#!/bin/bash # Your code here

name="John" echo "Hello, $name!"

if [ condition ]; then # Code to execute if condition is true fi for i in {1..5}; do # Code to repeat 5 times done

function greet { echo "Hello, $1!" } greet "Alice"

# Check if a file exists if [ -e "file.txt" ]; then # Code to execute if file exists fi # Read from a file content=$(<file.txt)

# Replace text in a file sed 's/old/new/g' input.txt > output.txt # Print specific columns from a CSV awk -F',' '{print $1, $3}' data.csv

#!/bin/bash # Access command-line arguments echo "Script name: $0" echo "First argument: $1"

!! # Re-run the previous command touch foo.sh chmod +x !$ # Apply executable permissions to the last argument of the previous command (foo.sh)

pwd # Print the current directory path ls # List directories ls -a|--all # List all directories, including hidden ones ls -l # List directories in long format ls -l -h|--human-readable # List directories in long format with human-readable sizes ls -t # List directories by modification time, with newest first stat foo.txt # Display size, creation, and modification timestamps for a file stat foo # Display size, creation, and modification timestamps for a directory tree # Display directory and file tree tree -a # Display directory and file tree, including hidden entries tree -d # Display directory tree cd foo # Change directory to 'foo' cd # Change directory to home directory cd ~ # Change directory to home directory cd - # Change directory to the last visited directory pushd foo # Change directory to 'foo' and add the previous directory to the directory stack popd # Return to the directory saved by the last 'pushd' command

mkdir foo # Create a directory named 'foo' mkdir foo bar # Create multiple directories mkdir -p|--parents foo/bar # Create a nested directory mkdir -p|--parents {foo,bar}/baz # Create multiple nested directories mktemp -d|--directory # Create a temporary directory

cp -R|--recursive foo bar # Copy directory 'foo' to 'bar' mv foo bar # Move directory 'foo' to 'bar' rsync -z|--compress -v|--verbose /foo /bar # Copy directory, overwriting destination rsync -a|--archive -z|--compress -v|--verbose /foo /bar # Copy directory, without overwriting destination rsync -avz /foo username@hostname:/bar # Copy local directory to remote directory rsync -avz username@hostname:/foo /bar # Copy remote directory to local directory

rmdir foo # Delete empty directory 'foo' rm -r|--recursive foo # Delete directory 'foo' and its contents rm -r|--recursive -f|--force foo # Delete directory 'foo' and its contents, ignoring nonexistent files and never prompting

touch foo.txt # Create or update file 'foo.txt' touch foo.txt bar.txt # Create multiple files touch {foo,bar}.txt # Create multiple files touch test{1..3} # Create test1, test2, and test3 files touch test{a..c} # Create testa, testb, and testc files mktemp # Create a temporary file

echo "foo" > bar.txt # Overwrite file 'bar.txt' with content echo "foo" >> bar.txt # Append content to file 'bar.txt' ls exists 1> stdout.txt # Redirect standard output to a file ls noexist 2> stderror.txt # Redirect standard error output to a file ls 2>&1 > out.txt # Redirect standard output and error to a file ls > /dev/null # Discard standard output and error read foo # Read from standard input and assign to variable 'foo'

cp foo.txt bar.txt # Copy file 'foo.txt' to 'bar.txt' mv foo.txt bar.txt # Move file 'foo.txt' to 'bar.txt' rsync -z|--compress -v|--verbose /foo.txt /bar # Copy file quickly if it's changed rsync z|--compress -v|--verbose /foo.txt /bar.txt # Copy and rename file quickly if it's changed

rm foo.txt # Delete file 'foo.txt' rm -f|--force foo.txt # Delete file 'foo.txt', ignore nonexistent files, and never prompt

cat foo.txt # Print all contents less foo.txt # View contents paginated (g - go to top, SHIFT+g - go to bottom, /foo - search for 'foo') head foo.txt # Display top 10 lines of the file tail foo.txt # Display bottom 10 lines of the file open foo.txt # Open file in the default editor wc foo.txt # Count lines, words, and characters in the file

