GUI component interaction

Almost every application needs to communicate with the user in some way. Therefore, a substantial part of the code deals with the interaction of program logic with GUI components.

Typically, the following is needed:

put values into input fields under program control
read and check input from the user
pop up dialogs to query the user for further information

Task

For a minimal "application", write a program that presents a form with three components to the user:

a numeric input field ("Value")
a button ("increment")
a button ("random")

The field is initialized to zero.

The user may manually enter a new value into the field, or increment its value with the "increment" button.

Entering a non-numeric value should be either impossible, or issue an error message.

Pressing the "random" button presents a confirmation dialog, and resets the field's value to a random value if the answer is "Yes".

(This task may be regarded as an extension of the task Simple windowed application).

1C

&НаСервере Процедура ДобавитьЭлементы()	КЧ = Новый КвалификаторыЧисла(12,2);	Массив = Новый Массив;	Массив.Добавить(Тип("Число"));	ОписаниеТиповЧ = Новый ОписаниеТипов(Массив, , ,КЧ);	НовыйРеквизит = Новый РеквизитФормы("ВводимоеЧисло", Новый ОписаниеТипов(Массив, , ,КЧ));;	МассивР = Новый Массив;	МассивР.Добавить(НовыйРеквизит);	ИзменитьРеквизиты(МассивР);	ПолеВвода = Элементы.Добавить("ПолеВвода", Тип("ПолеФормы"));	ПолеВвода.ПутьКДанным = "ВводимоеЧисло";	ПолеВвода.вид = ВидПоляФормы.ПолеВвода;	КомандаИнкримент = Команды.Добавить("Инкримент");	КомандаРандом = КОманды.Добавить("Рандом");	КнопкаИнкримент = Элементы.Добавить("КнопкаИнкримент", Тип("КнопкаФормы"));	КнопкаИнкримент.ИмяКоманды = "Инкримент";	КнопкаРандом = Элементы.Добавить("КнопкаРандом", Тип("КнопкаФормы"));	КнопкаРандом.ИмяКоманды = "Рандом";	КомандаИнкримент.Действие = "Инкримент";	КомандаРандом.Действие = "Рандом"; КонецПроцедуры &НаКлиенте Процедура Инкримент(Команда)	ЭтотОбъект.ВводимоеЧисло = ЭтотОбъект.ВводимоеЧисло + 1; КонецПроцедуры &НаКлиенте Процедура Рандом(Команда)	ОписаниеОповещения = Новый ОписаниеОповещения("РандомПослеВыбора", ЭтотОбъект);	ПоказатьВопрос(ОписаниеОповещения, "Установить случайное число?", РежимДиалогаВопрос.ДаНет); КонецПроцедуры &НаКлиенте Процедура РандомПослеВыбора(РезультатВопроса, ДополнительныеПараметры) Экспорт	Если РезультатВопроса = КодВозвратаДиалога.Да Тогда	ГСЧ = Новый ГенераторСлучайныхЧисел();	ЭтотОбъект.ВводимоеЧисло = ГСЧ.СлучайноеЧисло(0, 999999);	КонецЕсли; КонецПроцедуры

Ada

Library: GtkAda

interaction.adb:

with Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random; with Ada.Strings.Fixed; with Gtk.Main; with Gtk.Handlers; with Gtk.Button; with Gtk.Window; with Gtk.GEntry; with Gtk.Editable; with Gtk.Box; with Gtk.Widget; with Glib.Values; with Gtkada.Dialogs; procedure Interaction is The_Value : Natural := 0; package Natural_Random is new Ada.Numerics.Discrete_Random (Natural); RNG : Natural_Random.Generator; Main_Window : Gtk.Window.Gtk_Window; Content : Gtk.Box.Gtk_Vbox; Increment_Button : Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button; Random_Button : Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button; Entry_Field : Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_Entry; package Entry_Callbacks is new Gtk.Handlers.Callback (Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_Entry_Record); package Button_Callbacks is new Gtk.Handlers.Callback (Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button_Record); package Window_Callbacks is new Gtk.Handlers.Return_Callback (Gtk.Window.Gtk_Window_Record, Boolean); -- update displayed text procedure Update_Entry is begin Gtk.GEntry.Set_Text (The_Entry => Entry_Field, Text => Ada.Strings.Fixed.Trim (Source => Natural'Image (The_Value), Side => Ada.Strings.Both)); end Update_Entry; -- read from text entry procedure Update_Value is begin The_Value := Natural'Value (Gtk.GEntry.Get_Text (Entry_Field)); exception when Constraint_Error => The_Value := 0; end Update_Value; -- make sure that only numbers are entered procedure On_Insert_Text (Object : access Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_Entry_Record'Class; Params : Glib.Values.GValues) is Length : constant Glib.Gint := Glib.Values.Get_Int (Glib.Values.Nth (Params, 2)); Text : constant String := Glib.Values.Get_String (Glib.Values.Nth (Params, 1), Length); begin declare Number : Natural; begin Number := Natural'Value (Text); exception when Constraint_Error => -- refuse values that are not parsable Gtk.Handlers.Emit_Stop_By_Name (Object => Object, Name => Gtk.Editable.Signal_Insert_Text); end; end On_Insert_Text; -- Callback for click event procedure On_Increment_Click (Object : access Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button_Record'Class) is begin Update_Value; The_Value := The_Value + 1; Update_Entry; end On_Increment_Click; -- Callback for click event procedure On_Random_Click (Object : access Gtk.Button.Gtk_Button_Record'Class) is use type Gtkada.Dialogs.Message_Dialog_Buttons; begin if Gtkada.Dialogs.Message_Dialog (Msg => "Really reset to random value?", Dialog_Type => Gtkada.Dialogs.Confirmation, Buttons => Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_Yes or Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_No, Default_Button => Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_Yes) = Gtkada.Dialogs.Button_Yes then The_Value := Natural_Random.Random (RNG); Update_Entry; end if; end On_Random_Click; -- Callback for delete event function On_Main_Window_Delete (Object : access Gtk.Window.Gtk_Window_Record'Class) return Boolean is begin Gtk.Main.Main_Quit; return True; end On_Main_Window_Delete; begin -- initialize random number generator Natural_Random.Reset (RNG); Gtk.Main.Init; Gtk.GEntry.Gtk_New (Widget => Entry_Field); Update_Entry; Entry_Callbacks.Connect (Widget => Entry_Field, Name => Gtk.Editable.Signal_Insert_Text, Cb => On_Insert_Text'Access); Gtk.Button.Gtk_New (Button => Increment_Button, Label => "Increment"); Gtk.Button.Gtk_New (Button => Random_Button, Label => "Random"); Button_Callbacks.Connect (Widget => Increment_Button, Name => Gtk.Button.Signal_Clicked, Marsh => Button_Callbacks.To_Marshaller (On_Increment_Click'Access)); Button_Callbacks.Connect (Widget => Random_Button, Name => Gtk.Button.Signal_Clicked, Marsh => Button_Callbacks.To_Marshaller (On_Random_Click'Access)); Gtk.Box.Gtk_New_Vbox (Box => Content); Gtk.Box.Add (Container => Content, Widget => Entry_Field); Gtk.Box.Add (Container => Content, Widget => Increment_Button); Gtk.Box.Add (Container => Content, Widget => Random_Button); Gtk.Window.Gtk_New (Window => Main_Window); Gtk.Window.Add (Container => Main_Window, Widget => Content); Window_Callbacks.Connect (Widget => Main_Window, Name => Gtk.Widget.Signal_Delete_Event, Cb => On_Main_Window_Delete'Access); Gtk.Window.Show_All (Widget => Main_Window); Gtk.Main.Main; end Interaction;

AutoHotkey

GUI, add, Edit,Number w50 vUserInput gMakeSure, 0  ; Number Specifies Numbers-only, but other characters can still be pasted in,  ; Making our own check necessary. (MakeSure) GUI, add, Button, gIncrement, Increment	 ; Instead of an increment button, the UpDown control could be used, but this was not specified. GUI, add, Button, gRando, Random Gui, Show, W200 y200, Title ; Shows the GUI with a width and height of 200px return	 ; End Auto-Execute Section Increment: Gui, Submit, NoHide ; The above line assigns all variables associated with controls to the state of that control, but leaves the GUI visible. If UserInput is not Number { MsgBox, %userInput% is not a number. GUIControl,,UserInput, 0 ; Reset the Edit control to 0 } Else { UserInput++ GUIControl,, UserInput, %UserInput% ; Sets the value of the Edit control } return Rando: MsgBox, 4, Title, Are you sure you want to randomize? ; Specify your own title. 4 means YesNo IfMsgBox, Yes { Random, UserInput, 1, 999  ; random number from 1-999 GUIControl,, UserInput, %UserInput%  ; Sets the value of the Edit control } return MakeSure: Gui, Submit, NoHide If UserInput is not Number { If (UserInput<>"") { Msgbox Error! Numbers Only! GUIControl,, UserInput, 0 } } return GUIClose: ExitApp  ; Makes sure the script exits when the window is closed,  ; Otherwise the script is persistent because it contains  ; a timer.

C

Works with: C (with Win32 API)

file main.c

#include <windows.h> #include "resource.h" BOOL CALLBACK DlgProc( HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wPar, LPARAM lPar ) {  switch( msg ) {  case WM_INITDIALOG:  srand( GetTickCount() );  SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, 0, FALSE );  break;  case WM_COMMAND:  switch( LOWORD(wPar) ) {  case IDC_INCREMENT: {  UINT n = GetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, NULL, FALSE );  SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, ++n, FALSE );  } break;  case IDC_RANDOM: {  int reply = MessageBox( hwnd,  "Do you really want to\nget a random number?",  "Random input confirmation", MB_ICONQUESTION|MB_YESNO );  if( reply == IDYES )  SetDlgItemInt( hwnd, IDC_INPUT, rand(), FALSE );  } break;  case IDC_QUIT:  SendMessage( hwnd, WM_CLOSE, 0, 0 );  break;  default: ;  }  break;  case WM_CLOSE: {  int reply = MessageBox( hwnd,  "Do you really want to quit?",  "Quit confirmation", MB_ICONQUESTION|MB_YESNO );  if( reply == IDYES )  EndDialog( hwnd, 0 );  } break;  default: ;  }  return 0; } int WINAPI WinMain( HINSTANCE hInst, HINSTANCE hPInst, LPSTR cmdLn, int show ) {  return DialogBox( hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DLG), NULL, DlgProc ); }

file resource.h

#define IDD_DLG 101 #define IDC_INPUT 1001 #define IDC_INCREMENT 1002 #define IDC_RANDOM 1003 #define IDC_QUIT 1004

file resource.rc

#include <windows.h> #include "resource.h" LANGUAGE LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_NEUTRAL IDD_DLG DIALOG 0, 0, 154, 46 STYLE DS_3DLOOK | DS_CENTER | DS_MODALFRAME | DS_SHELLFONT | WS_CAPTION | WS_VISIBLE | WS_POPUP | WS_SYSMENU CAPTION "GUI Component Interaction" FONT 12, "Ms Shell Dlg" {  EDITTEXT IDC_INPUT, 7, 7, 140, 12, ES_AUTOHSCROLL | ES_NUMBER  PUSHBUTTON "Increment", IDC_INCREMENT, 7, 25, 50, 14  PUSHBUTTON "Random", IDC_RANDOM, 62, 25, 50, 14  PUSHBUTTON "Quit", IDC_QUIT, 117, 25, 30, 14 }

