I am trying to generate a honeycomb structure. With the help of this MMA.SE question & this website, I got
hexgon = Polygon[ N@Transpose[Through[{Re, Im}[Exp[2 Pi I Range[6]/6]]]]]; points[x_, y_] := Flatten[Table[{{3 m, Sqrt[3] n}, {3 m + 3/2, Sqrt[3] n + Sqrt[3]/2}}, {m, 0, x}, {n, 0, y}], 2]; Graphics[Translate[ Rotate[{RGBColor[RandomReal[], RandomReal[], RandomReal[]], hexgon}, \[Pi]/6], ({#[[2]], #[[1]]} &) /@ points[1, 4]]] 
How do I fill every hexagon with different color?
Translate can translate a single graphics primitive by certain offsets, but it's not really "moving" anything. Rather it creates a copy and puts it on the specified location. If you give it several locations it will create several copies. RGBColor[RandomReal[],RandomReal[],RandomReal[]] will only be called once because each is a copy of the other. But if you execute Translate once for each location, you get a new "object" every time. So all I had to do was move the /@ points[1,4] outside of Translate.
hexgon = Polygon[ N@Transpose[Through[{Re, Im}[Exp[2 Pi I Range[6]/6]]]]]; points[x_, y_] := Flatten[Table[{{3 m, Sqrt[3] n}, {3 m + 3/2, Sqrt[3] n + Sqrt[3]/2}}, {m, 0, x}, {n, 0, y}], 2]; Graphics[ Translate[ Rotate[{RGBColor[RandomReal[], RandomReal[], RandomReal[]], hexgon}, \[Pi]/6], ({#[[2]], #[[1]]}) ] & /@ points[1, 4] ] 