ls -l /foo.sh # List file permissions chmod +100 foo.sh # Add execute permission for the user chmod -100 foo.sh # Remove execute permission for the user chmod u+x foo.sh # Grant execute permission to the user chmod g+x foo.sh # Grant execute permission to the group chmod u-x,g-x foo.sh # Revoke execute permission from the user and group chmod u+x,g+x,o+x foo.sh # Grant execute permission to everyone chmod a+x foo.sh # Grant execute permission to everyone chmod +x foo.sh # Grant execute permission to everyone

type wget # Find the binary which wget # Find the binary whereis wget # Find the binary, source, and manual page files

updatedb # Update the index locate foo.txt # Find a file locate --ignore-case foo.txt # Find a file and ignore case locate f*.txt # Find text files starting with 'f'

find /path -name foo.txt # Find a file find /path -iname foo.txt # Find a file with case-insensitive search find /path -name "*.txt" # Find all text files find /path -name foo.txt -delete # Find a file and delete it find /path -name "*.png" -exec pngquant {} # Find and execute pngquant on all .png files find /path -type f -name foo.txt # Find a file find /path -type d -name foo # Find a directory find /path -type l -name foo.txt # Find a symbolic link find /path -type f -mtime +30 # Find files not modified in 30 days find /path -type f -mtime +30 -delete # Delete files not modified in 30 days

grep 'foo' /bar.txt # Search for 'foo' in file 'bar.txt' grep 'foo' /bar -r|--recursive # Search for 'foo' in directory 'bar' grep 'foo' /bar -R|--dereference-recursive # Search for 'foo' in directory 'bar' and follow symbolic links grep 'foo' /bar -l|--files-with-matches # Show files that match grep 'foo' /bar -L|--files-without-match # Show files that don't match grep 'Foo' /bar -i|--ignore-case # Case-insensitive search grep 'foo' /bar -x|--line-regexp # Match the entire line grep 'foo' /bar -C|--context 1 # Add N lines of context above and below each search result grep 'foo' /bar -v|--invert-match # Show lines that don't match grep 'foo' /bar -c|--count # Count lines that match grep 'foo' /bar -n|--line-number # Add line numbers grep 'foo' /bar --colour # Add color to output grep 'foo\|bar' /baz -R # Search for 'foo' or 'bar' in directory 'baz' grep --extended-regexp|-E 'foo|bar' /baz -R# Use regular expressions egrep 'foo|bar' /baz -R # Use regular expressions

sed 's/fox/bear/g' foo.txt # Replace 'fox' with 'bear' in foo.txt and display to console sed 's/fox/bear/gi' foo.txt # Replace 'fox' (case insensitive) with 'bear' in foo.txt and display to console sed 's/red fox/blue bear/g' foo.txt # Replace 'red' with 'blue' and 'fox' with 'bear' in foo.txt and display to console sed 's/fox/bear/g' foo.txt > bar.txt # Replace 'fox' with 'bear' in foo.txt and save to bar.txt sed 's/fox/bear/g' foo.txt -i|--in-place # Replace 'fox' with 'bear' in foo.txt and overwrite foo.txt

ln -s|--symbolic foo bar # Create a symbolic link 'bar' to the 'foo' folder ln -s|--symbolic -f|--force foo bar # Overwrite an existing symbolic link 'bar' ls -l # Display where symbolic links are pointing

zip foo.zip /bar.txt # Compress bar.txt into foo.zip zip foo.zip /bar.txt /baz.txt # Compress bar.txt and baz.txt into foo.zip zip foo.zip /{bar,baz}.txt # Compress bar.txt and baz.txt into foo.zip zip -r|--recurse-paths foo.zip /bar # Compress directory bar into foo.zip

gzip /bar.txt foo.gz # Compress bar.txt into foo.gz and then delete bar.txt gzip -k|--keep /bar.txt foo.gz # Compress bar.txt into foo.gz

tar -c|--create -z|--gzip -f|--file=foo.tgz /bar.txt /baz.txt # Compress bar.txt and baz.txt into foo.tgz tar -c|--create -z|--gzip -f|--file=foo.tgz /{bar,baz}.txt # Compress bar.txt and baz.txt into foo.tgz tar -c|--create -z|--gzip -f|--file=foo.tgz /bar # Compress directory bar into foo.tgz