C++

with library Qt 4.4 , using (under Linux) first qmake -project and then qmake -o Makefile <projectfile>, then make

file interaction.h

#ifndef INTERACTION_H #define INTERACTION_H #include <QWidget> class QPushButton ; class QLineEdit ; class QVBoxLayout ; class MyWidget : public QWidget {  Q_OBJECT  public :  MyWidget( QWidget *parent = 0 ) ; private :  QLineEdit *entryField ;  QPushButton *increaseButton ;  QPushButton *randomButton ;  QVBoxLayout *myLayout ; private slots :  void doIncrement( ) ;  void findRandomNumber( ) ; } ; #endif

file interaction.cpp

#include <QPushButton> #include <QLineEdit> #include <QMessageBox> #include <QString> #include <QRegExpValidator> #include <QVBoxLayout> #include <QRegExp> #include <ctime> //for the srand initialization #include <cstdlib> //for the random number #include "interaction.h"  MyWidget::MyWidget (QWidget *parent ) : QWidget( parent ) {  myLayout = new QVBoxLayout( ) ;  entryField = new QLineEdit( "0" ) ;  QRegExp rx( "\\d+" ) ;  QValidator *myvalidator = new QRegExpValidator( rx , this ) ;  entryField->setValidator( myvalidator ) ;  increaseButton = new QPushButton( "increase" ) ;  connect( increaseButton, SIGNAL( clicked( ) ) ,  this , SLOT( doIncrement( ) )) ;  randomButton = new QPushButton( "random" ) ;  connect( randomButton , SIGNAL( clicked( ) ) ,  this , SLOT ( findRandomNumber( ) )) ;  myLayout->addWidget( entryField ) ;  myLayout->addWidget( increaseButton ) ;  myLayout->addWidget( randomButton ) ;  setLayout( myLayout ) ; } void MyWidget::doIncrement( ) {  bool ok ;  int zahl = entryField->text( ).toInt( &ok, 10 ) ;  entryField->setText( QString( "%1").arg( ++zahl ) ) ; } void MyWidget::findRandomNumber( ) {  QMessageBox msgBox( this ) ;  msgBox.setText( "Do you want to create a random number ?" ) ;  msgBox.setStandardButtons( QMessageBox::Yes | QMessageBox::No ) ;  int ret = msgBox.exec( ) ;  switch ( ret ) {  case QMessageBox::Yes :  srand( time( 0 ) ) ;  int zahl = random( ) ;  entryField->setText( QString( "%1" ).arg( zahl )) ;  break ;  } }

file main.cpp

#include <QApplication> #include "interaction.h" int main( int argc , char *argv[ ] ) {  QApplication app( argc, argv ) ;  MyWidget theWidget ;  theWidget.show( ) ;  return app.exec( ) ; }

C++11

with library Qt 5.4, using (under Linux) first run qmake -project, add CONFIG+=c++11 and QT+=widgets to the resulting .pro file, and then run make.

main.cpp

#include <QApplication> #include <QWidget> #include <QVBoxLayout> #include <QPushButton> #include <QLineEdit> #include <QIntValidator> #include <QMessageBox> #include <QTime> int main(int argc, char **argv) {  qsrand(QTime::currentTime().msec());  QApplication app(argc, argv);  auto *edit = new QLineEdit("0");  edit->setValidator(new QIntValidator());  auto *incButton = new QPushButton("&Increment");  QObject::connect(incButton, &QPushButton::clicked,   [edit]() { edit->setText( QString::number(edit->text().toInt() + 1)); } );  auto *rndButton = new QPushButton("&Random");  QObject::connect(rndButton, &QPushButton::clicked,   [edit]() {   auto result = QMessageBox(  QMessageBox::Warning,  "Random",  "Overwrite current value with a random number ?",  QMessageBox::Ok | QMessageBox::Cancel  ).exec();  if (result == QMessageBox::Ok)  edit->setText( QString::number(qrand()));   } );  auto *vbox = new QVBoxLayout;  vbox->addWidget(edit);  vbox->addWidget(incButton);  vbox->addWidget(rndButton);  QWidget mainWindow;  mainWindow.setLayout(vbox);  mainWindow.show();  return app.exec(); }

C_sharp

C# 3.0 with Windows Forms; compile as csc -t:winexe Program.cs on MS.NET or as gmcs -t:winexe Program.cs on Mono.

using System;  using System.ComponentModel;  using System.Windows.Forms;  class RosettaInteractionForm : Form {   // Model used for DataBinding.  // Notifies bound controls about Value changes.  class NumberModel: INotifyPropertyChanged  {  Random rnd = new Random();  // initialize event with empty delegate to avoid checks on null  public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged = delegate {};  int _value;  public int Value  {  get { return _value; }  set   {   _value = value;  // Notify bound control about value change  PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Value"));  }  }  public void ResetToRandom(){  Value = rnd.Next(5000);  }  }  NumberModel model = new NumberModel{ Value = 0};    RosettaInteractionForm()   {  //MaskedTextBox is a TextBox variety with built-in input validation  var tbNumber = new MaskedTextBox  {   Mask="0000", // allow 4 decimal digits only  ResetOnSpace = false, // don't enter spaces  Dock = DockStyle.Top // place at the top of form  };  // bound TextBox.Text to NumberModel.Value;  tbNumber.DataBindings.Add("Text", model, "Value");  var btIncrement = new Button{Text = "Increment", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom};  btIncrement.Click += delegate  {  model.Value++;  };  var btDecrement = new Button{Text = "Decrement", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom};  btDecrement.Click += delegate  {  model.Value--;  };  var btRandom = new Button{ Text="Reset to Random", Dock = DockStyle.Bottom };  btRandom.Click += delegate  {  if (MessageBox.Show("Are you sure?", "Are you sure?", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) == DialogResult.Yes)  model.ResetToRandom();  };  Controls.Add(tbNumber);  Controls.Add(btIncrement);  Controls.Add(btDecrement);  Controls.Add(btRandom);  }  static void Main()  {  Application.Run(new RosettaInteractionForm());  } }

Common Lisp

Library: LTK

;; Using the LTK library... (defun gui-test ()  "the main window for the input test"  (ltk:with-ltk ()  (ltk:wm-title ltk:*tk* "GUI Test")  (ltk:bind ltk:*tk* "<Alt-q>" (lambda (evt)  (declare (ignore evt))  (setf ltk:*exit-mainloop* t)))  (let* (;; Initializing random generator  (*random-state* (make-random-state t))  ;; Creating widgets  (the-input (make-instance 'ltk:entry  :text "0"  :validate :key))  (f (make-instance 'ltk:frame))  (btn1 (make-instance 'ltk:button :text "random" :master f))  (btn2 (make-instance 'ltk:button :text "increment" :master f)))  ;; Associating actions with widgets  (ltk:bind btn1 "<Button-1>" (lambda (evt)  (declare (ignore evt))  (when (ltk:ask-yesno "Really reset to random?" :title "Question")  (setf (ltk:text the-input) (write-to-string (random 10000))))))  (ltk:bind btn2 "<Button-1>" (lambda (evt)  (declare (ignore evt))  (setf (ltk:text the-input) (write-to-string (1+ (parse-integer (ltk:text the-input)))))))  (ltk:format-wish "~A configure -validatecommand {string is int %P}"  (ltk:widget-path the-input))  (ltk:focus the-input)  ;; Placing widgets on the window  (ltk:pack the-input :side :top)  (ltk:pack f :side :bottom)  (ltk:pack btn1 :side :left)  (ltk:pack btn2 :side :right)))) (gui-test)

Delphi

FILE: Unit1.pas

unit Unit1; interface uses  Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,  Dialogs, StdCtrls; type  TForm1 = class(TForm)  EditInputField: TEdit;  ButtonRandom: TButton;  ButtonIncrement: TButton;  procedure EditInputFieldChange(Sender: TObject);  procedure ButtonIncrementClick(Sender: TObject);  procedure ButtonRandomClick(Sender: TObject);  private  { Private declarations }  public  { Public declarations }  end; var  Form1: TForm1; implementation {$R *.dfm} procedure TForm1.EditInputFieldChange(Sender: TObject); Var  Value: Integer; begin  if not TryStrToInt(EditInputField.Text, value) then  begin  ShowMessage('Error! The Input Value is not numeric!');  EditInputField.Text := '0';  end; end; procedure TForm1.ButtonIncrementClick(Sender: TObject); begin  EditInputField.text := IntToStr (StrToInt(EditInputField.Text) + 1); end; procedure TForm1.ButtonRandomClick(Sender: TObject); begin  Randomize;  EditInputField.Text := IntToStr(Random(High(Integer))); end; end.

FILE: Unit1.dfm (No manual interaction!!! Will automatically be generated/modified when editing the GUI)

object Form1: TForm1  Left = 1899  Top = 212  Width = 266  Height = 172  Caption = 'Form1'  Color = clBtnFace  Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET  Font.Color = clWindowText  Font.Height = -11  Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif'  Font.Style = []  OldCreateOrder = False  PixelsPerInch = 96  TextHeight = 13  object EditInputField: TEdit  Left = 16  Top = 16  Width = 121  Height = 21  TabOrder = 0  Text = '0'  OnChange = EditInputFieldChange  end  object ButtonRandom: TButton  Left = 96  Top = 56  Width = 75  Height = 25  Caption = 'Random'  TabOrder = 1  OnClick = ButtonRandomClick  end  object ButtonIncrement: TButton  Left = 16  Top = 56  Width = 75  Height = 25  Caption = 'Increment'  TabOrder = 2  OnClick = ButtonIncrementClick  end end

Echolisp

(require 'interface) ;; helper new button with text (define (ui-add-button text)  (define b (ui-create-element "button" '((type "button"))))  (ui-set-html b text)  (ui-add b)) (define (panel )  (ui-clear)  (info-text "My rosetta application" "blue") ;; input field (checked for numeric)  (define f-input (ui-create-element "input" '((type number))))  (ui-set-value f-input 0)  (ui-add f-input)  (ui-on-focus f-input (lambda(e) (info-text "")))   ;; Increment button  (define btn-inc (ui-add-button "Increment"))  (define (increment elem)  (define val (ui-get-numvalue f-input))  (if val ;; checked legal numeric  (ui-set-value f-input (1+ val))  (info-text "Need a number" "red")))  (ui-on-click btn-inc increment)  (ui-add btn-inc)   (define btn-random (ui-add-button "Random"))  (define (set-random elem)  (when (confirm "Really random?")  (ui-set-value f-input (random-prime 1000000))))  (ui-on-click btn-random set-random)  (ui-focus btn-inc)  (stdout-hide #t)  (stdin-hide #t)) ;; end panel (panel)

Elena

ELENA 6.x :

import forms; import extensions; public class MainWindow : SDIDialog { Button btmIncrement; Button btmRandom; Edit txtNumber; constructor new() <= super new() { btmIncrement := Button.new(); btmRandom  := Button.new(); txtNumber  := Edit.new(); self .appendControl(btmIncrement) .appendControl(btmRandom) .appendControl(txtNumber); self.Caption := "Rosseta Code"; self.setRegion(100, 100, 180, 140); txtNumber.setRegion(20, 7, 140, 25); txtNumber.Caption := "0"; btmIncrement.setRegion(20, 35, 140, 25); btmIncrement.Caption := "Increment"; btmIncrement.onClick := (args){ self.onButtonIncrementClick() }; btmRandom.setRegion(20, 65, 140, 25); btmRandom.Caption := "Random"; btmRandom.onClick := (args){ self.onButtonRandomClick() }; } private onButtonIncrementClick() { var number := txtNumber.Value.toInt(); number := number + 1; self.changeTextBoxValue(number) } private onButtonRandomClick() { if(messageDialog.showQuestion("Inf", "Really reset to random value?")) { self.changeTextBoxValue(randomGenerator.nextInt(99999999)) } } private changeTextBoxValue(number) { txtNumber.Caption := number.toString() } }

Euphoria

include GtkEngine.e -- see OpenEuphoria.org constant -- interface win = create(GtkWindow,"title=GUI Component Interaction;size=200x100;border=10;$destroy=Quit"), pan = create(GtkBox,"orientation=vertical;spacing=10"), inp = create(GtkEntry,"name=Input;text=0;$activate=Validate"), box = create(GtkButtonBox), btn1 = create(GtkButton,"gtk-add#_Increment","Increment"), btn2 = create(GtkButton,"gtk-help#_Random","Random") add(win,pan) add(pan,inp) add(box,{btn1,btn2}) pack(pan,-box) show_all(win) main() ----------------------------- global function Validate() -- warns about invalid entry, does not prevent it; ----------------------------- if not t_digit(trim_head(get("Input.text"),"- ")) then return Warn(win,"Validate","This is not a valid number","Try again!") end if return 1 end function --------------------------- global function Increment() --------------------------- set("Input.value",get("Input.value")+1) return 1 end function ------------------------ global function Random() ------------------------ if Question(win,"Random","Click OK for a random number",,GTK_BUTTONS_OK_CANCEL) = MB_OK then set("Input.value",rand(1000)) end if return 1 end function

F#

// GUI component interaction. Nigel Galloway: June 13th., 2020 let n=new System.Windows.Forms.Form(Size=new System.Drawing.Size(250,150)) let i=new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(Location=new System.Drawing.Point(30,30),Text="0") let g=new System.Windows.Forms.Label(Location=new System.Drawing.Point(135,33),Text="Value") let e=new System.Windows.Forms.Button(Location=new System.Drawing.Point(30,70),Text="Increment") let l=new System.Windows.Forms.Button(Location=new System.Drawing.Point(135,70),Text="Random") n.Controls.AddRange([|i;g;e;l|]) let rand=new System.Random() i.Leave.AddHandler(new System.EventHandler(fun _ _->i.Text<-try string(int(i.Text)) with |_->"0")) e.Click.AddHandler(new System.EventHandler(fun _ _->i.Text<-(string(int(i.Text)+1)))) l.Click.AddHandler(new System.EventHandler(fun _ _->i.Text<-(string(rand.Next())))) System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(n)

