Use export default in .eslintrc.js file instead of module.exports

UPDATE 2023:

New configuration file (eslint.config.js instead of eslintrc) that is called flat config, now supports ESM:

https://eslint.org/docs/latest/use/configure/configuration-files-new#configuration-file

Sample:

https://github.com/raulmelo-articles/eslint-flat-config/blob/main/demos/basic-esm/eslint.config.js

OLD ANSWER:

Unfortunately:

ESLint does not support ESM configuration at this time.

https://eslint.org/docs/latest/use/configure/configuration-files#configuration-file-formats

To use the ES2015 syntax for default exports in an ESLint config file, one can use a combination of Babel for transpilation and Pirates for hooks to hijack a require statement that imports your ESLint config file written in ES2015. Allow me to explain.

Usually, ESLint will look for a .eslintrc.js file in the project root, and it usually is parsed by Node.js without Babel. We will be repurposing this file so that it does two things: registering a hook and importing the ES2015 ESLint config file.

Assuming you already have a .eslintrc.js using the ES2015 default export syntax, cut the contents out of that file and paste it into a new file named .es2015lintrc.js or similar. The name is irrelevant; it can be called anything you want.

// .es2015lintrc.js export default { // ESLint config properties... } 

Make sure you have the @babel/preset-env, @babel/core, eslint, and pirates packages installed before continuing. Next, create a file that defines your hook and its behavior. We'll call it hook.js for simplicity.

// hook.js const {addHook} = require('pirates'); const {transform} = require('@babel/core'); module.exports = options => addHook( function(source, filename) { return transform(source, { presets: [ [ '@babel/preset-env', { modules: 'cjs', targets: { node: process.versions.node } } ] ] }).code; }, { exts: ['.js'], ignoreNodeModules: true, ...options } ); 

Then import this module into the original .eslintrc.js using a require statement and register the hook that hijacks and transforms all files imported with future require statements. Finally, the ESLint config file written in ES2015 syntax can be imported using our hijacked require statement.

// .eslintrc.js const registerHook = require('./hook'); registerHook(); module.exports = require('./.es2015lintrc').default; 

Now you should be good to go! One can use this same method when writing a Babel config in ES2015 syntax too. Enjoy!

If you already have @babel/register installed, then just rename your .eslintrc.js to .eslintrc.babel.js (or whatever you like) and add this to .eslintrc.js:

require('@babel/register') module.exports = require('./.eslintrc.babel.js').default