unzip foo.zip # Unzip foo.zip into the current directory

gunzip foo.gz # Unzip foo.gz into the current directory and delete foo.gz gunzip -k|--keep foo.gz # Unzip foo.gz into the current directory

tar -x|--extract -z|--gzip -f|--file=foo.tar.gz # Un-compress foo.tar.gz into the current directory tar -x|--extract -f|--file=foo.tar # Un-combine foo.tar into the current directory

df # List disks, size, used, and available space df -h|--human-readable # List disks, size, used, and available space in a human-readable format du # List current directory, subdirectories, and file sizes du /foo/bar # List specified directory, subdirectories, and file sizes du -h|--human-readable # List current directory, subdirectories, and file sizes in a human-readable format du -d|--max-depth # List current directory, subdirectories, and file sizes within the max depth du -d 0 # List current directory size

free # Show memory usage free -h|--human # Show human-readable memory usage free -h|--human --si # Show human-readable memory usage in power of 1000 instead of 1024 free -s|--seconds 5 # Show memory usage and update continuously every five seconds

apt update # Refresh the repository index apt search wget # Search for a package apt show wget # List information about the wget package apt list --all-versions wget # List all versions of the package apt install wget # Install the latest version of the wget package apt install wget=1.2.3 # Install a specific version of the wget package apt remove wget # Remove the wget package apt upgrade # Upgrade all upgradable packages

shutdown # Shutdown in 1 minute shutdown now "Cya later" # Immediately shut down shutdown +5 "Cya later" # Shutdown in 5 minutes shutdown --reboot # Reboot in 1 minute shutdown -r now "Cya later" # Immediately reboot shutdown -r +5 "Cya later" # Reboot in 5 minutes shutdown -c # Cancel a shutdown or reboot reboot # Reboot now reboot -f # Force a reboot

top # List all processes interactively htop # List all processes interactively ps all # List all processes pidof foo # Return the PID of all foo processes CTRL+Z # Suspend a process running in the foreground bg # Resume a suspended process and run in the background fg # Bring the last background process to the foreground fg 1 # Bring the background process with the PID to the foreground sleep 30 & # Sleep for 30 seconds and move the process into the background jobs # List all background jobs jobs -p # List all background jobs with their PID lsof # List all open files and the process using them lsof -itcp:4000 # Return the process listening on port 4000

nice -n -20 foo # Change the process priority by name renice 20 PID # Change the process priority by PID ps -o ni PID # Return the process priority of PID

CTRL+C # Kill a process running in the foreground kill PID # Shut down the process by PID gracefully. Sends TERM signal. kill -9 PID # Force shutdown of the process by PID. Sends SIGKILL signal. pkill foo # Shut down the process by name gracefully. Sends TERM signal. pkill -9 foo # Force shut down the process by name. Sends SIGKILL signal. killall foo # Kill all processes with the specified name gracefully.

date # Print the date and time date --iso-8601 # Print the ISO8601 date date --iso-8601=ns # Print the ISO8601 date and time time tree # Time how long the tree command takes to execute

crontab -l # List the cron tab crontab -e # Edit the cron tab in Vim crontab /path/crontab # Load the cron tab from a file crontab -l > /path/crontab # Save the cron tab to a file * * * * * foo # Run foo every minute */15 * * * * foo # Run foo every 15 minutes 0 * * * * foo # Run foo every hour 15 6 * * * foo # Run foo daily at 6:15 AM 44 4 * * 5 foo # Run foo every Friday at 4:44 AM 0 0 1 * * foo # Run foo at midnight on the first of the month 0 0 1 1 * foo # Run foo at midnight on the first of the year at -l # List scheduled tasks at -c 1 # Show the task with ID 1 at -r 1 # Remove the task with ID 1 at now + 2 minutes # Create a task in Vim to execute in 2 minutes at 12:34 PM next month # Create a task in Vim to execute at 12:34 PM next month at tomorrow # Create a task in Vim to execute tomorrow

curl https://example.com # Retrieve response body curl -i|--include https://example.com # Include status code and HTTP headers curl -L|--location https://example.com # Follow redirects curl -o|--remote-name foo.txt https://example.com # Save response to a text file curl -H|--header "User-Agent: Foo" https://example.com # Add a custom HTTP header curl -X|--request POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d|--data '{"foo":"bar"}' https://example.com # POST JSON curl -X POST -H --data-urlencode foo="bar" http://example.com # POST URL Form Encoded wget https://example.com/file.txt . # Download a file to the current directory wget -O|--output-document foo.txt https://example.com/file.txt # Save response to a file with the specified name