Fantom

using fwt using gfx class GuiComponent { public static Void main () { Window { title = "Rosetta Code: Gui component" size = Size(350, 200) textField := Text { onModify.add |Event e| { Text thisText := e.widget if (thisText.text != "") // if nonempty string { try (thisText.text.toInt) // try converting to int catch thisText.text = "" // clear field if does not work } } } GridPane { numCols = 1 textField, Button { text = "increment" onAction.add |Event e| { // make sure there is a number to increment, else set field to 0 if (textField.text == "") { textField.text = "0" } else { try { Int x := textField.text.toInt textField.text = (x+1).toStr } catch { textField.text = "0" } } } }, Button { text = "random" onAction.add |Event e| { if (Dialog.openQuestion(e.window, "Make number random?", null, Dialog.yesNo) == Dialog.yes) { textField.text = Int.random(1..10000).toStr } } }, }, }.open } }

FreeBASIC

#Include "windows.bi" Dim As HWND Window_Main, Edit_Number, Button_Inc, Button_Rnd Dim As MSG msg Dim As Integer n Dim As String text 'Create a window with an input field and two buttons: Window_Main = CreateWindow("#32770", "GUI Component Interaction", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW Or WS_VISIBLE, 100, 100, 250, 200, 0, 0, 0, 0) Var Static_Number = CreateWindow("STATIC", "Value:", WS_VISIBLE Or WS_CHILD, 10, 10, 100, 20, Window_Main, 0, 0, 0) Edit_Number = CreateWindow("EDIT", "0", WS_BORDER Or WS_VISIBLE Or WS_CHILD Or ES_AUTOHSCROLL Or ES_Number, 110, 10, 100, 20, Window_Main, 0, 0, 0) Button_Inc = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "Increment", WS_VISIBLE Or WS_CHILD, 110, 40, 100, 20, Window_Main, 0, 0, 0) Button_Rnd = CreateWindow("BUTTON", "Random", WS_VISIBLE Or WS_CHILD, 110, 70, 100, 20, Window_Main, 0, 0, 0)  'Windows message loop: While GetMessage(@msg, Window_Main, 0, 0)  TranslateMessage(@msg)  DispatchMessage(@msg)  Select Case msg.hwnd  Case Button_Inc  If msg.message = WM_LBUTTONDOWN Then 'Increment value: text = Space(GetWindowTextLength(Edit_Number) + 1) 'Buffer for the text GetWindowText(Edit_Number, text, Len(text)) n = Val(text) SetWindowText(Edit_Number, Str(n + 1))  End If  Case Button_Rnd  If msg.message = WM_LBUTTONDOWN THEN 'Random value (max. 100000): If MessageBox(0, "Set input field to random value?", "Please confirm", MB_ICONQUESTION Or MB_YESNO) = IDYES Then  n = 100000 * RND  SetWindowText(Edit_Number, Str(n)) End If  End If  Case Window_Main  If msg.message = WM_COMMAND Then End  End Select Wend End

FuncSug

var numberInput := displayNewElementIn('', 'body', 'input', false) numberInput.value := 0 var incButton := displayNewElementIn('Increment', 'body', 'button', false) var rndButton := displayNewElementIn('Random', 'body', 'button', false) parallel: while true: awaitDomeventBeep('change', numberInput) if not (0+1*numberInput.value = 0+1*numberInput.value): displayNewMessage('Invalid input !') while true: awaitClickBeep(incButton) numberInput.value := 1*numberInput.value + 1 while true: awaitClickBeep(rndButton) var msg := displayNewMessage('Are you sure?<button id="yes">Yes</button><button id="no">No</button>') parallel(select 1) || ||========= awaitClickBeep('#yes') ...-------- numberInput.value := randomIntBetween(0, 5000) ||========= awaitClickBeep('#no') ...-------- displayNewMessage('No problem!') removeElt(msg)

Gambas

hValueBox As ValueBox 'We need a ValueBox Public Sub Form_Open() Dim hButton As Button 'We need 2 Buttons With Me 'Set the Form's Properties..  .height = 95 'Set the Height  .Width = 350 'Set the Width  .Arrangement = Arrange.Vertical 'Arrange items vertically  .Padding = 5 'Border area  .Title = "GUI component interaction" 'Title displayed on the Form  End With hValueBox = New ValueBox(Me) 'Add a ValueBox to the Form With hValueBox 'Set the ValueBox's Properties..  .Expand = True 'Expand the ValueBox  .Value = 0 'Set it's value to 0 End With hButton = New Button(Me) As "ButtonInc" 'Add a Button to the form as Event "ButtonInc" With hButton 'Set the Button's Properties..  .Height = 28 'Set the Height  .Text = "&Increment" 'Add Text (The '&' adds a keyboard shortcut) End With hButton = New Button(Me) As "ButtonRand" 'Add a Button to the form as Event "ButtonRand" With hButton 'Set the Button's Properties..  .Height = 28 'Set the Height  .Text = "&Random" 'Add Text (The '&' adds a keyboard shortcut) End With End Public Sub ButtonInc_Click() 'When the 'Increment' Button is clicked.. hValueBox.Value += 1 'Increase the Value in the ValueBox by 1 End Public Sub ButtonRand_Click() 'When the 'Random' Button is clicked.. Dim siRand As Short 'To store random number Dim byAnswer As Byte 'To store the answer to the MessageBox question siRand = Rand(1, 32767) 'Create a 'Random' mnumber byAnswer = Message.Question("Would you like to set the ValueBox to " & siRand & "?", "Yes", "No") ' Ask if the number is OK If byAnswer = 1 Then 'If the user says 'Yes' then  hValueBox.Value = siRand 'Display the 'Random' number in the ValueBox Else 'ELSE  hValueBox.Value = 0 'Set the ValueBox Value to 0 End If End

Go

Library: gotk3

Translation of: Vala

package main import (  "github.com/gotk3/gotk3/gtk"  "log"  "math/rand"  "strconv"  "time" ) func validateInput(window *gtk.Window, str string) (int64, bool) {  i, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 10, 64)  if err != nil {  dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew(  window,  gtk.DIALOG_MODAL,  gtk.MESSAGE_ERROR,  gtk.BUTTONS_OK,  "Invalid value",  )  dialog.Run()  dialog.Destroy()  return 0, false  }  return i, true } func check(err error, msg string) {  if err != nil {  log.Fatal(msg, err)  } } func main() {  rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())  gtk.Init(nil)  window, err := gtk.WindowNew(gtk.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL)  check(err, "Unable to create window:")  window.SetTitle("Rosetta Code")  window.SetPosition(gtk.WIN_POS_CENTER)  window.Connect("destroy", func() {  gtk.MainQuit()  })  box, err := gtk.BoxNew(gtk.ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL, 1)  check(err, "Unable to create box:")  box.SetBorderWidth(1)  label, err := gtk.LabelNew("Value:")  check(err, "Unable to create label:")  entry, err := gtk.EntryNew()  check(err, "Unable to create entry:")  entry.SetText("0") // initialize to zero  entry.Connect("activate", func() {  // read and validate the entered value  str, _ := entry.GetText()  validateInput(window, str)  })  // button to increment  ib, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Increment")  check(err, "Unable to create increment button:")  ib.Connect("clicked", func() {  // read and validate the entered value  str, _ := entry.GetText()  if i, ok := validateInput(window, str); ok {  entry.SetText(strconv.FormatInt(i+1, 10))  }  })  // button to put in a random value if confirmed  rb, err := gtk.ButtonNewWithLabel("Random")  check(err, "Unable to create random button:")  rb.Connect("clicked", func() {  dialog := gtk.MessageDialogNew(  window,  gtk.DIALOG_MODAL,  gtk.MESSAGE_QUESTION,  gtk.BUTTONS_YES_NO,  "Set random value",  )  answer := dialog.Run()  dialog.Destroy()  if answer == gtk.RESPONSE_YES {  entry.SetText(strconv.Itoa(rand.Intn(10000)))  }  })  box.PackStart(label, false, false, 2)  box.PackStart(entry, false, false, 2)  box.PackStart(ib, false, false, 2)  box.PackStart(rb, false, false, 2)  window.Add(box)  window.ShowAll()  gtk.Main() }

Haskell

import Graphics.UI.WX import System.Random main :: IO () main = start $ do  frm <- frame [text := "Interact"]  fld <- textEntry frm [text := "0", on keyboard := checkKeys]  inc <- button frm [text := "increment", on command := increment fld]  ran <- button frm [text := "random", on command := (randReplace fld frm)]  set frm [layout := margin 5 $ floatCentre $ column 2  [centre $ widget fld, row 2 [widget inc, widget ran]]] increment :: Textual w => w -> IO () increment field = do  val <- get field text  when ((not . null) val) $ set field [text := show $ 1 + read val] checkKeys :: EventKey -> IO () checkKeys (EventKey key _ _) =  when (elem (show key) $ "Backspace" : map show [0..9]) propagateEvent randReplace :: Textual w => w -> Window a -> IO () randReplace field frame = do  answer <- confirmDialog frame "Random" "Generate a random number?" True  when answer $ getStdRandom (randomR (1,100)) >>= \num ->  set field [text := show (num :: Int)]

Icon and Unicon

This example uses the Unicon gui library, and so will not work in Icon.

import gui $include "guih.icn" # Provides a basic message dialog class MessageDialog : Dialog (message) method component_setup () label := Label ("label="||message, "pos=20,20") add (label) button := TextButton("label=OK", "pos=100,60") button.connect (self, "dispose", ACTION_EVENT) add (button) connect (self, "dispose", CLOSE_BUTTON_EVENT) attrib ("size=200,100", "bg=light gray") end initially (message) self.Dialog.initially() self.message := message end # Provides a basic yes/no question dialog class QuestionDialog : Dialog (answer, message) method answered_yes () return answer == "yes" end method answer_yes () answer := "yes" dispose () end method answer_no () answer := "no" dispose () end method component_setup () label := Label ("label="||message, "pos=20,20") add (label) buttonYes := TextButton("label=Yes", "pos=40,60") buttonYes.connect (self, "answer_yes", ACTION_EVENT) add (buttonYes) buttonNo := TextButton("label=No", "pos=120,60") buttonNo.connect (self, "answer_no", ACTION_EVENT) add (buttonNo) connect (self, "dispose", CLOSE_BUTTON_EVENT) attrib ("size=200,100", "bg=light gray") end initially (message) self.Dialog.initially() self.answer := "no" self.message := message end # The main window, displays the different components class WindowApp : Dialog (field, value) method increment () value +:= 1 field.set_contents (string(value)) end method random () query := QuestionDialog ("Set to random?") query.show_modal () if query.answered_yes () then { value := ?100 field.set_contents (string(value)) } end method handle_text_field () if not(integer(field.get_contents ())) then { warning := MessageDialog ("Not a number") warning.show_modal () field.set_contents (string(value)) } else { value := integer(field.get_contents ()) } end method component_setup () value := 0 field := TextField("contents="||value, "pos=20,20", "size=150") field.connect (self, "handle_text_field", TEXTFIELD_CHANGED_EVENT) add (field) button1 := TextButton("label=Increment", "pos=20,60", "size=70") button1.connect (self, "increment", ACTION_EVENT) add (button1) button2 := TextButton("label=Random", "pos=100,60", "size=70") button2.connect (self, "random", ACTION_EVENT) add (button2) connect (self, "dispose", CLOSE_BUTTON_EVENT) attrib ("size=200,100", "bg=light gray") end end # create and show the window procedure main () w := WindowApp () w.show_modal () end

J

Works with: J 8.x

INTERACT=: noun define pc interact; cc Value edit center; cc increment button;cn "Increment"; cc random button;cn "Random"; pas 6 6;pcenter; )   interact_run=: verb define  wd INTERACT  wd 'set Value text 0;'  wd 'pshow;' )   interact_cancel=: interact_close=: verb define  wd'pclose' )   interact_Value_button=: verb define  wd 'set Value text ' , ": {. 0 ". Value )   interact_increment_button=: verb define  wd 'set Value text ' , ": 1 + {. 0 ". Value )   interact_random_button=: verb define  if. 2 = 2 3 wdquery 'Confirm';'Reset to random number?' do.  wd 'set Value text ' , ": ?100  end. )

Works with: J 6.x

INTERACT=: 0 : 0 pc interact closeok; xywh 6 6 48 12;cc Value edit; xywh 6 18 48 12;cc increment button;cn "+"; xywh 6 30 48 12;cc random button;cn "?"; pas 6 6;pcenter; rem form end; ) interact_run=: 3 : 0  wd INTERACT  wd 'set Value 0;'  wd 'pshow;' ) interact_close=: 3 : 0  wd'pclose' ) interact_Value_button=: 3 : 0  wd 'set Value ' , ": {. 0 ". Value ) interact_increment_button=: 3 : 0  wd 'set Value ' , ": 1 + {. 0 ". Value ) interact_random_button=: 3 : 0  if. 0 = 2 wdquery 'Confirm';'Reset to random number?' do.  wd 'set Value ' , ": ?100  end. )

Note: I used an edit box for the value, and edit boxes do not get onChange events, so rejection of non-numeric values will be delayed until the use of a button (or pressing enter).

