I'm making a program that, if the user inputs a lowercase character, generates its character in uppercase, and the opposite too. I'm using a function in order convert the character into lowercase or uppercase based on the ASCII table. Lowercase to uppercase is being converted correctly, but uppercase to lowercase is not.
char changeCapitalization(char n) { //uppercase to lowercase if(n>=65 && n<=90) n=n+32; //lowercase to uppercase if(n>= 97 && n<=122) n=n-32; return n; } What the others are essentially saying is you want something like this ('else if' instead of 'if' on the lower to upper logic):
char changeCapitalization(char n) { if(n>=65 && n<=90) //uppercase to lowercase n=n+32; else if(n>= 97 && n<=122) //lowercase to uppercase n=n-32; return n; } Chang the line
if(n>= 97 && n<=122) with
else if(n>= 97 && n<=122) Because this condition is the opposite way like you said in the question
Two if statements in sequence are executed - well - in sequence. So if you have an uppercase character, it will first be converted to lowercase, and afterwards, the next if statement will convert it back to lowercase. When you want to check the second condition only if the first one wasn't true, put else in front of the second if.
Also, rather than using the ASCII codes directly, you can compare characters to each other: if (n >= 'A' && n <= 'Z').
Later, when you're more comfortable with programming and start doing bigger projects, you should use the language's built-in functions for working with strings and characters, such as islower() and isupper() - and if you need to support any non-English characters, you should read this great article on the intricacies of encoding international characters.
(n>='a' && n<='z' || n>='A' && n<= 'Z' ? n ^ 0x20 : n).