ping example.com # Send multiple ping requests using the ICMP protocol ping -c 10 -i 5 example.com # Make 10 attempts, 5 seconds apart ip addr # List IP addresses on the system ip route show # Show IP addresses to router netstat -i|--interfaces # List all network interfaces and in/out usage netstat -l|--listening # List all open ports traceroute example.com # List all servers the network traffic goes through mtr -w|--report-wide example.com # Continually list all servers the network traffic goes through mtr -r|--report -w|--report-wide -c|--report-cycles 100 example.com # Output a report that lists network traffic 100 times nmap 0.0.0.0 # Scan for the 1000 most common open ports on localhost nmap 0.0.0.0 -p1-65535 # Scan for open ports on localhost between 1 and 65535 nmap 192.168.4.3 # Scan for the 1000 most common open ports on a remote IP address nmap -sP 192.168.1.1/24 # Discover all machines on the network by ping'ing them

host example.com # Show the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses dig example.com # Show complete DNS information cat /etc/resolv.conf # resolv.conf lists nameservers

lsusb # List USB devices lspci # List PCI hardware lshw # List all hardware

tmux # Start a new session (CTRL-b + d to detach) tmux ls # List all sessions tmux attach -t 0 # Reattach to a session screen # Start a new session (CTRL-a + d to detach) screen -ls # List all sessions screen -R 31166 # Reattach to a session exit # Exit a session

ssh hostname # Connect to hostname using your current user name over the default SSH port 22 ssh -i foo.pem hostname # Connect to hostname using the identity file ssh user@hostname # Connect to hostname using the user over the default SSH port 22 ssh user@hostname -p 8765 # Connect to hostname using the user over a custom port ssh ssh://user@hostname:8765 # Connect to hostname using the user over a custom port

$ cat ~/.ssh/config Host name User foo Hostname 127.0.0.1 Port 8765 $ ssh name

scp foo.txt ubuntu@hostname:/home/ubuntu # Copy foo.txt into the specified remote directory

# Always run ls after cd function cd { builtin cd "$@" && ls } # Prompt user before overwriting any files alias cp='cp --interactive' alias mv='mv --interactive' alias rm='rm --interactive' # Always show disk usage in a human readable format alias df='df -h' alias du='du -h'

#!/bin/bash foo=123 # Initialize variable foo with 123 declare -i foo=123 # Initialize an integer foo with 123 declare -r foo=123 # Initialize readonly variable foo with 123 echo $foo # Print variable foo echo ${foo}_'bar' # Print variable foo followed by _bar echo ${foo:-'default'} # Print variable foo if it exists otherwise print default export foo # Make foo available to child processes unset foo # Make foo unavailable to child processes

#!/bin/bash env # List all environment variables echo $PATH # Print PATH environment variable export FOO=Bar # Set an environment variable

#!/bin/bash greet() { local world="World" echo "$1 $world" return "$1 $world" } greet "Hello" greeting=$(greet "Hello")

#!/bin/bash exit 0 # Exit the script successfully exit 1 # Exit the script unsuccessfully echo $? # Print the last exit code

#!/bin/bash if [[ $foo = 'bar' ]]; then echo 'one' elif [[ $foo = 'bar' ]] || [[ $foo = 'baz' ]]; then echo 'two' elif [[ $foo = 'ban' ]] && [[ $USER = 'bat' ]]; then echo 'three' else echo 'four' fi

#!/bin/bash [[ $USER = 'rehan' ]] && echo 'yes' || echo 'no'

#!/bin/bash declare -i counter counter=10 while [[ $counter -gt 2 ]]; do echo The counter is $counter counter=counter-1 done

#!/bin/bash for i in {0..10..2} do echo "Index: $i" done for filename in file1 file2 file3 do echo "Content: " >> $filename done for filename in *; do echo "Content: " >> $filename done