Example use:

interact_run''

Java

Works with: Swing

Works with: AWT

There are nice GUI editors in some IDEs (Netbeans has a notoriously good one), but this GUI was not built automatically, so it's a little easier to understand.

import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextField; public class Interact extends JFrame{ final JTextField numberField; final JButton incButton, randButton;  public Interact(){ //stop the GUI threads when the user hits the X button setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);   numberField = new JTextField(); incButton = new JButton("Increment"); randButton = new JButton("Random");  numberField.setText("0");//start at 0  //listen for button presses in the text field numberField.addKeyListener(new KeyListener(){ @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { //if the entered character is not a digit if(!Character.isDigit(e.getKeyChar())){ //eat the event (i.e. stop it from being processed) e.consume(); } } @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){} @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){} });  //listen for button clicks on the increment button incButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String text = numberField.getText(); if(text.isEmpty()){ numberField.setText("1"); }else{ numberField.setText((Long.valueOf(text) + 1) + ""); } } });  //listen for button clicks on the random button randButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){ @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //show a dialog and if they answer "Yes" if(JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "Are you sure?") == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION){ //set the text field text to a random positive long numberField.setText(Long.toString((long)(Math.random()  * Long.MAX_VALUE))); } } });  //arrange the components in a grid with 2 rows and 1 column setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));  //a secondary panel for arranging both buttons in one grid space in the window JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();  //the buttons are in a grid with 1 row and 2 columns buttonPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 2)); //add the buttons buttonPanel.add(incButton); buttonPanel.add(randButton);  //put the number field on top of the buttons add(numberField); add(buttonPanel); //size the window appropriately pack();  } public static void main(String[] args){ new Interact().setVisible(true); } }

Works with: Java version 8+

import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; public interface FunctionalKeyListener extends KeyListener {  @Override  public default void keyPressed(KeyEvent event) {}  @Override  public default void keyTyped(KeyEvent event) {}  @Override  public default void keyReleased(KeyEvent event) {}  @FunctionalInterface  public static interface Pressed extends FunctionalKeyListener {  @Override  public void keyPressed(KeyEvent event);  }  @FunctionalInterface  public static interface Typed extends FunctionalKeyListener {  @Override  public void keyTyped(KeyEvent event);  }  @FunctionalInterface  public static interface Released extends FunctionalKeyListener {  @Override  public void keyReleased(KeyEvent event);  } }

import java.awt.GridLayout; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.util.function.Consumer; import java.util.function.Predicate; import java.util.stream.Stream; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.JTextField; public interface Interact {  public static final JFrame FRAME = new JFrame();  public static final JTextField FIELD = new JTextField();  public static final JPanel PANEL = new JPanel();    public static void setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame frame) {  frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);  }  public static void setText(JTextField field) {  field.setText("0");  }  public static void setEditable(JTextField field) {  field.setEditable(false);  }  public static boolean isDigitKeyChar(KeyEvent event) {  return !Character.isDigit(event.getKeyChar());  }  public static void keyTyped(KeyEvent event) {  Stream.of(event)  .parallel()  .filter(Interact::isDigitKeyChar)  .forEach(KeyEvent::consume)  ;  }  public static void addKeyListener(JTextField field) {  field.addKeyListener((FunctionalKeyListener.Typed) Interact::keyTyped);  }  public static String mapText(String text) {  return text.isEmpty()  ? "1"  : String.valueOf(Long.valueOf(text) + 1)  ;  }  public static void actionPerformedOnIncrementButton(ActionEvent event) {  Stream.of(FIELD)  .parallel()  .map(JTextField::getText)  .map(Interact::mapText)  .forEach(FIELD::setText)  ;  }  public static void addActionListenerToIncrementButton(JButton button) {  button.addActionListener(Interact::actionPerformedOnIncrementButton);  }  public static void addIncrementButton(JPanel panel) {  Stream.of("Increment")  .parallel()  .map(JButton::new)  .peek(Interact::addActionListenerToIncrementButton)  .forEach(panel::add)  ;  }  public static int showConfirmDialog(String question) {  return JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, question);  }  public static void setFieldText(int integer) {  FIELD.setText(  String.valueOf(  (long) (Math.random() * Long.MAX_VALUE))  )  ;  }  public static void actionPerformedOnRandomButton(ActionEvent event) {  Stream.of("Are you sure?")  .parallel()  .map(Interact::showConfirmDialog)  .filter(Predicate.isEqual(JOptionPane.YES_OPTION))  .forEach(Interact::setFieldText)  ;  }  public static void addActionListenerToRandomButton(JButton button) {  button.addActionListener(Interact::actionPerformedOnRandomButton);  }  public static void addRandomButton(JPanel panel) {  Stream.of("Random")  .parallel()  .map(JButton::new)  .peek(Interact::addActionListenerToRandomButton)  .forEach(panel::add)  ;  }  public static void acceptField(Consumer<JTextField> consumer) {  consumer.accept(FIELD);  }  public static void prepareField(JTextField field) {  Stream.<Consumer<JTextField>>of(  Interact::setEditable,  Interact::setText,  Interact::addKeyListener  )  .parallel()  .forEach(Interact::acceptField)  ;  }  public static void addField(JFrame frame) {  Stream.of(FIELD)  .parallel()  .peek(Interact::prepareField)  .forEach(frame::add)  ;  }  public static void acceptPanel(Consumer<JPanel> consumer) {  consumer.accept(PANEL);  }  public static void processPanel(JPanel panel) {  Stream.<Consumer<JPanel>>of(  Interact::setLayout,  Interact::addIncrementButton,  Interact::addRandomButton  )  .parallel()  .forEach(Interact::acceptPanel)  ;  }  public static void addPanel(JFrame frame) {  Stream.of(PANEL)  .parallel()  .peek(Interact::processPanel)  .forEach(frame::add)  ;  }  public static void setLayout(JFrame frame) {  frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));  }  public static void setLayout(JPanel panel) {  panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(1, 2));  }  public static void setVisible(JFrame frame) {  frame.setVisible(true);  }  public static void acceptFrame(Consumer<JFrame> consumer) {  consumer.accept(FRAME);  }  public static void processField(JFrame frame) {  Stream.<Consumer<JFrame>>of(  Interact::setDefaultCloseOperation,  Interact::setLayout,  Interact::addField,  Interact::addPanel,  Interact::setVisible  )  .parallel()  .forEach(Interact::acceptFrame)  ;  }    public static void main(String... arguments) {  Stream.of(FRAME)  .parallel()  .peek(Interact::processField)  .forEach(JFrame::pack)  ;  } }

Julia

#= The task: For a minimal "application", write a program that presents a form with three components to the user: A numeric input field ("Value") and two buttons ("increment" and "random"). =# using Tk w = Toplevel("Component Interaction Example") fr = Frame(w) pack(fr, expand=true, fill="both") value = Entry(fr, "") increment = Button(fr, "Increment") random = Button(fr, "Random") formlayout(value, "Value:") formlayout(increment, " ") formlayout(random, " ") set_value(value, "0") ## The field is initialized to zero. incrementvalue(s) = (val = parse(Int, get_value(value)); set_value(value, string(val + 1))) bind(increment, "command", incrementvalue) function validate_command(path, P)  try  length(P) > 0 && parse(Float64, P)  tcl("expr", "TRUE")  catch e  tcl("expr", "FALSE")  end end function invalid_command(path, W)  println("Invalid value")  tcl(W, "delete", "@0", "end") end """  Pressing the "random" button presents a confirmation dialog and  resets the field's value to a random value if the answer is "Yes". """ function randval(s)  out = Messagebox(w, title="Randomize input", detail="Select a new random number?")  if out == "ok"  new_value = rand(collect(1:99))  set_value(value, string(new_value))  end end bind(random, "command", randval) while true sleep(1); end

Kotlin

Translation of: Java

import java.awt.GridLayout import java.awt.event.ActionEvent import java.awt.event.ActionListener import java.awt.event.KeyEvent import java.awt.event.KeyListener import javax.swing.* class Interact : JFrame() {  val numberField = JTextField()  val incButton = JButton("Increment")  val randButton = JButton("Random")  val buttonPanel = JPanel()  init {  defaultCloseOperation = JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE  numberField.text = "0"  numberField.addKeyListener(object : KeyListener {  override fun keyTyped(e : KeyEvent) : Unit {  if (!Character.isDigit(e.keyChar)) e.consume()  }  override fun keyReleased(e : KeyEvent?) {}  override fun keyPressed(e : KeyEvent) {}  })  incButton.addActionListener {  val num = (numberField.text ?: "").toDouble()  numberField.text = (num + 1).toString()  }  randButton.addActionListener(object : ActionListener {  fun proceedOrNot() = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(randButton, "Are you sure?")  override fun actionPerformed(e : ActionEvent) {  if(proceedOrNot() == JOptionPane.YES_OPTION)  numberField.text = (Math.random() * Long.MAX_VALUE).toString()  }  })  layout = GridLayout(2, 1)  buttonPanel.layout = GridLayout(1, 2)  buttonPanel.add(incButton)  buttonPanel.add(randButton)  add(numberField)  add(buttonPanel)  pack()  } } fun main(args : Array<String>) {  Interact().isVisible = true }

Lambdatalk

See http://lambdaway.free.fr/lambdawalks/?view=interaction

{input {@ id="input" type="text" value="0"}} {input {@ type="button" value="increment"  onclick="document.getElementById('input').value =   parseInt( document.getElementById('input').value ) + 1;"}} {input {@ type="button" value="random"   onclick="if (confirm( 'yes?' ))  document.getElementById('input').value =   Math.round(Math.random()*100);"}}

Liberty BASIC

Input Verification

nomainwin textbox #demo.val, 20, 50, 90, 24 button #demo.inc, "Increment", [btnIncrement], UL, 20, 90, 90, 24 button #demo.rnd, "Random", [btnRandom], UL, 20, 120, 90, 24 open "Rosetta Task: GUI component interaction" for window as #demo #demo "trapclose [quit]" validNum$ = "0123456789." #demo.val 0 wait [quit] close #demo end [btnIncrement] #demo.val "!contents? nVal$" nVal$ = trim$(nVal$) if left$(nVal$, 1) = "-" then neg = 1 nVal$ = mid$(nVal$, 2) else neg = 0 end if validNum = 1 nDecs = 0 for i = 1 to len(nVal$) if instr(validNum$, mid$(nVal$, i, 1)) = 0 then validNum = 0 end if if mid$(nVal$, i, 1) = "." then nDecs = nDecs + 1 end if next i if nDecs > 1 then validNum = 0 end if if neg = 1 then nVal$ = "-";nVal$ end if if validNum = 0 then notice nVal$;" does not appear to be a valid number. " + _ "(Commas are not allowed.)" else nVal = val(nVal$) nVal = nVal + 1 end if #demo.val nVal wait [btnRandom] confirm "Reset value to random number";yn$ if yn$ = "yes" then nVal = int(rnd(1) * 100) + 1 #demo.val nVal end if wait

Impossible to type non-numeric characters

nomainwin stylebits #demo.val, _ES_NUMBER, 0, 0, 0 textbox #demo.val, 20, 50, 90, 24 button #demo.inc, "Increment", [btnIncrement], UL, 20, 90, 90, 24 button #demo.rnd, "Random", [btnRandom], UL, 20, 120, 90, 24 open "Rosetta Task: GUI component interaction" for window as #demo #demo "trapclose [quit]" #demo.val 0 wait [quit] close #demo end [btnIncrement] #demo.val "!contents? nVal" nVal = nVal + 1 #demo.val nVal wait [btnRandom] confirm "Reset value to random number";yn$ if yn$ = "yes" then nVal = int(rnd(1) * 100) + 1 #demo.val nVal end if wait

Lua

Library: LuaRT

local ui = require "ui" math.randomseed(os.time()) local win = ui.Window("GUI component interaction", 320, 200) local entry = ui.Entry(win, 0, 124, 40) entry.enabled = false ui.Button(win, "Increment", 105, 90).onClick = function (self)  entry.text = entry.text + 1 end ui.Button(win, "Random", 110, 130).onClick = function (self)  if ui.confirm("Set the field to a random number?") == "yes" then  entry.text = math.random(100)  end   end win:show() -- update the user interface until the user closes the Window repeat  sleep(1)  ui.update() until not win.visible

M2000 uses twips for positions and width/height of forms and controls. M2000 Environment has a window manager, which used in Windows and Ubuntu (through Wine) operating systems. The window style is the same to every os. Version 2, addition a title for form (without title, default title if form variable name, form1).

