化时必须指定页面 url,支持指定名称(string 可以为 "")和创建者(creator *User,可以为 nil):
// 黄继新 A4U collection := zhihu.NewCollection("https://www.zhihu.com/collection/19677733", "", nil)获取收藏夹数据:(代码见:example.go)
func showCollection(collection *zhihu.Collection) { logger.Info("Collection fields:") // 链接:https://www.zhihu.com/collection/19677733 logger.Info(" url: %s", collection.Link) // 名称:A4U logger.Info(" name: %s", collection.GetName()) // 作者:<User: 黄继新 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/jixin> logger.Info(" creator: %s", collection.GetCreator().String()) logger.Info(" followers num: %d", collection.GetFollowersNum()) // 关注者数量:29 // 获取 5 个关注者 for i, follower := range collection.GetFollowersN(5) { logger.Info(" top follower-%d: %s", i+1, follower.String()) } // 获取 5 个问题 for i, question := range collection.GetQuestionsN(5) { logger.Info(" top question-%d: %s", i+1, question.String()) } // 获取 5 个回答 for i, answer := range collection.GetAnswersN(5) { logger.Info(" top answer-%d: %s", i+1, answer.String()) } }zhihu.Collection 表示一个话题,初始化时必须指定页面 url,支持指定名称(string 可以为 ""):
// Python topic := zhihu.NewTopic("https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19552832", "")获取收藏夹数据:(代码见:example.go)
func showTopic(topic *zhihu.Topic) { logger.Info("Topic fields:") // 链接:https://www.zhihu.com/topic/19552832 logger.Info(" url: %s", topic.Link) // 名称:Python logger.Info(" name: %s", topic.GetName()) // 描述:Python 是一种面向对象的解释型计算机程序设计语言,在设计中注重代码的可读性,同时也是一种功能强大的通用型语言。 logger.Info(" description: %s", topic.GetDescription()) // 关注者数量:82805 logger.Info(" followers num: %d", topic.GetFollowersNum()) // 最佳答主,一般为 5 个 // <User: RednaxelaFX - https://www.zhihu.com/people/rednaxelafx> // <User: 松鼠奥利奥 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/tonyseek> // <User: 涛吴 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/Metaphox> // <User: 冯昱尧 - https://www.zhihu.com/people/feng-yu-yao> // <User: Coldwings - https://www.zhihu.com/people/coldwings> for i, author := range topic.GetTopAuthors() { logger.Info(" top-%d author: %s", i+1, author.String()) } }无,欢迎 提交 issues
按优先级降序排列:
- 获取回答的收藏数
- 获取收藏夹的答案数量
- 获取用户的头像
- 获取用户的微博地址
- 把答案导出到 markdown 文件
- 更多的登录方式,不需要依赖图形界面打开验证码文件
- 增加评论相关的 API
- 增加活动相关的 API
- 增加专栏相关的 API
- test(暂时没想好怎么做)
很可能不会做:
- 增加用户的操作,如点赞、关注等