#!/bin/bash echo "What's the weather like tomorrow?" read weather case $weather in sunny | warm ) echo "Nice weather: " $weather ;; cloudy | cool ) echo "Not bad weather: " $weather ;; rainy | cold ) echo "Terrible weather: " $weather ;; * ) echo "Don't understand" ;; esac

#!/bin/bash disk_usage=$(df -h | grep '/dev/sda1') echo "Disk Usage Information:" echo "$disk_usage"

#!/bin/bash cpu_usage=$(top -bn1 | grep "Cpu(s)" | sed "s/.*, *\([0-9.]*\)%* id.*/\1/" | awk '{print 100 - $1"%"}') echo "CPU Usage: $cpu_usage"

#!/bin/bash echo "System Information:" echo "Hostname: $(hostname)" echo "Operating System: $(uname -s)" echo "Kernel Version: $(uname -r)" echo "CPU Architecture: $(uname -m)" echo "Total Memory: $(free -h | awk '/Mem/{print $2}')" echo "Available Memory: $(free -h | awk '/Mem/{print $7}')" echo "Uptime: $(uptime -p)"

#!/bin/bash backup_dir="/path/to/backup" source_dir="/path/to/source" timestamp=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S) backup_file="backup_$timestamp.tar.gz" echo "Creating backup..." tar -czf "$backup_dir/$backup_file" "$source_dir" echo "Backup created: $backup_file"

#!/bin/bash ping_result=$(ping -c 4 google.com) if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then echo "Network is reachable." else echo "Network is unreachable." fi

#!/bin/bash available_memory=$(free -h | awk '/Mem/{print $7}') echo "Available Memory: $available_memory"

#!/bin/bash directory="/path/to/directory" disk_usage=$(du -sh "$directory" 2>/dev/null | cut -f1) if [[ -z $disk_usage ]]; then echo "Directory not found or permission denied." else echo "Disk Usage of $directory: $disk_usage" fi

#!/bin/bash echo "Running Processes:" ps aux

#!/bin/bash current_datetime=$(date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") echo "Current Date and Time: $current_datetime"

#!/bin/bash password=$(openssl rand -base64 12) echo "Generated Password: $password"

#!/bin/bash load_average=$(cat /proc/loadavg | awk '{print $1, $2, $3}') echo "System Load Average: $load_average"

#!/bin/bash echo "Network Traffic:" netstat -i

#!/bin/bash file_to_search="filename" echo "Searching for $file_to_search..." find / -name "$file_to_search" 2>/dev/null

#!/bin/bash echo "System Users:" cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd

#!/bin/bash uptime=$(uptime) echo "System Uptime: $uptime"

cmd1|cmd2 # Pipe; takes standard output of cmd1 as standard input to cmd2 < file # Takes standard input from file > file # Directs standard output to file >> file # Directs standard output to file; append to file if it already exists >|file # Forces standard output to file even if noclobber is set n>|file # Forces output to file from file descriptor n even if noclobber is set <> file # Uses file as both standard input and standard output n<>file # Uses file as both input and output for file descriptor n n>file # Directs file descriptor n to file n<file # Takes file descriptor n from file n>>file # Directs file description n to file; append to file if it already exists n>& # Duplicates standard output to file descriptor n n<& # Duplicates standard input from file descriptor n n>&m # File descriptor n is made to be a copy of the output file descriptor n<&m # File descriptor n is made to be a copy of the input file descriptor &>file # Directs standard output and standard error to file <&- # Closes the standard input >&- # Closes the standard output n>&- # Closes the output from file descriptor n n<&- # Closes the input from file descriptor n |tee <file># Output command to both terminal and a file (-a to append to file)

command # Removes alias and function lookup. Only built-ins and commands found in the search path are executed builtin # Looks up only built-in commands, ignoring functions and commands found in PATH enable # Enables and disables shell built-ins eval # Takes arguments and runs them through the command-line processing steps all over again trap # Sets up signal handling for the shell, allowing you to execute commands when signals are received