Module CheckIt {  Declare form1 form  Declare textbox1 textbox form form1  Declare buttonInc Button form form1  Declare buttonRND Button form form1  Method textbox1, "move", 2000,2000,4000,600  Method buttonInc, "move", 2000,3000,2000,600  Method buttonRND, "move", 4000,3000,2000,600  With form1, "Title", "Rosetta Code: GUI component interaction"  With textbox1,"vartext" as textbox1.value$, "Prompt", "Value:", "ShowAlways", true  With buttonInc,"Caption","Increment"  With buttonRND,"Caption","Random"  textbox1.value$="0"  Function Local1(new Feed$) {  \\ this Function can be used from other Integer   \\ this$ and thispos, exist just before the call of this Function  local sgn$  if feed$="" and this$="-" then thispos-- : exit  if left$(this$,1)="-" then sgn$="-": this$=mid$(this$, 2)  if this$<>Trim$(this$) then this$=Feed$ : thispos-- : exit  If Trim$(this$)="" then this$="0" : thispos=2 : exit  if instr(this$,"+")>0 and sgn$="-" then this$=filter$(this$, "+") : sgn$=""  if instr(this$,"-")>0 and sgn$="" then this$=filter$(this$, "-") : sgn$="-"  if filter$(this$,"0123456789")<>"" then this$=Feed$ : thispos-- : exit  if len(this$)>1 then While left$(this$,1)="0" {this$=mid$(this$, 2)}   this$=sgn$+this$  if this$="-0" then this$="-" : thispos=2  }  Function TextBox1.ValidString {  \\ this Function called direct from textbox  Read New &this$, &thispos  Call Local local1(textbox1.value$)  }  Function buttonInc.Click {  textbox1.value$=str$(val(textbox1.value$)+1, "")  }  Function buttonRND.Click {  If AsK$("Change Value with random number", "Question", "Yes", "No")="Yes" Then {  textbox1.value$=str$(Random(0, 10000), "")  After 100 {Try {Method textbox1,"GetFocus"}}  }  }  \\ open modal  Method form1, "show", 1  Declare form1 nothing } Checkit

Maple

For this problem, you will need to open up Maple, go to the Components tab on the left, and insert a Text Area, and 2 Buttons. By right clicking each button, and clicking Component Properties, change one to Increase, and the other to Random. Then, click on 'Edit Content Changed Action". In the one labeled increase, type:

Increase();

In the one labeled Random, type:

Random();

Then, by clicking the 2 gears and opening up the start-up commands, enter this:

macro(SP=DocumentTools:-SetProperty, GP=DocumentTools:-GetProperty); with(Maplets[Elements]): SP("Text",value,0);  Increase:=proc() SP("Text",value,parse(GP("Text",value))+1); end proc; Random:=proc() maplet := Maplet(["Are you sure?", [Button("OK", Shutdown("true")), Button("Cancel", Shutdown())]]); result := Maplets[Display](maplet); if result = "true" then j:=rand(1..1000); SP("Text",value,j()); end if; end proc;

Mathematica / Wolfram Language

Manipulate[Null, {{value, 0}, InputField[Dynamic[value], Number] &}, Row@{Button["increment", value++], Button["random", If[DialogInput[ Column@{"Are you sure?", Row@{Button["Yes", DialogReturn[True]], Button["No", DialogReturn[False]]}}], value = RandomInteger@10000], Method -> "Queued"]}]

Nim

Gtk2

Library: nim-gtk2

import  gtk2, glib2, strutils, random   var valu: int = 0   proc thisDestroy(widget: PWidget, data: Pgpointer) {.cdecl.} =  main_quit()   randomize() nim_init() var win = window_new(gtk2.WINDOW_TOPLEVEL) var content = vbox_new(true,10) var hbox1 = hbox_new(true,10) var hbox2 = hbox_new(false,1) var lbl = label_new("Value:") var entry_fld = entry_new() entry_fld.set_text("0") var btn_quit = button_new("Quit") var btn_inc = button_new("Increment") var btn_rnd = button_new("Random") add(hbox2,lbl) add(hbox2,entry_fld) add(hbox1,btn_inc) add(hbox1,btn_rnd) pack_start(content, hbox2, true, true, 0) pack_start(content, hbox1, true, true, 0) pack_start(content, btn_quit, true, true, 0) set_border_width(win, 5) add(win, content)   proc on_question_clicked: bool =  var dialog = win.message_dialog_new(0, MESSAGE_QUESTION,  BUTTONS_YES_NO, "Use a Random number?")  var response = dialog.run()  result = response == RESPONSE_YES  dialog.destroy()   proc thisInc(widget: PWidget, data: Pgpointer){.cdecl.} =  inc(valu)  entry_fld.set_text($valu)   proc thisRnd(widget: PWidget, data: Pgpointer){.cdecl.} =  if on_question_clicked():  valu = rand(20)  entry_fld.set_text($valu)   proc thisTextChanged(widget: PWidget, data: Pgpointer) {.cdecl.} =  try:  valu = parseInt($entry_fld.get_text())  except ValueError:  entry_fld.set_text($valu) discard signal_connect(win, "destroy", SIGNAL_FUNC(thisDestroy), nil) discard signal_connect(btn_quit, "clicked", SIGNAL_FUNC(thisDestroy), nil) discard signal_connect(btn_inc, "clicked", SIGNAL_FUNC(thisInc), nil) discard signal_connect(btn_rnd, "clicked", SIGNAL_FUNC(thisRnd), nil) discard signal_connect(entry_fld, "changed", SIGNAL_FUNC(thisTextChanged), nil)   win.show_all() main()

Gtk3 (gintro)

Library: gintro

This is a translation of the Gtk2 version to Gtk3 using the higher level "gintro" bindings. The higher level is not really obvious in this small example, but, for instance, we are able to transmit to signal handlers a pure Nim “Context” object (managed by the GC). With the Gtk2 bindings, it would require to use unsafe addresses.

Note that this example no longer works with versions of Nim compiler greater or equal to 2.0.

import random, strutils import gintro/[glib, gobject, gtk, gio] type Context = ref object  value: int  entry: Entry #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proc onQuestionClicked(): bool =  # As "gintro" doesn't provide "MessageDialog" yet, we will use a simple dialog.  let dialog = newDialog()  dialog.setModal(true)  let label = newLabel("Use a Random number?")  dialog.contentArea.add(label)  discard dialog.addButton("No", ord(ResponseType.no))  discard dialog.addButton("Yes", ord(ResponseType.yes))  dialog.showAll()  result = dialog.run() == ord(ResponseType.yes)  dialog.destroy() #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proc onQuit(button: Button; window: ApplicationWindow) =  window.destroy() #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proc onIncr(button: Button; ctx: Context) =  inc ctx.value  ctx.entry.setText($ctx.value) #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proc onRand(button: Button; ctx: Context) =  if onQuestionClicked():  ctx.value = rand(20)  ctx.entry.setText($ctx.value) #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proc onEntryChange(entry: Entry; ctx: Context) =  try:  ctx.value = entry.text().parseInt()  except ValueError:  entry.setText($ctx.value) #--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- proc activate(app: Application) =  ## Activate the application.  let window = app.newApplicationWindow()  window.setTitle("Component interaction")  let content = newBox(Orientation.vertical, 10)  content.setHomogeneous(true)  let hbox1 = newBox(Orientation.horizontal, 10)  hbox1.setHomogeneous(true)  let hbox2 = newBox(Orientation.horizontal, 1)  hbox2.setHomogeneous(false)  let label = newLabel("Value:")  let entry = newEntry()  entry.setText("0")  let btnQuit = newButton("Quit")  let btnIncr = newButton("Increment")  let btnRand = newButton("Random")  hbox2.add(label)  hbox2.add(entry)  hbox1.add(btnIncr)  hbox1.add(btnRand)  content.packStart(hbox2, true, true, 0)  content.packStart(hbox1, true, true, 0)  content.packStart(btnQuit, true, true, 0)  window.setBorderWidth(5)  window.add(content)  let context = Context(value: 0, entry: entry)  discard btnQuit.connect("clicked", onQuit, window)  discard btnIncr.connect("clicked", onIncr, context)  discard btnRand.connect("clicked", onRand, context)  discard entry.connect("changed", onEntryChange, context)  window.showAll() #——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— let app = newApplication(Application, "Rosetta.ComponentInteraction") discard app.connect("activate", activate) discard app.run()

IUP

Library: IUP

import  iup, strutils, math # assumes you have the iup .dll or .so installed randomize()  discard iup.open(nil,nil) var lbl = Label("Value:") setAttribute(lbl,"PADDING","2x2") var valu = Text(nil) SetAttribute(valu, "PADDING", "2x2") SetAttribute(valu, "VALUE", "0") proc toCB(fp: proc): ICallback =  return cast[ICallback](fp) # Click handler for Click button proc incClick(ih:PIhandle): cint {.cdecl.} =  var s: string = $(GetAttribute(valu,"VALUE"))  var x: int = 0  try:  x = 1 + parseInt(s)  except:  x = 1 # default to 1 if non-numeric entry  setAttribute(valu,"VALUE", $x)  return IUP_DEFAULT # Click handler for Random button proc randClick(ih:PIhandle): cint {.cdecl.} =  if Iup.Alarm("Random Value?", "Set value to a random numer < 100 ?","Yes","No",nil) == 1:  setAttribute(valu,"VALUE", $random(100))  return IUP_DEFAULT # Key handler to check for Esc pressed proc key_cb(ih:PIhandle, c: cint):cint {.cdecl.} =  #echo c  if (c == Iup.K_esc) and (Iup.Alarm("Exit?", "Had enough?","Yes","Keep going",nil) == 1):  return IUP_CLOSE # Exit application  return IUP_CONTINUE var txtBox = Hbox(lbl, valu, nil) SetAttribute(txtBox, "MARGIN", "10x10") var incBtn = Button("&Increment", "") var randBtn = Button("&Randomize", "") var btnBox = Vbox(incBtn, randBtn, nil) SetAttribute(btnBox, "MARGIN", "5x5") var contents = Hbox(txtBox, btnBox, nil) SetAttribute(contents, "MARGIN", "2x2") discard setCallback(incBtn,"ACTION", toCB(incClick)) discard setCallback(randBtn,"ACTION", toCB(randClick)) discard setCallback(contents,"K_ANY", toCB(key_cb))  var dlg = Dialog(contents) discard dlg.show() discard mainloop() iup.close()

Oz

Using Mozart's standard GUI library, building a small desktop application:

declare [QTk] = {Module.link ['x-oz://system/wp/QTk.ozf']} proc {Main} MaxValue = 1000 NumberWidget GUI = lr( numberentry(init:1 min:0 max:MaxValue handle:NumberWidget) button(text:"Increase" action:proc {$} OldVal = {NumberWidget get($)} in {NumberWidget set(OldVal+1)} end) button(text:"Random" action:proc {$} if {Ask "Reset to random?"} then Rnd = {OS.rand} * MaxValue div {OS.randLimits _} in {NumberWidget set(Rnd)} end end) ) Window = {QTk.build GUI} in {Window show} end fun {Ask Msg} Result Box = {QTk.build td(message(init:Msg) lr(button(text:"Yes" action:proc {$} Result=true {Box close} end) button(text:"No" action:proc {$} Result=false {Box close} end) ))} in {Box show} {Box wait} Result end in {Main}

As a web application, using the "Roads" web programming library. Connect your browser to http://localhost:8080/start after starting the program.

declare [Roads] = {Module.link ['x-ozlib://wmeyer/roads/Roads.ozf']} MaxValue = 1000 fun {Start Session} {Page 0} end fun {Page Val} html( body(  %% numerical input with an HTML form local NewVal in form( {NumberInput Val NewVal} input(type:submit) method:post action:fun {$ _} {Page NewVal} end ) end  %% link with button functionality a("Increase" href:fun {$ _} {Page Val+1} end) "&nbsp;"  %% another "button-link" a("Random" href:fun {$ S} p("Reset to random? - " a("Yes" href:fun {$ _} Rnd = {OS.rand} * MaxValue div {OS.randLimits _} in {Page Rnd} end) " " a("No" href:fun {$ _} {Page Val} end) ) end) )) end  %% a "formlet", managing input of an integer value fun {NumberInput OldVal NewVal} input(type:text validate:int_in(0 MaxValue) value:{Int.toString OldVal} bind:proc {$ Str} NewVal = {String.toInt Str.escaped} end ) end in {Roads.registerFunction 'start' Start} {Roads.run}

