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I want a regular expression that prevents symbols and only allows letters and numbers. The regex below works great, but it doesn't allow for spaces between words.

^[a-zA-Z0-9_]*$ 

For example, when using this regular expression "HelloWorld" is fine, but "Hello World" does not match.

How can I tweak it to allow spaces?

0

13 Answers 13

571

tl;dr

Just add a space in your character class.

^[a-zA-Z0-9_ ]*$ 

 


Now, if you want to be strict...

The above isn't exactly correct. Due to the fact that * means zero or more, it would match all of the following cases that one would not usually mean to match:

  • An empty string, "".
  • A string comprised entirely of spaces, "      ".
  • A string that leads and / or trails with spaces, "   Hello World  ".
  • A string that contains multiple spaces in between words, "Hello   World".

Originally I didn't think such details were worth going into, as OP was asking such a basic question that it seemed strictness wasn't a concern. Now that the question's gained some popularity however, I want to say...

...use @stema's answer.

Which, in my flavor (without using \w) translates to:

^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+( [a-zA-Z0-9_]+)*$ 

(Please upvote @stema regardless.)

Some things to note about this (and @stema's) answer:

  • If you want to allow multiple spaces between words (say, if you'd like to allow accidental double-spaces, or if you're working with copy-pasted text from a PDF), then add a + after the space:

    ^\w+( +\w+)*$ 
  • If you want to allow tabs and newlines (whitespace characters), then replace the space with a \s+:

    ^\w+(\s+\w+)*$ 

    Here I suggest the + by default because, for example, Windows linebreaks consist of two whitespace characters in sequence, \r\n, so you'll need the + to catch both.

Still not working?

Check what dialect of regular expressions you're using.* In languages like Java you'll have to escape your backslashes, i.e. \\w and \\s. In older or more basic languages and utilities, like sed, \w and \s aren't defined, so write them out with character classes, e.g. [a-zA-Z0-9_] and [\f\n\p\r\t], respectively.

 


* I know this question is tagged , but based on 25,000+ views, I'm guessing it's not only those folks who are coming across this question. Currently it's the first hit on google for the search phrase, regular expression space word.

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9 Comments

it allows empty string
Wow, so simple! thanks. Isnt there a site or something one can use to generate regex expressions, for noobs I mean...
@Pierre - It's fairly difficult to take human instructions and convert them to explicit rules. (The human language is fluid and full of ambiguities, and our brains do most of the work required to resolve things and fill in the gaps. Computers don't have such a brain, and clever attempts to mimic one are not yet powerful enough.) There do exist tools like debuggex.com that represent your regex visually, but as appealing as it is it may not be very helpful for complete beginners. I recommend an interactive tutorial to get the basics down, however.
Yes, also your regex will match if there are just spaces. My reply was to Neha choudary's comment.
@Pierre Three years later -- I came across this question today, saw your comment; I use regex hero (regexhero.net) for testing regular expressions. I think the online version only works in Internet Explorer with Silverlight but it's better than nothing.
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167

One possibility would be to just add the space into you character class, like acheong87 suggested, this depends on how strict you are on your pattern, because this would also allow a string starting with 5 spaces, or strings consisting only of spaces.

The other possibility is to define a pattern:

I will use \w this is in most regex flavours the same than [a-zA-Z0-9_] (in some it is Unicode based)

^\w+( \w+)*$ 

This will allow a series of at least one word and the words are divided by spaces.

^ Match the start of the string

\w+ Match a series of at least one word character

( \w+)* is a group that is repeated 0 or more times. In the group it expects a space followed by a series of at least one word character

$ matches the end of the string

3 Comments

This : regex101.com/#javascript also provides as good an explanation for the regex pattern you want to analyse.
Nice Regex, much simpler then a lot of [0-9a-z] etc
I found in my regex interpreter that I needed to wrap the entire string in parentheses in order for the first match to be the entire string, and not just the words coming after the first space. That is ^- (\w+( \w+)*)$ worked for me.
43

This one worked for me

([\w ]+) 

1 Comment

This answer lacks an explanation.
15

Try with:

^(\w+ ?)*$ 

Explanation:

\w - alias for [a-zA-Z_0-9] "whitespace"? - allow whitespace after word, set is as optional 

3 Comments

This is so going to induce backtracking hell.
For example, given a non-matching string ggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg;, your regex is going to take very long time to reach the result due to excessive backtracking.
Ok, so what do you suggest ?
13

I assume you don't want leading/trailing space. This means you have to split the regex into "first character", "stuff in the middle" and "last character":

^[a-zA-Z0-9_][a-zA-Z0-9_ ]*[a-zA-Z0-9_]$ 

or if you use a perl-like syntax:

^\w[\w ]*\w$ 

Also: If you intentionally worded your regex that it also allows empty Strings, you have to make the entire thing optional:

^(\w[\w ]*\w)?$ 

If you want to only allow single space chars, it looks a bit different:

^((\w+ )*\w+)?$ 

This matches 0..n words followed by a single space, plus one word without space. And makes the entire thing optional to allow empty strings.

5 Comments

Space and \s are not equivalent. \s matches more than just space.
@nhahtdh: Thanks for the comment. I'm too used to matching whitespace in general I guess.. Answer is fixed.
Is it possible that you are missing a closing parenthesis ) in the first expression ? I'm not sure I did not try it.
@ssinfod: Good catch. Actually the opening parenthesis is superfluous in that example. Thanks.
Be aware that this answer will not match a single-character string (it will match a minimum of two characters). To fix this you can add a test for a single character: ^\w$|^\w[\w ]*\w$
6

This regular expression

^\w+(\s\w+)*$ 

will only allow a single space between words and no leading or trailing spaces.

Below is the explanation of the regular expression:

  1. ^ Assert position at start of the string
  2. \w+ Match any word character [a-zA-Z0-9_]
    1. Quantifier: + Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed [greedy]
  3. 1st Capturing group (\s\w+)*
    1. Quantifier: * Between zero and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed [greedy]
    2. \s Match any white space character [\r\n\t\f ]
    3. \w+ Match any word character [a-zA-Z0-9_]
      1. Quantifier: + Between one and unlimited times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed [greedy]
  4. $ Assert position at end of the string

Comments

6

Just add a space to end of your regex pattern as follows:

[a-zA-Z0-9_ ] 

1 Comment

How is that different from the accepted answer?
3

This does not allow space in the beginning. But allowes spaces in between words. Also allows for special characters between words. A good regex for FirstName and LastName fields.

\w+.*$ 

1 Comment

This answer is incorrect/inaccurate. This pattern matches one or more alphanumeric, underscores, then zero or more of any non-newline character. No good for the OP.
3

This regex allow only alphabet and spaces:

^[a-zA-Z ]*$ 

3 Comments

Thanks for the pattern and I think it is only match with single whitespace right?
No, It works for more than one whitespaces . @CuongVo
good, but it doesn't match numbers which is asked by the OP. check this demo.
2

For alphabets only:

^([a-zA-Z])+(\s)+[a-zA-Z]+$ 

For alphanumeric value and _:

^(\w)+(\s)+\w+$ 

1 Comment

it is not good example, because (something)+ is not the same as (something+) . In first example, only single character will be captured as $1 .
2

If you are using JavaScript then you can use this regex:

/^[a-z0-9_.-\s]+$/i 

For example:

/^[a-z0-9_.-\s]+$/i.test("") //false /^[a-z0-9_.-\s]+$/i.test("helloworld") //true /^[a-z0-9_.-\s]+$/i.test("hello world") //true /^[a-z0-9_.-\s]+$/i.test("none alpha: ɹqɯ") //false 

The only drawback with this regex is a string comprised entirely of spaces. "       " will also show as true.

Comments

1

It was my regex: @"^(?=.{3,15}$)(?:(?:\p{L}|\p{N})[._()\[\]-]?)*$"

I just added ([\w ]+) at the end of my regex before *

@"^(?=.{3,15}$)(?:(?:\p{L}|\p{N})[._()\[\]-]?)([\w ]+)*$"

Now string is allowed to have spaces.

Comments

-1

Try with this one:

result = re.search(r"\w+( )\w+", text) 

Comments

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