# Check for syntax errors without executing commands bash -n scriptname set -o noexec # Alternative (set option in script) # Echo commands before running them bash -v scriptname set -o verbose # Alternative (set option in script) # Echo commands after command-line processing bash -x scriptname set -o xtrace # Alternative (set option in script) # Print out the values of variables at script exit trap 'echo $varname' EXIT function errtrap { es=$? echo "ERROR line $1: Command exited with status $es." } # Run whenever a command exits with non-zero status trap 'errtrap $LINENO' ERR function dbgtrap { echo "badvar is $badvar" } # Execute before every statement in a function or script trap dbgtrap DEBUG # Turn off the DEBUG trap after the problematic section trap - DEBUG function returntrap { echo "A return occurred" } # Execute each time a shell function or a script finishes executing trap returntrap RETURN

# Note: \e or \x1B also work instead of \033 # Reset Color_Off='\033[0m' # Text Reset # Regular Colors Black='\033[0;30m' # Black Red='\033[0;31m' # Red Green='\033[0;32m' # Green Yellow='\033[0;33m' # Yellow Blue='\033[0;34m' # Blue Purple='\033[0;35m' # Purple Cyan='\033[0;36m' # Cyan White='\033[0;97m' # White # Additional colors LGrey='\033[0;37m' # Light Gray DGrey='\033[0;90m' # Dark Gray LRed='\033[0;91m' # Light Red LGreen='\033[0;92m' # Light Green LYellow='\033[0;93m'# Light Yellow LBlue='\033[0;94m' # Light Blue LPurple='\033[0;95m'# Light Purple LCyan='\033[0;96m' # Light Cyan # Bold BBlack='\033[1;30m' # Black BRed='\033[1;31m' # Red BGreen='\033[1;32m' # Green BYellow='\033[1;33m'# Yellow BBlue='\033[1;34m' # Blue BPurple='\033[1;35m'# Purple BCyan='\033[1;36m' # Cyan BWhite='\033[1;37m' # White # Underline UBlack='\033[4;30m' # Black URed='\033[4;31m' # Red UGreen='\033[4;32m' # Green UYellow='\033[4;33m'# Yellow UBlue='\033[4;34m' # Blue UPurple='\033[4;35m'# Purple UCyan='\033[4;36m' # Cyan UWhite='\033[4;37m' # White # Background On_Black='\033[40m' # Black On_Red='\033[41m' # Red On_Green='\033[42m' # Green On_Yellow='\033[43m'# Yellow On_Blue='\033[44m' # Blue On_Purple='\033[45m'# Purple On_Cyan='\033[46m' # Cyan On_White='\033[47m' # White # Example of usage echo -e "${Green}This is GREEN text${Color_Off} and normal text" echo -e "${Red}${On_White}This is Red text on White background${Color_Off}" # Option -e is mandatory, it enables interpretation of backslash escapes printf "${Red} This is red \n"