Perl

#!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use warnings; use Tk; use Tk::Dialog; use Tk::LabFrame; my $value = 0; my $mw = MainWindow->new; $mw->title( 'GUI component interaction' ); my $lf = $mw->LabFrame( -label => 'Value' )->pack(-fill => 'x',-expand => 1); $lf->Entry( -width => 10, -textvariable => \$value,  -validate => 'key', -validatecommand => sub { $_[0] =~ /^\d{1,9}\z/ },  )->pack(-fill => 'x', -expand => 1); $mw->Button( -text => 'increment', -command => sub { $value++ },  )->pack( -side => 'left' ); $mw->Button( -text => 'random', -command => sub {  $mw->Dialog(  -text => 'Change to a random value?',  -title => 'Confirm',  -buttons => [ qw(Yes No) ]  )->Show eq 'Yes' and $value = int rand 1e9; }  )->pack( -side => 'right' ); MainLoop;

Phix

Library: Phix/basics

Library: Phix/pGUI

include pGUI.e Ihandle txt, increment, random, hbx, vbx, dlg function action_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/, integer ch) if not find(ch,"0123456789-") then return IUP_IGNORE end if return IUP_CONTINUE end function function increment_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/) integer v = IupGetInt(txt,"VALUE")+1 IupSetInt(txt,"VALUE",v) return IUP_CONTINUE end function function random_cb(Ihandle /*ih*/) if IupAlarm("Confirm","Replace wth random value?","Yes","No")=1 then IupSetInt(txt,"VALUE",rand(1000)) end if return IUP_CONTINUE end function IupOpen() txt = IupText(Icallback("action_cb"),"EXPAND=YES") increment = IupButton("increment",Icallback("increment_cb")) random = IupButton("random",Icallback("random_cb")) hbx = IupHbox({increment,random},"MARGIN=0x10, GAP=20") vbx = IupVbox({txt,hbx},"MARGIN=40x20") dlg = IupDialog(vbx) IupShow(dlg) if platform()!=JS then IupMainLoop() IupClose() end if

PicoLisp

The standard PicoLisp GUI is HTTP based. Connect your browser to http://localhost:8080 after starting the following script.

#!/usr/bin/picolisp /usr/lib/picolisp/lib.l (load "@ext.l" "@lib/http.l" "@lib/xhtml.l" "@lib/form.l") (de start () (and (app) (zero *Number)) (action (html 0 "Increment" "@lib.css" NIL (form NIL (gui '(+Var +NumField) '*Number 20 "Value") (gui '(+JS +Button) "increment" '(inc '*Number) ) (gui '(+Button) "random" '(ask "Reset to a random value?" (setq *Number (rand)) ) ) ) ) ) ) (server 8080 "!start") (wait)

PowerShell

[xml]$XML = @" <Window xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"  Title="Rosetta Code" WindowStartupLocation = "CenterScreen" Height="100" Width="210" ResizeMode="NoResize">  <Grid Background="#FFC1C3CB">  <Label Name="Label_Value" Content="Value" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,10,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="70"/>  <TextBox Name="TextBox_Value" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="23" Margin="90,10,0,0" TextWrapping="Wrap" Text="0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="100"/>  <Button Name="Button_Random" Content="Random" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="10,41,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="70" Height="23"/>  <Button Name="Button_Increment" Content="Increment" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="90,41,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="100" Height="23"/>  </Grid> </Window> "@ $XMLReader = New-Object System.Xml.XmlNodeReader $XML $XMLForm = [Windows.Markup.XamlReader]::Load($XMLReader) $buttonIncrement = $XMLForm.FindName('Button_Increment') $buttonRandom = $XMLForm.FindName('Button_Random') $textBoxValue = $XMLForm.FindName('TextBox_Value') $buttonRandom.add_click({ $textBoxValue.Text = Get-Random -Minimum 0 -Maximum 10000 }) $buttonIncrement.add_click({++[Int]$textBoxValue.Text}) $XMLForm.ShowDialog() | Out-Null

Prolog

Works with SWI-Prolog and XPCE.

dialog('GUI_Interaction', [ object := GUI_Interaction, parts := [ GUI_Interaction := dialog('Rosetta Code'), Input_field := text_item(input_field), Increment := button(increment), Random := button(random) ], modifications := [ Input_field := [ label := 'Value :', length := 28 ] ], layout := [ area(Input_field, area(54, 24, 251, 24)), area(Increment, area(54, 90, 80, 24)), area(Random, area(230, 90, 80, 24)) ], behaviour := [ Increment := [ message := message(@prolog, increment, Input_field ) ], Random := [ message := message(@prolog, my_random, Input_field) ], Input_field := [ message := message(@prolog, input, GUI_Interaction, Increment, @receiver, @arg1) ] ] ]). gui_component :- make_dialog(S, 'GUI_Interaction'), send(S, open). increment(Input) :- get(Input, selection, V), atom_number(V, Val), Val1 is Val + 1, send(Input, selection, Val1). my_random(Input) :- new(D, dialog('GUI Interaction')), send(D, append(label(lbl,'Confirm your choice !'))), send(D, append(button(ok, message(D, return, ok)))), send(D, append(button(cancel, message(D, return, ko)))), send(D, default_button(ok)), get(D, confirm, Rval), free(D), ( Rval = ok -> X is random(10000), send(Input, selection, X) ). input(Gui, Btn, Input, Selection) :- catch( (term_to_atom(T, Selection), number(T), send(Gui, focus, Btn)), _, ( send(@display, inform, 'Please type a number !'), send(Input,clear))).

PureBasic

Enumeration   #StringGadget  #Increment  #Random EndEnumeration If OpenWindow(0,#PB_Ignore,#PB_Ignore,180,50,"PB-GUI",#PB_Window_SystemMenu)  StringGadget(#StringGadget,5,5,170,20,"",#PB_String_Numeric)  ButtonGadget(#Increment,5,25,80,20, "Increment")  ButtonGadget(#Random, 90,25,80,20, "Random")  Repeat  Event=WaitWindowEvent()  If Event=#PB_Event_Gadget  Select EventGadget()  Case #Increment  CurrentVal=Val(GetGadgetText(#StringGadget))  SetGadgetText(#StringGadget,Str(CurrentVal+1))  Case #Random  Flag=#PB_MessageRequester_YesNo  Answer=MessageRequester("Randomize","Are you sure?",Flag)  If Answer=#PB_MessageRequester_Yes  SetGadgetText(#StringGadget,Str(Random(#MAXLONG)))  EndIf  EndSelect  EndIf  Until Event=#PB_Event_CloseWindow  CloseWindow(0) EndIf

Python

Python2 - no classes

W/out class and using grid layout

Library: Tkinter

Works with: Python version 2.7

import random, tkMessageBox from Tkinter import * window = Tk() window.geometry("300x50+100+100") options = { "padx":5, "pady":5} s=StringVar() s.set(1) def increase(): s.set(int(s.get())+1) def rand(): if tkMessageBox.askyesno("Confirmation", "Reset to random value ?"): s.set(random.randrange(0,5000)) def update(e): if not e.char.isdigit(): tkMessageBox.showerror('Error', 'Invalid input !') return "break" e = Entry(text=s) e.grid(column=0, row=0, **options) e.bind('<Key>', update) b1 = Button(text="Increase", command=increase, **options ) b1.grid(column=1, row=0, **options) b2 = Button(text="Random", command=rand, **options) b2.grid(column=2, row=0, **options) mainloop()

Python3 - no classes

Library: Tkinter

Works with: Python version 3.7

import random, tkinter.messagebox from tkinter import * window = Tk() window.geometry("330x50+100+100") options = { "padx":5, "pady":5} s=StringVar() s.set(1) def increase(): s.set(int(s.get())+1) def rand(): if messagebox.askyesno("Confirmation", "Reset to random value ?"): s.set(random.randrange(0,5000)) def update(e): if not e.char.isdigit(): messagebox.showerror('Error', 'Invalid input !') return "break" e = Entry(text=s) e.grid(column=0, row=0, **options) e.bind('<Key>', update) b1 = Button(text="Increase", command=increase, **options ) b1.grid(column=1, row=0, **options) b2 = Button(text="Random", command=rand, **options) b2.grid(column=2, row=0, **options) mainloop()

Python2 - With classes

Library: Tkinter

import random from Tkinter import * import tkMessageBox class Application(Frame): def __init__(self, master): Frame.__init__(self, master) self.counter = 0 self.contents = StringVar() self.contents.set(str(self.counter)) self.pack(expand=True, fill='both', padx=10, pady=15) self.create_widgets() def increment(self, *args): self.counter += 1 self.update_entry() def random(self): if tkMessageBox.askyesno("Confirmation", "Reset to random value ?"): self.counter = random.randint(0, 5000) self.update_entry() def entry_updated(self, event, *args): if not event.char: return 'break' if not event.char.isdigit(): tkMessageBox.showerror('Error', 'Invalid input !') return 'break' self.counter = int('%s%s' % (self.contents.get(), event.char)) def update_entry(self): self.contents.set(str(self.counter)) self.entry['textvariable'] = self.contents def create_widgets(self): options = {'expand': True, 'fill': 'x', 'side': 'left', 'padx': 5} self.entry = Entry(self) self.entry.bind('<Key>', self.entry_updated) self.entry.pack(**options) self.update_entry() self.increment_button = Button(self, text='Increment', command=self.increment) self.increment_button.pack(**options) self.random_button = Button(self, text='Random', command=self.random) self.random_button.pack(**options) if __name__ == '__main__': root = Tk() try: app = Application(master=root) app.master.title("Rosetta code") app.mainloop() except KeyboardInterrupt: root.destroy()

R

library(gWidgets) options(guiToolkit="RGtk2") ## using gWidgtsRGtk2 w <- gwindow("Interaction") g <- ggroup(cont=w, horizontal=FALSE) e <- gedit(0, cont=g, coerce.with=as.numeric) bg <- ggroup(cont=g) inc_btn <- gbutton("increment", cont=bg) rdm_btn <- gbutton("random", cont=bg) addHandlerChanged(e, handler=function(h,...) {  val <- svalue(e)  if(is.na(val))  galert("You need to enter a number", parent=w) }) addHandlerChanged(inc_btn, handler=function(h,...) {  val <- svalue(e)  if(is.na(val))   galert("Can't increment if not a number", parent=w)  else  svalue(e) <- val + 1 }) addHandlerChanged(rdm_btn, handler=function(h,...) {  if(gconfirm("Really replace value?"))  svalue(e) <- sample(1:1000, 1) })

Racket

#lang racket/gui   (define frame (new frame% [label "Interaction Demo"])) (define inp  (new text-field% [label "Value"] [parent frame] [init-value "0"]  [callback  (λ(f ev)  (define v (send f get-value))  (unless (string->number v)  (send f set-value (regexp-replace* #rx"[^0-9]+" v ""))))])) (define buttons (new horizontal-pane% [parent frame])) (define inc-b  (new button% [parent buttons] [label "Increment"]  [callback (λ (b e) (let* ([v (string->number (send inp get-value))]  [v (number->string (add1 v))])  (send inp set-value v)))])) (define rand-b  (new button% [parent buttons] [label "Random"]  [callback (λ (b e) (when (message-box "Confirm" "Are you sure?"  frame '(yes-no))  (send inp set-value (~a (random 10000)))))])) (send frame show #t)

Raku

(formerly Perl 6)

Library: GTK

use GTK::Simple; use GTK::Simple::App;  my GTK::Simple::App $app .= new(title => 'GUI component interaction');  $app.set-content(  my $box = GTK::Simple::VBox.new(  my $value = GTK::Simple::Entry.new(text => '0'),  my $increment = GTK::Simple::Button.new(label => 'Increment'),  my $random = GTK::Simple::Button.new(label => 'Random'),  ) );  $app.size-request(400, 100); $app.border-width = 20; $box.spacing = 10;  $value.changed.tap: {  ($value.text ||= '0') ~~ s:g/<-[0..9]>//; }  $increment.clicked.tap: {  my $val = $value.text; $val += 1; $value.text = $val.Str }  $random.clicked.tap: {  # Dirty hack to work around the fact that GTK::Simple doesn't provide  # access to GTK message dialogs yet :P  if run «zenity --question --text "Reset to random value?"» {  $value.text = (^100).pick.Str  } }  $app.run;

Ring

Load "guilib.ring" MyApp = New qApp { num = 0 win1 = new qWidget() { setwindowtitle("Hello World") setGeometry(100,100,370,250) btn1 = new qpushbutton(win1) { setGeometry(200,200,100,30) settext("Random") setclickevent("Rand()")} btn2 = new qpushbutton(win1) { setGeometry(50,200,100,30) settext("Increment") setclickevent("Increment()")} lineedit1 = new qlineedit(win1) { setGeometry(10,100,350,30)} show()} exec()} func Rand num = string(random(10000)) lineedit1.settext(num) func Increment lineedit1{ num = text()} num = string(number(num)+1) lineedit1.settext(num)

Output:

Ruby

Library: Shoes

Shoes.app(title: "GUI component interaction") do  stack do  textbox = edit_line    textbox.change do  textbox.text = textbox.text.gsub(/[^\d]/, '') and alert "Input must be a number!" if textbox.text !~ /^\d*$/  end    flow do  button "Increment" do  textbox.text = textbox.text.to_i + 1  end    button "Random" do  textbox.text = rand 5000 if confirm "Do you want a random number?"  end  end  end end

Run BASIC

dim dd$(5) ' drop down box for i = 1 to 5 dd$(i) = "Drop ";i next i value$ = "1234" notes$ = "Rosetta Code is good" bf$	= "<SPAN STYLE='font-family:arial; font-weight:700; font-size:12pt'>" [screen] cls html bf$;"<center><TABLE BORDER=1 CELLPADDING=0 CELLSPACING=0 bgcolor=wheat>" html "<TR align=center BGCOLOR=tan><TD colspan=2>Rosetta Code</TD></TR><TR>" html "<TD align=right bgcolor=tan>Value:</TD><TD>" textbox #val,value$,5 html "</TD></TR><TR><TD bgcolor=tan align=right>Radio</TD><TD>" radiogroup #rdo,"1,2,3,4,5",rdo$ #rdo horizontal(1) html "</TD></TR><TR><TD bgcolor=tan align=right>Drop Down</TD><TD>" listbox #dd,dd$(),1 html "</TD></TR><TR><TD bgcolor=tan align=right>Notes</TD><TD>" textarea	#notes,notes$,25,3 html "</TD></TR><TR bgcolor=tan><TD colspan=2 ALIGN=CENTER>" button #inc, "Increment", [incr] button #rnd, "Random", [rand] button #ex, "Exit", [exit] html "</TD></TR></TABLE>" wait [incr] value	= val(#val contents$()) value$ = str$(value + 1) goto [screen] [rand] value$ = str$(int(rnd(1) * 10000)) goto [screen] [exit] print "Bye" end

Rust

Library: egui

use eframe::egui; use rand::Rng; fn main() -> Result<(), eframe::Error> {  let options = eframe::NativeOptions {  initial_window_size: Some(egui::vec2(214.0, 100.0)),  ..Default::default()  };  // Our application state:  let mut value = "0".to_owned();  eframe::run_simple_native("GUI component interaction", options, move |ctx, _frame| {  egui::CentralPanel::default().show(ctx, |ui| {  ui.horizontal(|ui| {  let name_label = ui.label("Value: ");  ui.text_edit_singleline(&mut value)  .labelled_by(name_label.id);  });  ui.horizontal(|ui| {  if ui.button("Increment").clicked() {  if let Ok(v) = value.parse::<usize>() {  value = (v + 1).to_string()  }  }  if ui.button("Random").clicked() {  value = (rand::thread_rng().gen_range(1..=10000)).to_string();  }  });  });  }) }

File:Rust GUI component interaction.png

Scala

import scala.swing._ import scala.swing.Swing._ import scala.swing.event._ object Interact extends SimpleSwingApplication {  def top = new MainFrame {  title = "Rosetta Code >>> Task: component interaction | Language: Scala"  val numberField = new TextField {  text = "0" // start at 0  horizontalAlignment = Alignment.Right  }  val incButton = new Button { text = "Increment" }  val randButton = new Button { text = "Random" }  // arrange buttons in a grid with 1 row, 2 columns  val buttonPanel = new GridPanel(1, 2) {  contents ++= List(incButton, randButton)  }  // arrange text field and button panel in a grid with 2 row, 1 column  contents = new GridPanel(2, 1) { contents ++= List(numberField, buttonPanel) }  // listen for keys pressed in numberField and button clicks  listenTo(numberField.keys, incButton, randButton)  reactions += {  case kt: KeyTyped if (!kt.char.isDigit) => // if the entered char isn't a digit …  kt.consume // … eat the event (i.e. stop it from being processed)  case ButtonClicked(`incButton`) =>  if (numberField.text.isEmpty) numberField.text = "0"  // we use BigInt to avoid long overflow/number format exception  numberField.text = (BigInt(numberField.text) + 1).toString  case ButtonClicked(`randButton`) =>  import Dialog._  numberField.text = showOptions(buttonPanel, message = "Are you sure?",  title = "Choose an option!", entries = List("Yes", "No", "Cancel"),  initial = 2) match {  case Result.Yes => (Long.MaxValue * math.random).toLong.toString  case _ => numberField.text  }  }  centerOnScreen()  } }

Smalltalk

Works with: Smalltalk/X

|top input vh incButton rndButton| vh := ValueHolder with:0. top := StandardSystemView label:'Rosetta GUI interaction'. top extent:300@100. top add:((Label label:'Value:') origin: 0 @ 10 corner: 100 @ 40). top add:(input := EditField origin: 102 @ 10 corner: 1.0 @ 40). input model:(TypeConverter onNumberValue:vh). input acceptOnLostFocus:true; acceptOnReturn:true. top add:((incButton := Button label:'Inc') origin: 10 @ 50 corner: 100 @ 80). top add:((rndButton := Button label:'Rnd') origin: 110 @ 50 corner: 210 @ 80). incButton action:[ vh value: (vh value + 1) ]. rndButton action:[ vh value: Random nextInteger ]. top open

Output:

Tcl

Library: Tk

package require Tk ###--- Our data Model! ---### # A single variable will do just fine set field 0 ###--- Lay out the GUI components in our View ---### # We use the Ttk widget set here; it looks much better on Windows and OSX # First, a quick hack to make things look even nicer place [ttk::frame .bg] -relwidth 1 -relheight 1 # A labelled frame containing an entry field constrained to use numbers pack [ttk::labelframe .val -text "Value"] pack [ttk::entry .val.ue -textvariable field \ -validate key -invalidcommand bell \ -validatecommand {string is integer %P}] # Now, a pair of buttons pack [ttk::button .inc -text "increment" -command step] pack [ttk::button .rnd -text "random" -command random] ###--- Now we define the behaviors, the Controller ---### # How to respond to a click on the "increment" button proc step {} {  global field  incr field } # How to respond to a click on the "random" button proc random {} {  global field  if {[tk_messageBox -type yesno -parent . \  -message "Reset to random?"] eq "yes"} { set field [expr {int(rand() * 5000)}]  } }

Vala

Library: Gtk+-3.0

bool validate_input(Gtk.Window window, string str){  int64 val;  bool ret = int64.try_parse(str,out val);;    if(!ret){  var dialog = new Gtk.MessageDialog(window,  Gtk.DialogFlags.MODAL,  Gtk.MessageType.ERROR,  Gtk.ButtonsType.OK,  "Invalid value");  dialog.run();  dialog.destroy();  }   return ret; } int main (string[] args) {  Gtk.init (ref args);  var window = new Gtk.Window();  window.title = "Rosetta Code";  window.window_position = Gtk.WindowPosition.CENTER;  window.destroy.connect(Gtk.main_quit);  window.set_default_size(0,0);  var box = new Gtk.Box(Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, 1);  box.set_border_width(1);  var label = new Gtk.Label ("Value:");  var entry = new Gtk.Entry();  entry.set_text("0"); //initialize to zero  entry.activate.connect (() => {  // read and validate the entered value  validate_input(window, entry.get_text());  });  // button to increment  var ib = new Gtk.Button.with_label("increment");  ib.clicked.connect(() => {  // read and validate the entered value  var str = entry.get_text();  if(validate_input(window, str)){  entry.set_text((int.parse(str)+1).to_string());  }   });  // button to put in a random value if confirmed  var rb = new Gtk.Button.with_label("random");  rb.clicked.connect (() => {  var dialog = new Gtk.MessageDialog(window,  Gtk.DialogFlags.MODAL,  Gtk.MessageType.QUESTION,  Gtk.ButtonsType.YES_NO,  "set random value");  var answer = dialog.run();  dialog.destroy();  if(answer == Gtk.ResponseType.YES){  entry.set_text(Random.int_range(0,10000).to_string());  }  });  box.pack_start(label, false, false, 2);  box.pack_start(entry, false, false, 2);  box.pack_start(ib, false, false, 2);  box.pack_start(rb, false, false, 2);  window.add(box);    window.show_all();  Gtk.main ();  return 0; }

Visual Basic

In VB, windows are usually created in the IDE. The generated code is hidden from the programmer unless viewed outside of the IDE. For the sake of this task, I have included that code.

Note that there are other methods of validating the entered value. The method used is dependant on the program's requirements.

VERSION 5.00 Begin VB.Form Form1   Caption = "Form1"  ClientHeight = 2265  ClientLeft = 60  ClientTop = 600  ClientWidth = 2175  LinkTopic = "Form1"  ScaleHeight = 2265  ScaleWidth = 2175  StartUpPosition = 3 'Windows Default  Begin VB.CommandButton cmdRnd   Caption = "Random"  Height = 495  Left = 120  TabIndex = 2  Top = 1680  Width = 1215  End  Begin VB.CommandButton cmdInc   Caption = "Increment"  Height = 495  Left = 120  TabIndex = 1  Top = 1080  Width = 1215  End  Begin VB.TextBox txtValue   Height = 495  Left = 120  TabIndex = 0  Text = "0"  Top = 240  Width = 1215  End End Attribute VB_Name = "Form1" Attribute VB_GlobalNameSpace = False Attribute VB_Creatable = False Attribute VB_PredeclaredId = True Attribute VB_Exposed = False '-----user-written code begins here; everything above this line is hidden in the IDE----- Private Sub Form_Load()  Randomize Timer End Sub Private Sub cmdRnd_Click()  If MsgBox("Random?", vbYesNo) Then txtValue.Text = Int(Rnd * 11) End Sub Private Sub cmdInc_Click()  If Val(txtValue.Text) < 10 Then txtValue.Text = Val(txtValue.Text) + 1 End Sub Private Sub txtValue_KeyPress(KeyAscii As Integer)  Select Case KeyAscii  Case 8, 43, 45, 48 To 57  'backspace, +, -, or number  Case Else  KeyAscii = 0  End Select End Sub

V (Vlang)

Graphical

Notes:

Make sure you have the ui module installed or update your version of V
For alternative UI toolkits, check github.com/vlang/awesome-v (Awesome V).

import ui import gx import rand const ( win_width = 400 win_height = 40 ) @[heap] struct App { mut: window &ui.Window = unsafe {nil} counter string = "0" } fn main() { mut app := &App{} app.window = ui.window( width: win_width height: win_height title: "Counter" mode: .resizable layout: ui.row( spacing: 5 margin_: 10 widths: ui.stretch heights: ui.stretch children: [ ui.textbox( max_len: 20 read_only: false //	is_numeric: true // Can enforce only number input text: &app.counter ), ui.button( text: "increment" bg_color: gx.light_gray radius: 5 border_color: gx.gray on_click: app.btn_click_inc ), ui.button( text: "random" bg_color: gx.light_gray radius: 5 border_color: gx.gray on_click: app.btn_click_ran ), ] ) ) ui.run(app.window) } fn (mut app App) btn_click_inc(mut btn ui.Button) { for value in app.counter { if value.is_digit() == false { ui.message_box("Only numbers allowed!")  return } } if app.counter.int() < 0 || app.counter.int() > 100 { ui.message_box("Only numbers between 0 to 100 accepted!\nResetting to 1.") app.counter = "0" } app.counter = (app.counter.int() + 1).str() } fn (mut app App) btn_click_ran(mut btn ui.Button) { ui.message_box("Will jump to random number between 1 and 100.") app.counter = rand.int_in_range(1, 100) or {0}.str() }

Web 68

Web 68 uses an include file to use the Xforms library.