# Set an alias cd; nano .bash_profile > alias gentlenode='ssh admin@gentlenode.com -p 3404' # Add your alias in .bash_profile # To quickly go to a specific directory cd; nano .bashrc > shopt -s cdable_vars > export websites="/Users/mac/Documents/websites" source .bashrc cd $websites # Shortcut for going back to the previous directory cd - # Quickly create a new directory and navigate into it mkcd() { mkdir -p "$@" && cd "$1"; } # Easily extract compressed files extract() { if [ -f "$1" ] ; then case $1 in *.tar.bz2) tar xvjf "$1" ;; *.tar.gz) tar xvzf "$1" ;; *.tar.xz) tar xvJf "$1" ;; *.bz2) bunzip2 "$1" ;; *.rar) unrar x "$1" ;; *.gz) gunzip "$1" ;; *.tar) tar xvf "$1" ;; *.tbz2) tar xvjf "$1" ;; *.tgz) tar xvzf "$1" ;; *.zip) unzip "$1" ;; *.Z) uncompress "$1" ;; *.7z) 7z x "$1" ;; *) echo "'$1' cannot be extracted" ;; esac else echo "'$1' is not a valid file" fi } # Generate a random string random_string() { head /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c ${1:-32} } # Quick search for a command in the history histgrep() { history | grep "$@" } # Display a progress bar while running a command progressbar() { local duration="${1}" local cols=$(tput cols) local fillchar="█" local progresschar="▌" local blankchar="░" local progress="" local percentage="" local elapsed="0" while [ "${elapsed}" -lt "${duration}" ]; do percentage=$(( elapsed * 100 / duration )) progress=$(( cols * percentage / 100 )) printf "\r${fillchar}%-${progress}s${blankchar}%-$(( cols - progress ))s ${percentage}%%" | tr ' ' "${progresschar}" sleep 1 (( elapsed++ )) done printf "\n" } # Show disk usage for current directory sorted by size duh() { du -h --max-depth=1 | sort -hr } # Find a file with a pattern in the current directory and its subdirectories findf() { find . -type f -iname "*$1*" } # Print the last few lines of a file tailn() { tail -n "${1:-10}" } # Open the current directory in a file explorer opendir() { if command -v xdg-open >/dev/null 2>&1; then xdg-open . elif command -v open >/dev/null 2>&1; then open . elif command -v explorer >/dev/null 2>&1; then explorer . else echo "Could not detect a supported file explorer." fi } # Count the number of lines in a file linecount() { wc -l < "$1" } # Convert Markdown files to HTML using pandoc md2html() { if [ $# -eq 0 ]; then echo "Usage: md2html <input_file.md> [output_file.html]" return 1 fi input_file="$1" output_file="${2:-${input_file%.md}.html}" pandoc -s -o "$output_file" "$input_file" echo "HTML file generated: $output_file" } # Quickly access frequently used directories with bookmarks bookmark() { case $1 in add) if [ $# -eq 2 ]; then echo "alias $2='cd $(pwd)'" >> ~/.bashrc source ~/.bashrc echo "Bookmark added for $(pwd)" else echo "Usage: bookmark add <alias>" fi ;; remove) if [ $# -eq 2 ]; then sed -i "/alias $2=/d" ~/.bashrc unalias "$2" source ~/.bashrc echo "Bookmark removed: $2" else echo "Usage: bookmark remove <alias>" fi ;; list) grep "alias " ~/.bashrc | grep -oP "(?<=alias ).*(?=')" ;; *) echo "Usage: bookmark [add|remove|list]" ;; esac } # Quickly convert images to a different format convert_image() { if [ $# -lt 2 ]; then echo "Usage: convert_image <input_file> <output_format>" return 1 fi input_file="$1" output_format="$2" output_file="${input_file%.*}.$output_format" convert "$input_file" "$output_file" echo "Image converted to $output_format: $output_file" }

#!/bin/bash # Movement Shortcuts CTRL+A # Move to the beginning of the line CTRL+B # Move backward one character CTRL+E # Move to the end of the line CTRL+F # Move forward one character ALT+B # Move backward one word ALT+F # Move forward one word # Deletion Shortcuts CTRL+D # Delete one character backward or log out of the current session CTRL+H # Delete one character under the cursor (same as DELETE) CTRL+K # Delete forward to the end of the line CTRL+W # Delete the word behind the cursor ALT+D # Delete the next word ALT+H # Delete one character backward # Line Editing Shortcuts CTRL+C # Halt the current command CTRL+G # Abort the current editing command and ring the terminal bell CTRL+L # Clear the screen and redisplay the line CTRL+M # Same as RETURN CTRL+J # Same as RETURN CTRL+N # Move to the next line in command history CTRL+P # Move to the previous line in command history CTRL+Q # Resume suspended shell output CTRL+R # Search backward CTRL+S # Search forward or suspend shell output CTRL+T # Transpose two characters CTRL+U # Kill backward from the point to the beginning of the line CTRL+V # Make the next character typed verbatim CTRL+Y # Retrieve (yank) the last item killed CTRL+Z # Stop the current command, resume with fg in the foreground or bg in the background # Word Editing Shortcuts ALT+T # Transpose two words ALT+U # Capitalize every character from the current cursor position to the end of the word ALT+L # Uncapitalize every character from the current cursor position to the end of the word ALT+C # Capitalize the letter under the cursor ALT+R # Revert any changes to a command pulled from history ALT+? # List possible completions for what is typed ALT+^ # Expand line to the most recent match from history # Other Shortcuts CTRL+X then ( # Start recording a keyboard macro CTRL+X then ) # Finish recording keyboard macro CTRL+X then E # Invoke text editor specified by $EDITOR on current command line then execute results as shell commands CTRL+A then D # Logout from screen but don't kill it, if any command exists, it will continue # Character Deletion Shortcuts BACKSPACE # Delete one character backward DELETE # Delete one character under the cursor