@1Rosetta code program. @aPROGRAM guicomponent CONTEXT VOID USE standard BEGIN @<Included declarations@> @<Modes in the outer reach@> @<Names in the outer reach@> @<Callback procedures@> @<Other routines@> @<Main logic@> END FINISH @ This file contains all the macros for the Xforms library procedures. Only macros which are called will actually generate code. @iforms.w@> @ Initialise the Xforms library, create the form, set the value in the input field, show the form and hand control to the Xforms library. @<Main...@>= open(argf,"",arg channel); fl initialize(argc,argv,"GUI interact",NIL,0); main form:=create form main; fl set input(main input OF main form,float(value,10,5,2)); fl show form(main OF main form,fl place center,fl fullborder,"GUI interact"); fl do forms @ The input value will be stored in !value!. @<Names...@>= REF FDMAIN main form; REAL value:=0; FILE argf; @1The form. The following section contains declarations for the form. It was output by the program 'fdtow68' using the file output by the 'fdesign' program. @2Modes. This is the mode declaration for form !main!. @<Modes...@>= MODE FDMAIN = STRUCT( REF FLFORM main, REF FLOBJECT main increment, REF FLOBJECT main input, REF FLOBJECT main random); @ This procedure creates form !main!. @<Other...@>= PROC create form main = REF FDMAIN: BEGIN REF FLOBJECT obj; REF FDMAIN fdui:=HEAP FDMAIN; OP(REF FDMAIN)CBPTR TOCBPTR = BIOP 99; main OF fdui:=fl bgn form(fl no box,259,126); obj:=fl add box(fl up box,0,0,259,126,""); fl set object color(obj,fl col1,fl col1); main input OF fdui:=obj:=fl add input(fl float input,78,18,160,35,"Value"); fl set object lsize(obj,fl normal size); fl set object callback(obj,main cb,1); fl set object return(obj,fl return end changed); main increment OF fdui:=obj:=fl add button(fl normal button,20,70,100,40,"Increment"); fl set object lsize(obj,fl normal size); fl set object callback(obj,main cb,2); fl set button mouse buttons(obj,BIN 7); main random OF fdui:=obj:=fl add button(fl normal button,140,70,100,40,"Random"); fl set object lsize(obj,fl normal size); fl set object callback(obj,main cb,3); fl set button mouse buttons(obj,BIN 7); fl end form; fl adjust form size(main OF fdui); fdui OF main OF fdui:=TOCBPTR fdui; fdui END; #create form main# @2Callback procedures. There is only one callback procedure. @<Callback...@>= PROC main cb = (REF FLOBJECT obj,INT data)VOID: CASE data IN	#input#	BEGIN	FILE mf;	open(mf,fl get input(main input OF main form)+blank,mem channel);	get(mf,value); #convert the input to binary#	close(mf)	END	,	#increment#	(	value +:= 1;	fl set input(main input OF main form,float(value,10,5,2))	)	,	#random#	(	value:=random;	fl set input(main input OF main form,float(value,10,5,2))	) ESAC; #main cb# @2Macro calls. Here are all the Xforms macro calls in alphabetical order. @<Include...@>= macro fl add box; macro fl add button; macro fl add input; macro fl adjust form size; macro fl bgn form; macro fl do forms; macro fl end form; macro fl get border width; macro fl get input; macro fl initialize; macro fl set border width; macro fl set button mouse buttons; macro fl set input; macro fl set object callback; macro fl set object color; macro fl set object lsize; macro fl set object return; macro fl show form; @ The end.

Wren

Library: DOME

Library: Wren-polygon

import "graphics" for Canvas, Color import "input" for Mouse, Keyboard import "dome" for Window import "random" for Random import "./polygon" for Polygon var Rand = Random.new() class Button {  construct new(x, y, w, h, legend, c, oc, lc) {  var vertices = [[x, y], [x+w, y], [x+w, y+h], [x, y+h]]  _rect = Polygon.quick(vertices)  _x = x  _y = y  _w = w  _h = h  _legend = legend  _c = c  _oc = oc  _lc = lc  }  draw() {  _rect.drawfill(_c)  _rect.draw(_oc)  var l = Canvas.getPrintArea(_legend)  var lx = ((_w - l.x)/2).truncate  lx = (lx > 0) ? _x + lx : _x + 1  var ly = ((_h - l.y)/2).truncate  ly = (ly > 0) ? _y + ly : _y + 1  Canvas.print(_legend, lx, ly, _lc)  }  justClicked { Mouse["left"].justPressed && _rect.contains(Mouse.position.x, Mouse.position.y) } } class TextBox {  construct new(x, y, w, h, label, c, oc, lc) {  var vertices = [[x, y], [x+w, y], [x+w, y+h], [x, y+h]]  _rect = Polygon.quick(vertices)  _x = x  _y = y  _w = w  _h = h  _label = label  _c = c  _oc = oc  _lc = lc  _text = ""  }  text { _text }  text=(t) { _text = t }  draw() {  _rect.drawfill(_c)  _rect.draw(_oc)  var l = Canvas.getPrintArea(_label).x  var lx = _x - l - 7  if (lx < 1) {  lx = 1  _label = _label[0..._x]  }  Canvas.print(_label, lx, _y, _lc)  Canvas.getPrintArea(_label).x  Canvas.print(_text, _x + 3, _y + 1, Color.black)  } } class GUIComponentInteraction {  construct new() {  Window.title = "GUI component interaction"  _btnIncrement = Button.new(60, 40, 80, 80, "Increment", Color.red, Color.blue, Color.white)  _btnRandom = Button.new(180, 40, 80, 80, "Random", Color.green, Color.blue, Color.white)  _txtValue = TextBox.new(140, 160, 80, 8, "Value", Color.white, Color.blue, Color.white)  _txtValue.text = "0"  Keyboard.handleText = true  _waiting = false  }  init() {  drawControls()  }  update() {  if (_waiting) {  if (Keyboard["Y"].justPressed) {  var rn = Rand.int(1000) // max 999 say  _txtValue.text = rn.toString  _waiting = false  } else if (Keyboard["N"].justPressed) {  _waiting = false  }  } else if (_btnIncrement.justClicked) {  var number = Num.fromString(_txtValue.text) + 1  _txtValue.text = number.toString  } else if (_btnRandom.justClicked) {  Canvas.print("Reset to a random number y/n?", 60, 200, Color.white)  _waiting = true  } else if ("0123456789".any { |d| Keyboard[d].justPressed }) {  if (_txtValue.text != "0") {  _txtValue.text = _txtValue.text + Keyboard.text  } else {  _txtValue.text = Keyboard.text  }  }  }  draw(alpha) {  if (!_waiting) drawControls()  }  drawControls() {  Canvas.cls()  _btnIncrement.draw()  _btnRandom.draw()  _txtValue.draw()  } } var Game = GUIComponentInteraction.new()

XPL0

Runs on DOSBox, MS-DOS, and Raspberry Pi.

\0123456789012345678901234567 template for display layout \ Component interaction. X . main window \ Value: 123456789_ . \ [Increment] [Random] . \ Confirm............... X . dialog pop-up \ Set to a random value? \ [ Yes ] [ No ] include xpllib; \for Ctrl key names, AtoI, ItoA and StrLen def X0=22, Y0=10; \upper-left corner of main window's position def X1=X0+21, Y1=Y0+5; \position of dialog pop-up (character cells) int Mouse, Button, X, Y, Ch, I; \all variables are global for simplicity def StrMax = 10; \max chars in String including underline char String(StrMax); \Value string array int StrInx; \index for character to be added to String proc ShowString; \Show Value String [Attrib($F0); \set black on bright white Cursor(13+X0, 2+Y0); \move to Value field position for I:= 0 to StrInx-1 do ChOut(6, String(I)); ChOut(6, ^_); \show cursor underline at end of String for I:= StrInx+1 to StrMax-1 do ChOut(6, ^ ); \blank rest of line ]; func GetButton; \Return soft button number at mouse pointer [Mouse:= GetMouse; X:= Mouse(0)/8 - X0; \convert pixels to 8x16-pixel character cells Y:= Mouse(1)/16 - Y0; if X>=24 & X<=26 & Y=0 then return 0; \exit [X] if X>= 3 & X<=13 & Y=4 then return 1; \Increment if X>=17 & X<=24 & Y=4 then return 2; \Random X:= Mouse(0)/8 - X1; \convert pixels to character cells for dialog Y:= Mouse(1)/16 - Y1; if X>=24 & X<=26 & Y=0 then return 3; \exit [X] if X>= 3 & X<=11 & Y=4 then return 4; \Yes if X>=16 & X<=24 & Y=4 then return 5; \No return -1; \mouse is not on any soft button ]; proc DoDialog; \Do pop-up dialog for further information [Attrib($70); \set black-on-gray color attribute SetWind(0+X1, 0+Y1, 27+X1, 5+Y1, 0, \fill\true); \draw gray rectangle Cursor(25+X1, 0+Y1); ChOut(6, ^X); \draw exit button Cursor( 3+X1, 2+Y1); Text(6, "Set to a random value?"); Attrib($80); \set black on dark gray for buttons Cursor( 3+X1, 4+Y1); Text(6, " Yes "); Cursor(16+X1, 4+Y1); Text(6, " No "); Attrib($9F); \set bright white on light blue, for title bar Cursor(0+X1, 0+Y1); Text(6, " Confirm "); ShowMouse(true); \turn on mouse pointer loop [MoveMouse; \make pointer track mouse movements Mouse:= GetMouse; if Mouse(2) then \a left or right mouse button is down [Button:= GetButton; \get soft button at mouse pointer while Mouse(2) do \wait for mouse button to be released [MoveMouse; Mouse:= GetMouse; ]; if Button = GetButton then \if down Button = release button [if Button = 3 then InsertKey(Esc); \insert into keyboard buffer if Button = 4 then InsertKey(^y); if Button = 5 then InsertKey(^n); ]; ]; if KeyHit then \key is hit or was inserted in KB buffer [Ch:= ChIn(1); \get character from non-echoed keyboard if Ch=^y or Ch=^Y then \set Value to random number [I:= Ran(1_000_000_000); ItoA(I, String); StrInx:= StrLen(String); quit; ] else if Ch=^n or Ch=^N or Ch=Esc then quit; ]; ]; \loop ]; proc DoMain; \Do main window interaction [ShowMouse(true); \turn on mouse pointer loop [MoveMouse; \make pointer track mouse movements Mouse:= GetMouse; if Mouse(2) then \a left or right mouse button is down [Button:= GetButton; \get soft button at mouse pointer while Mouse(2) do \wait for mouse button to be released [MoveMouse; Mouse:= GetMouse; ]; if Button = GetButton then \if down Button = release button [if Button = 0 then InsertKey(Esc); \insert into keyboard buffer if Button = 1 then InsertKey(^i); if Button = 2 then InsertKey(^r); ]; ]; if KeyHit then \key is hit or was inserted in KB buffer [ShowMouse(false); \don't draw on top of mouse pointer Ch:= ChIn(1); \get character from non-echoed keyboard if Ch>=$30 & Ch<=$39 then \only allow numeric digits for Value [if StrInx < StrMax-1 then \limit number of digits added [String(StrInx):= Ch; StrInx:= StrInx+1; \handle leading zeros - convert number to its canonical form String(StrInx):= 0; \append string terminator for AtoI I:= AtoI(String); \convert numeric String to an integer ItoA(I, String); \convert binary integer back to String StrInx:= StrLen(String); \String could have gotten shorter ]; ] else if Ch = BS then \(backspace) delete back a character [if StrInx > 0 then StrInx:= StrInx-1] else if Ch=^i or Ch=^I then \increment Value [String(StrInx):= 0; \append terminator for AtoI I:= AtoI(String); ItoA(I+1, String); StrInx:= StrLen(String); \String could have gotten longer if StrInx > StrMax-1 then \roll all 9's to zero [String(0):= ^0; StrInx:= 1]; ] else if Ch=^r or Ch=^R then \random Value - go do dialog pop-up quit else if Ch = Esc then [SetVid(3); exit]; \restore normal text mode before exiting ShowString; ShowMouse(true); ]; ]; \loop ]; [SetVid($12); \set 640x480 graphics mode display TrapC(true); \prevent Ctrl+C from aborting the program String(0):= ^0; \initialize Value String to zero StrInx:= 1; loop [Attrib($70); \set black-on-gray color attribute SetWind(0+X0, 0+Y0, 27+X0, 5+Y0, 0, \fill\true); \draw gray rectangle Cursor(25+X0, 0+Y0); ChOut(6, ^X); \draw exit button Cursor( 4+X0, 2+Y0); Text(6, "Value:"); Attrib($80); \set black on dark gray for buttons Cursor( 3+X0, 4+Y0); Text(6, " Increment "); Cursor(17+X0, 4+Y0); Text(6, " Random "); Attrib($9F); \set bright white on light blue for title bar Cursor(0+X0, 0+Y0); Text(6, " Component interaction "); ShowString; DoMain; DoDialog; ShowMouse(false); \don't overwrite mouse pointer (with Clear) Clear; \remove pop-up dialog ]; \loop back to redraw main window ]

Output: